Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Reduction of Saturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters of Biodiesel Produced from Beef Tallow by Acetone Fractionation

우지로부터 합성된 바이오 디젤의 포화도 감소를 위한 용매 분별 연구

  • Zhang, Hua (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Shin, Jung-Ah (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Teak (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • 장화 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 신정아 (충남대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 이기택 (충남대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2011.11.20
  • Accepted : 2011.12.09
  • Published : 2011.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

It is known that the content of saturated fatty acids methyl ester (SFAME) affect the pour point of biodiesel at low temperature. In this study, biodiesel (BD) was produced from beef tallow (TAL) by alkali catalyst. To reduce the saturation in BD, acetone fractionation was applied. Besides, TAL was also solvent-fractionated to reduce the saturated fatty acid (SFA) content for further producing BD. With acetone, TAL or TAL methyl ester (5:1 v/w) were fractionated at 10, 0, -10, and $-15^{\circ}C$, respectively. At $-10^{\circ}C$, 17.35% of SFA was observed in fractionated TAL (liquid part, -10TAL) when 5:1 solvent ratio was used for 24 hr. Under the same condition, fractionated BD (liquid part, -10BD) showed SFA (33.14%) with 78wt % yield. Also, fractionation of BD with different concentration of crystallizer 209 (0.1, 0.5, and 1%) along with different time (2, 6, 12, and 24 hr.) was observed. The best condition for reducing the SFA was 0.5% of crystallizer 209 addition for 12 hr of fractionation time at $-10^{\circ}C$, in which 30.14% of SFA content was observed in BD (liquid part). Among different crystallizer, ps 66 showed the least content of SFA content (23.28%) in BD after fractionation ($-10^{\circ}C$ and 24 hr) with 0.5wt% addition.

Keywords

References

  1. K. T. Lee, T. A. Foglia, and K-S Chang, Production of alkyl ester as biodiesel from fractionated lard and restaurant grease. J Am Oil Chem Soc, 79, 191(2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-002-0457-y
  2. F. Manuel, and P. Jorg, Biodiesel: A new Oildorado? Energy Policy 35, 1675(2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2006.04.022
  3. J. Y. Park, D. K. Kim, J. P. Lee, S. C. Park, Y. J. Kim, and J. S. Lee, Blending effects of biodiesels on oxidation stability and low temperature flow properties. Biores. Technol., 99, 1196(2008) . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.02.017
  4. Y. K. Lim, S. C. Shin, E. S. Yim, and H. O. Song, The effective product method of biodiesel. J Korean Ind Eng Chem, 19, 137(2008).
  5. A. B. R. Moreira, V. H. Perez, G. M. Zanin, and H. F. de Castro, Biodiesel synthesis by enzymatic transesterification of palm oil with ethanol using lipases from several sources immobilized on silica - PVA composite. Energy Fuel, 21, 3689(2007). https://doi.org/10.1021/ef700399b
  6. F. Ma, L. D. Clements, and M. A. Hanna, The effect of mixing on transesterification of beef tallow. Biores Technol, 69, 289(1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(98)00184-9
  7. K. T. Lee, T. A. Foglia, and M. J. Oh, Medium-long-medium and medium-long-long chain acyl glycerols from beef tallow and caprylic acid. J food SCI, 67, 1016(2002). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb09446.x
  8. A. Bouaid, M. Martinez, and J. Aracil, Production of biodiesel from bioethanol and brassica carinata oil: Oxidation stability study. Biores Technol, 100, 2234(2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.10.045
  9. C. W. Chiu, L. G. Schimacher, and G. J. Suppes, Impact of cold flow improvers on soybean biodiesel blend. Biomass Bioenergy, 27, 485(2004).
  10. R. O. Dunn, M. W. Shockley, and M. O. Bagby, Improving the low temperature flow properties of alternative diesel fuels: vegetable oil-derived methyl esters. J Am Oil Chem Soc, 73, 1719(1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02517978
  11. J. S. Hong, Y. W. Kim, K. W. Chung, and S. H. Jeong, Synthesis of poly(alkyl methacrylate)s containing various side chains for pour point depressants. Appl Chem Eng, 21, 542(2010).
  12. D. M. Bussy, T. C. Ryan, J. I. Gray, and M. E. Zabik, Fractionation and characterization of edible tallow. J Food Sci, 46, 526(1981). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1981.tb04902.x
  13. SAS, Inc. 2000. SAS Users Guide. Statistical Analysis systems Institute, Cary, NC, USA
  14. F. Ma, L. D. Clements, and M. A. Hanna, Biodiesel Fuel from Animal Fat. Ancillary Studies on transesterificationt Beef Tallow. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 37, 3768 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie980162s