참고문헌
- Seiberg, M. : Keratinocyte-melanocyte interaction during melanosome transfer. Pigment Cell Res. 14, 236 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2001.140402.x
- Coelho, S. G., Choi, W., Brenner, M., Miyamura, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Wolber, R., Smuda, C., Batzer, J., Kolbe, L., Ito, S., Wakamatsu, K., Zmudzka, B. Z., Beer, J. Z., Miller, S. A. and Hearing, V. J. : Short- and long-term effects of UV radiation on the pigmentation of human skin. J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc. 14, 32 (2009).
- Kondo, T. and Hearing, V. J. : Update on the regulation of mammalian melanocyte function and skin pigmentation. Expert Rev. Dermatol. 6, 97 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1586/edm.10.70
- Wang, H. M., Chen, C. Y. and Wen, Z. H. : Identifying melanogenesis inhibitors from Cinnamomum subavenium with in vitro and in vivo screening systems by targeting the human tyrosinase. Exp. Dermatol. 20, 242 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2010.01161.x
- Peterson, J. and Dwyer, J. : Flavonoids: dietary occurrence and biochemical activity. Nutr. Res. 18, 1995 (1988).
- Li, R. R., Pang, L. L., Du, Q., Shi, Y., Dai, W. J. and Yin, K. S. : Apigenin inhibits allergen-induced airway inflammation and switches immune response in a murine model of asthma. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 32, 364 (2010). https://doi.org/10.3109/08923970903420566
- Shukla, S. and Gupta, S. : Apigenin: a promising molecule for cancer prevention. Pharm. Res. 27, 962 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0089-7
- Long, X., Fan, M., Bigsby, R. M. and Nephew, K. P. : Apigenin inhibits antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer cell growth through estrogen receptor-a-dependent and estrogen receptora-independent mechanisms. Mol. Cancer Ther. 7, 2096 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-2350
- Valdameri, G., Trombetta-Lima, M., Worfel, P. R., Pires, A. R., Martinez, G. R., Noleto, G. R., Cadena, S. M., Sogayar, M. C., Winnischofer, S. M. and Rocha, M. E. : Involvement of catalase in the apoptotic mechanism induced by apigenin in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Chem. Biol. Interact. 193, 180 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2011.06.009
- Shukla, S. and Gupta, S. : Apigenin-induced prostate cancer cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and p53 activation. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 44, 1833 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.02.007
-
Kim, M. H., Jeong, C. S., Yoon, H. R., Kim, G. H. and Lee, Y. S. : Involvement of
$K^{+}$ -$Cl^{-}$ -cotransport in the apigenin-Induced generation of reactive oxygen species in IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells. J. Appl. Pharmacol. 14, 137 (2006). - Cossins, A. R. and Gibson, J. S. : Volume-sensitive transport systems and volume homeostasis in vertebrate red blood cells. J. Exp. Biol. 200, 343 (1997).
-
Amlal, H., Paillard, M. and Bichara, M. :
$Cl^{-}$ -dependent$NH_{4}^{+}$ transport mechanisms in medullary thick ascending limb cells. Am. J. Physiol. 267, C1607 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.6.C1607 - Perry, P. B. and O'Neill, W. C. : Swelling-activated K fluxes in vascular endothelial cells: volume regulation via K-Cl cotransport and K channels. Am. J. Physiol. 265, C763 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.3.C763
- Adragna, N. C., White, R. E., Orlov, S. N. and Lauf, P. K. : KCl cotransport in vascular smooth muscle and erythrocytes: possible implication in vasodilation. Am. J. Physiol. 278, C381 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2000.278.2.C381
-
Yan, G. X., Chen, J., Yamada, K. A., Kleber, A. G. and Corr, P. B. : Contribution of shrinkage of extracellular space to extracellular
$K^{+}$ accumulation in myocardial ischaemia of the rabbit. J. Physiol. (London) 490, 215 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1996.sp021137 -
Weil-Maslansky, E., Gutman, Y. and Sasson, S. : Insulin activates furosemide-sensitive
$K^{+}$ and$Cl^{-}$ uptake system in BC3H1 cells. Am. J. Physiol. 267, C932 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.4.C932 -
Rivera, C., Voipio, J., Payne, J. A., Ruusuvuori, E., Latineen, H., Lamsa, K., Pirvola, U., Saarma, M. and Kaila, K. : The
$K^{+}$ /$Cl^{-}$ co-transporter KCC2 renders GABA hyperpolarizing during neuronal maturation. Nature 397, 251 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/16697 - Lauf, P. K., Bauer, J., Adragna, N. C., Fujise, H., Zade-Oppen, A. M., Ryu, K. H. and Delpire, E. : Erythrocyte K-Cl cotransport: properties and regulation. Am. J. Physiol. 263, C917 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.263.5.C917
- Ellison, D. H., Velazquez, H. and Wright, F. S. : Stimulation of distal potassium secretion by low lumen chloride in the presence of barium. Am. J. Physiol. 248, F638 (1985).
-
Kim, J. A., Kang, Y. S. and Lee, Y. S. : Involvement of
$K^{+}$ -$Cl^{-}$ -cotransport in the apoptosis induced by N-ethylmaleimide in HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 418, 1 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(01)00861-5 -
Lee, Y. S. : Role of
$K^{+}$ -$Cl^{-}$ -cotransporter in the apigenininduced stimulation of melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. Yakhak Hoeji 52, 500 (2008). - Babior, B. M. : The respiratory burst oxidase. Curr. Opin. Hematol. 2, 55 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1097/00062752-199502010-00008
- Jones, S. A., O'Donnell, V. B., Wood, J. D., Broughton, J. P., Hughes, E. J. and Jones, O. T. : Expression of phagocyte NADPH oxidase components in human endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. 271, H1626 (1996).
- Marshall, C., Mamary, A. J., Verhoeven, A. J. and Marshall, B. E. : Pulmonary artery NADPH oxidase is activated in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 15, 633 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1165/ajrcmb.15.5.8918370
-
Youngson, C., Nurse, C., Yeger, H., Curnutte, J. T., Vollmer, C., Wong, V. and Cutz, E. : Immunocytochemical localization on
$O_{2}$ -sensing protein (NADPH oxidase) in chemoreceptor cells. Microsc. Res. Tech. 37, 101 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970401)37:1<101::AID-JEMT10>3.0.CO;2-V - Kummer, W. and Acker, H. : Immunohistochemical demonstration of four subunits of neutrophil NAD(P)H oxidase in type I cells of carotid body. J. Appl. Physiol. 78, 1904 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.5.1904
- Zhao, Y., Liu, J. and McMartin, K. E. : Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity promotes differentiation of B16 melanoma cells. Oncol. Rep. 19, 1225 (2008).
- Babior, B. M. : NADPH oxidase: an update. Blood 93, 1464 (1999).
- Choi, S. I., Jeong, C. S., Cho, S. Y. and Lee, Y. S. : Mechanism of apoptosis induced by apigenin in HepG2 human hepatoma cells: involvement of reactive oxygen species generated by NADPH oxidase. Arch. Pharm. Res. 30, 1328 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980274
-
Kim, J. A. and Lee, Y. S. : Role of reactive oxygen species generated by NADPH oxidase in the mechanism of activation of
$K^{+}$ -$Cl^{-}$ -cotransport by N-ethylmaleimide in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Free Radic. Res. 35, 43 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1080/10715760100300581 - Queen, B. L. and Tollefsbol, T. O. : Polyphenols and aging. Curr. Aging Sci. 3, 34 (2010). https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609811003010034
- Ullah, M. F., Ahmad, A., Zubair, H., Khan, H. Y., Wang, Z., Sarkar, F. H. and Hadi, S. M. : Soy isoflavone genistein induces cell death in breast cancer cells through mobilization of endogenous copper ions and generation of reactive oxygen species. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 55, 553 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201000329
- Ago, T., Kuroda, J., Kamouchi, M., Sadoshima, J. and Kitazono, T. : Pathophysiological roles of NADPH oxidase/nox family proteins in the vascular system. Review and perspective. Circ. J. 75, 1791 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-11-0388
- Crestani, B., Besnard, V. and Boczkowski, J. : Signalling pathways from NADPH oxidase-4 to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 43, 1086 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2011.04.003
- Tojo, A., Asaba, K. and Onozato, M. L. : Suppressing renal NADPH oxidase to treat diabetic nephropathy. Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 11, 1011 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1517/14728222.11.8.1011
- Kim, Y. J., Kang, K. S. and Yokozawa, T. : The anti-melanogenic effect of pycnogenol by its anti-oxidative actions. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46, 2466 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.002
- Ohguchi, K., Akao, Y. and Nozawa, Y. : Stimulation of melanogenesis by the citrus flavonoid naringenin in mouse B16 melanoma cells. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 70, 1499 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.50635
- Busca, R. and Ballotti, R. : Cyclic AMP a key messenger in the regulation of skin pigmentation. Pigment. Cell Res. 13, 60 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2000.130203.x
- Dong, Y., Wang, H., Cao, J., Ren, J., Fan, R., He, X., Smith, G. W. and Dong, C. : Nitric oxide enhances melanogenesis of alpaca skin melanocytes in vitro by activating the MITF phosphorylation. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 352, 255 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-011-0761-1
- Valencia, A. and Kochevar, I. E. : Nox1-based NADPH oxidase is the major source of UVA-induced reactive oxygen species in human keratinocytes. J. Invest. Dermatol. 128, 214 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jid.5700960
- Ginger, R. S., Askew, S. E., Ogborne, R. M., Wilson, S., Ferdinando, D., Dadd, T., Smith, A. M., Kazi, S., Szerencsei, R. T., Winkfein, R. J., Schnetkamp, P. P. and Green, M. R. : SLC24A5 encodes a trans-Golgi network protein with potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchange activity that regulates human epidermal melanogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 5486 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M707521200
-
Han, H. Y., Lee, J. R., Xu, W. A., Hahn, M. J., Yang, J. M. and Park, Y. D. : Effect of
$Cl^{-}$ on tyrosinase: complex inhibition kinetics and biochemical implication. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 25, 165 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2007.10507165 - Fu, X., Beer, D. G., Behar, J., Wands, J., Lambeth, D. and Cao, W. : cAMP-response element-binding protein mediates acidinduced NADPH oxidase NOX5-S expression in Barrett esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 20368 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M603353200
- Craige, S. M., Chen, K., Pei, Y., Li, C., Huang, X., Chen, C., Shibata, R., Sato, K., Walsh, K. and Keaney, J. F. Jr. : NADPH oxidase 4 promotes endothelial angiogenesis through endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation. Circulation 124, 731 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.030775
- Di Fulvio, M., Lauf, P. K. and Adragna, N. C. : Nitric oxide signaling pathway regulates potassium chloride cotransporter-1 mRNA expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 44534 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M104899200