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전과정평가를 활용한 복합비료 생산 시스템의 온실가스 배출량 평가

Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Complex Fertilizers Production System by Using Life Cycle Assessment

  • Jung, Soon-Chul (Eco-Solution Business Division, Econetwork Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Jeong-A (Eco-Solution Business Division, Econetwork Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Huh, Jin-Ho (Eco-Solution Business Division, Econetwork Co., Ltd.) ;
  • So, Kyu-Ho (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science)
  • 투고 : 2011.03.07
  • 심사 : 2011.04.07
  • 발행 : 2011.04.30

초록

현재까지 농작물의 온실가스 배출량 산정은 주 투입 물질인 비료의 국내 LCI DB가 없어 외국 LCI DB를 사용하였다. 이로 인해 우리나라 실정에 맞는 정확한 온실가스 배출량을 산정할 수 없었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 농작물의 생장을 위해 필수 요소로 투입되는 복합비료의 온실가스 배출량을 계산함으로써 농작물의 탄소성적 산정을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 또한 각 농산물 연간 온실가스 배출량과의 비교를 통해 복합비료가 차지하는 정도를 살펴봄으로써 복합비료 사용량 감축 정책 등을 위한 정보를 제공하고자 하였다. 분석결과 복합비료 1 kg 생산에 따른 온실가스 배출량은 21-17-17, 17-21-17, 15-15-15, 기타 각각 2.42E + 00, 2.10E + 00, 2.23E + 00, $3.56E+00kg\;CO_2\;eq.\;kg^{-1}$를 나타냈다. 다음으로 작물에 투입되는 복합비료로 인해 발생하게 되는 온실가스는 쌀, 겉보리, 쌀보리, 노지고추, 양파 작물 대비 각각 48.3%, 47.6%, 40.4%, 32.3%, 29.0%로 큰 부분을 차지하였다. 따라서 맞춤형 비료 정책, 효율적인 시비 등의 노력을 기울여 복합비료 사용량을 감소시킨다면 농업부문의 온실가스 배출량 또한 저감시킬 수 있을 것이다.

Currently among the several methods to estimate an environmental impact of products, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique is mostly used. The Ministry of Environment has been performed the carbon footprint labelling to give the carbon record of product by using this method. But the calculation of carbon footprint in primary agricultural product which is raw material of the processed food cannot be made because there is lack of methodology and LCI DB at agriculture sector. Therefore, LCA carried out to estimate carbon footprint, and established LCI DB for complex fertilizers (21-17-17 1 kg, 17-21-17 1 kg, 15-15-15 1 kg, Unspecified 1 kg) in the production system. The result of LCI DB analysis focussed on the GHG, and it was observed that the values of carbon footprint were $2.42E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for 21-17-17, $2.10E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for 17-21-17, $2.23E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for 15-15-15 and $3.56E+00kg\;CO_2-eq.kg^{-1}$ for Unspecified. For the analysis of LCIA (Life Cycle Impact Assessment) on complex fertilizers in the production system, the carbon footprint from pre-manufacturing phase is contributed to 98.96%, 98.81%, 98.88% and 99.30% on each complex fertilizer with 21-17-17, 17-21-17, 15-15-15, and Unspecified, respectively. These results will be used in basic data for estimation of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions.

키워드

참고문헌

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  4. ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 2006. ISO 14040:2006(E) Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and Framework.
  5. KFIA (Korea Fertilizer Industry Association). 2007. fertilizer production data. Korea Fertilizer Industry Association. Seoul, Korea. www.fert-kfia.or.kr. accessed on August 2010.
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피인용 문헌

  1. A Case Study to Estimate the Greenhouse-Gas Mitigation Potential on Conventional Rice Production System vol.46, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2013.46.6.502
  2. Environmental Impacts Assessment of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) Using Material Life Cycle Assessment vol.18, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7464/ksct.2012.18.1.069
  3. Life Cylcle Assessment (LCA) on Rice Production Systems: Comparison of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) Emission on Conventional, Without Agricultural Chemical and Organic Farming vol.45, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.6.1157
  4. LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) for Evaluating Carbon Emission from Conventional Rice Cultivation System: Comparison of Top-down and Bottom-up Methodology vol.45, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.6.1143