Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science

Korean Academy of Periodontology (대한치주과학회)
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Synergic induction of human periodontal ligament fibroblast cell death by nitric oxide and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist

  • Seo, Tae-Gun (Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul) ;
  • Cha, Se-Ho (Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul) ;
  • Woo, Kyung-Mi (Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Park, Yun-Soo (Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Cho, Yun-Mi (Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Soon (Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Il (Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry)
  • Received : 2010.10.07
  • Accepted : 2011.01.12
  • Published : 2011.03.07
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Abstract

Purpose: Nitric oxide (NO) has been known as an important regulator of osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cell activity. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between NO-mediated cell death of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist (+)-5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5, 10-imine hydrogen maleate (MK801). Methods: Human PDLFs were treated with various concentrations (0 to 4 mM) of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) with or without $200\;{\mu}M$ MK801 in culture media for 16 hours and the cell medium was then removed and replaced by fresh medium containing MTS reagent for cell proliferation assay. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the effects of SNP on the expression of Bax, cytochrome c, and caspase-3 proteins. The differences for each value among the sample groups were compared using analysis of variance with 95% confidence intervals. Results: In the case of SNP treatment, as a NO donor, cell viability was significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, a synergistic effect was shown when both SNP and NMDA receptor antagonist was added to the medium. SNP treated PDLFs exhibited a round shape in culture conditions and were dramatically reduced in cell number. SNP treatment also increased levels of apoptotic marker protein, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and reduced caspase-3 in PDLFs. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was activated by treatment of SNP and NMDA receptor antagonist. Conclusions: These results suggest that excessive production of NO may induce apoptosis and that NMDA receptor may modulate NO-induced apoptosis in PDLFs.

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References

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