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Influence of Cultivated Regions in Organic and Conventional Farming Paddy Field

벼 유기농업과 관행농업에 미치는 재배지역의 영향

  • Lee, Seong-Tae (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Seo, Dong-Cheol (Division of Applied Life and Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National Univ.) ;
  • Cho, Ju-Sik (Division of Applied Life and Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National Univ.) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Seok (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Song, Won-Doo (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Young-Han (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • Received : 2011.05.27
  • Accepted : 2011.06.20
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to find out optimum cultivated regions for rice organic farming. The organic and conventional rice as control were grown in three different places : secluded hill paddy field for Hapcheon, normal rural paddy field for Sancheong, and suburban paddy field for Jinju from 2005 to 2006. In secluded hill paddy field, the organic material and pesticide to control pest and disease were input twice for organic and conventional rice cultivation. However, in normal rural and suburban paddy field, those were input three times for organic and conventional rice cultivation. The occurrence of sheath blight in organic farming was higher than in conventional farming. Whereas brown planthopper population per 20 plant was significantly high 10.1~19.5 for conventional farming compared with 4.4~10.0 for organic farming. For that reason, the density of the brown planthoppers was higher in organic farming than those in conventional farming. Dominated weeds occurred in organic and conventional paddy field were namely Monochoria vaginalis, Ludwigia prostrata, and Cyperus difformis. The population per 20 plant and dried weight per $m^2$ of weeds were higher in 121 and 50.5 g for organic paddy field. The productivity of rice in different cultivated regions for organic farming was $2.96Mg\;ha^{-1}$ in hill paddy field, $4.03Mg\;ha^{-1}$ in normal rural and suburban paddy field. Toyo-taste value and ratio of perfect grain of milled rice were not different by cultivated regions in both farming system.

유기농 벼 재배에 유리한 지역을 찾고자 재배지역을 산간, 일반농촌 및 도시근교로 달리하여 재배하였을 때 병해충 및 잡초발생량, 벼의 생육과 쌀의 품질을 조사하였다. 재배지역에 상관없이 유기와 관행재배 모든 처리구에서 잎집무늬마름병, 도열병, 혹명나방 및 벼멸구가 발생되었다. 유기재배의 지역별 멸구류 발생 밀도는 20주당 4.4~10 마리이었지만, 관행재배에서는 10.1~19.5 마리로 유기재배보다 높았다. 유기와 관행재배 벼논에서 우점적으로 발생한 잡초는 1년생 잡초인 물달개비 (Monochoria vaginalis)와 여뀌바늘 (Ludwigia prostrata), 다년생 잡초인 알방동사니 (Cyperus difformis)이었다. 지역별로 가장 많은 잡초발생 지역은 도시근교로 유기와 관행재배에서 발생한 잡초의 밀도는 각각 $m^2$ 당 121, 79.2본 이었으며 잡초의 건물중은 각각 $m^2$ 당 50.5, 11.4 g 이었다. 벼 재배지역별 수량은 산간지역이 $2.96Mg\;ha^{-1}$으로 낮았으며 수량이 높은 처리구는 일반농촌과 도시근교의 관행 재배로서 각각 4.56, $4.31Mg\;ha^{-1}$ 이었다. Toyo 식미치는 벼 재배지역별 유의성은 없었으나 영농방법에 의한 유의성은 있는 것으로 나타났다. 산간과 도시근교의 유기농 재배에서의 식미치는 관행재배보다 높았다. 벼 재배지역별 완전립의 비율은 유기재배와 관행재배에서 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 불완전립 비율 또한 재배지역에 따른 유의성은 나타나지 않았고, 불완전립의 비율은 27.2~33.1%이었으며, 이중에서 가장 큰 비율을 차지하는 것은 미숙립과 피해립이었다.

Keywords

References

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