Making of Dongchimi Naengmyeun Broth Which Has Enhanced Antioxidant Activity Using Purple Sweet Potato

자색고구마를 사용한 항산화 활성이 강화된 동치미 냉면육수 제조

  • Seo, Weon-Taek (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Han-Gon (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Sung (Research Institute of Microbiology, Naraebio Inc.) ;
  • Cho, Kye-Man (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 서원택 (경남과학기술대학교 식품과학부) ;
  • 김한곤 (경남과학기술대학교 식품과학부) ;
  • 이진성 ((주)나래바이오테크 부설 미생물연구소) ;
  • 조계만 (경남과학기술대학교 식품과학부)
  • Received : 2011.03.14
  • Accepted : 2011.06.07
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

Lactic fermented dongchimi naengmyeun broth which has enhanced antioxidative activity was developed. During lactic fermentation of dongchimi naengmyeun broth at $25^{\circ}C$, changes of total lactic acid bacteria, pH, acidity, soluble phenolics, and anthocyanins were investigated. After 72 h of fermentation, the stronger antioxidant activities were observed in dongchimi naengmyeun broth supplemented with purple sweet potato than those of control dongchimi naengmyeun broth which showing 96.80% in DPPH radical scavenging activity, 100.82% in $ABTs^{+{\cdot}}$ scavenging activity, 7.77 in reducing power, and 6.89 in ferric reducing/antioxidant power, respectively. These high antioxidant activities related with higher contents of soluble phenolics and anthocyanins in dongchimi naengmyeun broth supplemented with purple sweet potato. The results suggest that the making of functional dongchimi naengmyeun broth by using high soluble phenolics and anthocyanins supplements such as purple sweet potato powder was possible.

기능성이 밝혀져 있는 자색고구마를 첨가하여 기호성과 영양뿐만 아니라 인체에 유익한 기능성 동치미 냉면육수 개발을 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 자색고구마를 첨가한 동치미 냉면육수 발효 과정에서 젖산균, pH, 산도, 유기산, 수용성 phenolics, anthocyanin, 및 항산화 활성 변화를 조사하였다. 특히, 자색고구마를 첨가한 경우 발효종기(72시간)에 수용성 phenolics 및 anthocyanins 함량은 각각 1.26 g/L 및 8.59 g/L로 대조실험과 비교하여 각각 5배 및 34배 높았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 96.80%, $ABTs^{+{\cdot}}$ 라디칼 소거활성 100.82%, 환원력 7.77 ($OD_{700}$), FRAP 6.89 ($OD_{593}$)로 대조실험과 비교하여 각각 4배, 1.2배, 2배 및 3.6배 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 동치미 냉면육수의 항산화 활성은 자색고구마의 수용성 phenolics와 anthocyanins과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 항산화 활성이 증가된 기능성 동치미 냉면육수 제조가 가능하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, G.J. 2010. Quality characteristics of sulgidduk prepared with amount of purple sweet-potato powder. Korean J. Cul. Res. 16, 127-136.
  2. Ann, Y.G. 2001. Dongchimi fermentation for nangmyeon "Changes of chemical property during fermentation". Korean J. Food Nutr. 14, 145-149.
  3. AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC Intl. 17th ed. Method 942.15. Association of Official Analytical Communities, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  4. Blois, M.S. 1954. Antioxidant determination by the of a stable free radical. Nature 26, 1199-1204.
  5. Cho, K.M., B.Y. Ahn, and W.T. Seo. 2008. Lactic acid fermentation of gamju manufactured using medicinal herb decoction. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 40, 649-655.
  6. Cho, Y.J., H.A. Kim, M.A. Bang, Y.B. Oh, B.C. Jeon, Y.H. Moon, and W.J. Jeong. 2003. Prective effect of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on hepatotoxicity rats induced by carbon terachlolide. Korean J. Food Cult. 18, 202-210.
  7. Cho, K.M., R.K. Math, S.M.A. Islam, W.J. Lim, S.Y. Hong, J.M. Kim, M.G. Yun, J.J. Cho, and H.D. Yun. 2009. Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by lactic acid bacteria during kimchi fermentation. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57, 1882-1889. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf803649z
  8. Chun, S.H., S.U. Lee, Y.S. Shin, K.S. Lee, and I.H. Ru. 2000. Preparation of yogurt from milk added with purple sweet potato. Korean J. Food Nutr. 13, 71-77.
  9. Fan, G., Y. Han, Z. Gu, and F. Gu. 2008. Composition and colour stability of anthocyanins extracted from fermented purple sweet potato culture. Food Chem. 41, 1412-1416.
  10. Francis, F. 1989. Food colourants: Anthocyanins. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 28, 273-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398909527503
  11. Han, K.H., J.C. Lee, G.S. Lee, J.H. Kim, and J.S. Lee. 2002. Manufacture and physiological functionality of Korean traditional liquor by using purple-fleshed sweet potato. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 34, 673-677.
  12. Hwang, J.H. and M.S. Jang. 2001. Physicochemical properties of dongchimi added with jasoja (Perillae semen). Korea J. Soc Food Cookery Sci. 17, 555-564.
  13. Jang, M.S. and N.Y. Kim. 1997. Physicochemical and microbiological properties of dongchimi added with citron (Citrus junos). Korean J. Soc. Food Sci. 13, 286-292.
  14. Jeong, C.H., G.N. Choi, J.H. Kwak, J.H. Kim, S.G. Choi, K.H. Shim, and H.J. Heo. 2010. In vitro antioxidant activities of cocoa phenolics. Korean J. Food Preserv. 17, 100-106.
  15. Joung, Y.M., S.J. Park, K.Y. Lee, J.Y. Lee, J.K. Sunh, S.Y. Hwang, K.E. Park, and M.H. Kim. 2007. Antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of Lilium species extracts prepared from different aerial part. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 39, 452-457.
  16. Jung, G.T. and I.O. Ju. 1997. Studies on the preparation of yogurt from milk added purple sweet potato powder. Korean J. Food Nutr. 10, 458-461.
  17. Kim, M.J. and M.S. Jang. 1999. Effect of bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica Makino) leaves on the physicochemical properties of dongchimi. Korean J. Soc. Food Sci. 15, 459-468.
  18. Kim, J.H., C.H. Jeong, G.N. Choi, J.H. Kwak, S.G. Choi, and H.J. Heo. 2009. Antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of methanol extract from Schizandra chinensis using an in vitro system. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 41, 712-716.
  19. Kim, H.R., Y.S. Kim, and M.S. Jang. 2004. Physicochemical properties of naengmyon broth added with dongchimi of different fermentation. Korea J. Food Cookery Sci. 20, 598-606.
  20. Kim, G.R., L.Y. Park, and S.H. Lee. 2010. Fermentation and quality characteristics of kimchi prepared using various types of maesil (Prumus mume Sied. net Zucc). Korean J. Food Preserv. 17, 214-222.
  21. Kim, S.J. and J.W. Rhim. 1997. Effect of freezing, thawing and blanching on the pigment of purple sweet potato. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 29, 9-14.
  22. Kim, S.J., J.W. Rhim, L.S. Lee, and J.S. Lee. 1996. Extraction and characteristics of purple sweet potato pigment. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 28, 345-351.
  23. Kim, S.Y. and C.H. Ryu. 1995. Studies on nutritional components of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 27, 819-825.
  24. Kim, S.Y. and C.H. Ryu. 1997. Effect of certain additives on bread-marking quality of wheat-purple sweet potato flours. Korean J. Soc. Food Sci. 13, 492-499.
  25. Kwak, J.H., G.N. Choi, J.H. Park, J.H. Kim, H.R. Jeong, C.H. Jeong, and H.J. Heo. 2010. Antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effect of purple sweet potato extract. J. Agric. Life Sci. 44, 57-66.
  26. Lee, Y.S. 2007. Antioxidant and physiologocal activity of extracts of Angelica dahurica leaves. Korean J. Food Preserv. 14, 78-86.
  27. Lee, J.S., Y.S. Ahn, H.S. Kim, M.N. Chung, and H.O. Boo. 2007. Proximate composition and minerals, phenolics, anthocyanins pigment characteristics on the parts of sweet potato. Korean J. Intl. Agric. 19, 196-204.
  28. Lee, L.S., S.J. Kim, and J.W. Rhim. 2000. Analysis of anthocyanin pigments from purple-fleshed sweet potato (Jami). J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 555-560.
  29. Lee, J.C., K.S. Lee, J.K. Lee, K.H. Han, and M.J. Oh. 1999. Prepartation and characteristics of curd yogurt from milk added with purple sweet potato. Korean J. Postharvest Sci. Technol. 6, 442-447.
  30. Lee, M.R. and H.S. Rhee. 1990. A study on the flavor compounds of dongchimi. Korean J. Soc. Food Sci. 6, 1-8.
  31. Lidbeck, J.G. and C.E. Nord. 1987. Impact of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the normal intestinal flora after administration of two antibiotic agents. Infection 16, 329-336.
  32. Mo, E.K., S.M. Kim, S.A. Yang, S.A. Jegal, Y.S. Choi, S.Y. Ly, and C.K. Sung. 2010. Properties of baechu kimchi treated with black water extract. Korean J. Food Preserv. 17, 50-57.
  33. Moon, S.W, D.W. Cho, W.S. Park, and M.S. Jang. 1995. Effect of salt concentration on tongchimi fermentation. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 27, 11-18.
  34. Oh, H.S., Y.M. Yoon, S.K. Lee, J.H. Sung, and M.R. Kim. 2003. Physicochemical and sensory properties of Turnip dongchimi during fermentation. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 32, 167-174. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.2.167
  35. Park, B.H. and H.S. Cho. 2005. Effect of glue plant (Codium fragile) on physicohemical characteristics of dongchimi during fermentation. Korean J. Food Cult. 20, 508-515.
  36. Re, R., N. Pellegrini, A. Proteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang, and C. Rice-Evans. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Bio. Med. 26, 1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  37. Salah. N., N.J. Miller, G. Paganga, L. Tijburg, G.P. Bolwell, and C. Rice-Evans. 1995. Polyphenolic flavanols as scavengers of aqueous phase radicals and as chain-breaking antioxidants. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 322, 330-346.
  38. Seo, J.H. and H. Lee. 2007. Characteristics and immunomodulating activity of lactic acid bacteria for the potential probiotics. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 39, 681-687.
  39. Singleton, V.L. and J.A. Rossi. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolic with phosphomolybdic phophotungstic acid reagents. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16, 144-158.
  40. So, H.M. and S.H. Cho. 1999. Screening of high antibacterial lactic acid bacteria for the preparation of dongchimi-juice for naengmyon. Korean J. Food Nutr. 12, 69-76.
  41. Teow, C.C., V.D. Truong, R. McFeeter, R.L. Thompson, K.V. Pecota, and G.C. Yencho. 2007. Antioxidant activities, phenolic and $\beta$-carotene contents of sweet potato genotypes with varying flesh colours. Food Chem. 103, 829-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.09.033
  42. Woo, S.M., Y.J. Jeong, and K. Whang. 2006. Effect of germinated brown rice extract powder on free amino acid content, antioxidant and nitrite scavenging ability of the Korean cabbage Kimchi. Korean J. Food Preserv. 13, 548-554.