DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Design criteria of wind barriers for traffic -Part 1: wind barrier performance

  • Kwon, Soon-Duck (KOCED Wind Tunnel Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Dong Hyawn (Department of Coastal Construction Engineering, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung Ho (KOCED Wind Tunnel Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Song, Ho Sung (KOCED Wind Tunnel Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Chonbuk National University)
  • 투고 : 2009.08.08
  • 심사 : 2010.09.07
  • 발행 : 2011.01.25

초록

This study investigates the design criteria required for wind barriers to protect vehicles running on an expressway under a high side wind. At the first stage of this study, the lateral deviations of vehicles in crosswinds were computed from the commercial software, CarSim and TruckSim, and the critical wind speeds for a car accident were then evaluated from a predefined car accident index. The critical wind speeds for driving stability were found to be 35 m/s for a small passenger car, yet 30 m/s for a truck and a bus. From the wind tunnel tests, the minimum height of a wind barrier required to reduce the wind speed by 50% was found to be 12.5% of the road width. In the case of parallel bridges, the placement of two edge wind barriers plus one wind barrier at center was recommended for a separation distance larger than 20 m (four lanes) and 10 m (six lanes) respectively, otherwise two wind barriers were recommended.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime of Korean

참고문헌

  1. Baker, C.J. (1986), "A simplified analysis of various types of wind induced road vehicle accidents", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 22(1), 69-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(86)90012-7
  2. Baker, C.J. and Reynolds, S. (1992), "Wind-induced accidents of road vehicles", Acc. Anal. Prev., 24(6), 559-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(92)90009-8
  3. Borrelli, J., Gregory, J.M. and Abtew, W. (1987), "Wind Barrier : A reevaluation of height, spacing, and porosity", Proceedings of the Summer Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Baltimore, MD, USA, June-July.
  4. Bradly, E.F. and Mulhearn, P.J. (1983), "Development of velocity and shear stress distribution in the wake of porous shelter fence", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 15, 145-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(83)90185-X
  5. Carr, G.W., Ing, E. and Rose, M.J. (1993) "Cross-wind stability of vehicles on bridges", Proceedings of the Safety and the Automobile AUTOTECH93, Birmingham, UK, November.
  6. Charuvisita, S., Kimura, K. and Fujino, Y. (2004), "Effects of wind barrier on a vehicle passing in the wake of a bridge tower in cross wind and its response", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92(7-8), 609-639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2004.03.006
  7. Chen, S.R. and Cai, C.S. (2004), "Accident assessment of vehicles on long-span bridges in windy environments", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92(12), 991-1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2004.06.002
  8. Counihan, J., Hunt, J.C.R. and Jackson, P.S. (1974), "Wake behind two-dimensional surface obstacles in turbulent boundary layer", J. Fluid Mech., 64(3), 529-563. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112074002539
  9. Dellwik, E., Mann, J. and Rosenhagen, G. (2005), Traffic restrictions due to wind on the Fehmarn Belt bridge, Riso National Laboratory, Riso-R-1521.
  10. Emmelman, H.J. (1981), Driving stability in side winds, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles, (Ed. W.H. Hucho), Vargel Verlag.
  11. Gawthorpe, R.G. (1994), "Wind effects on ground transportation", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 52, 73-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)90040-X
  12. Gillespie, T.D. (1992), Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, SAE International.
  13. Kim, D.H., Kwon, S.D., Lee, I.K. and Jo, B.W. (2011), "Design criteria of wind barriers for traffic. Part 2: decision making process", Wind Struct., 14(1), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2011.14.1.071
  14. Kinjawadekar, T., Dixit, N., Heydinger, G.J., Guenther, D.A. and Salaani, M.K. (2009), "Vehicle dynamics modeling and validation of the 2003 Ford Expedition with ESC using CarSim", Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition, Detroit, MI, USA, April.
  15. Kwon, S.D. and Jeong, U.Y. (2004), "Vehicle protection program against high winds in Korea", Proceedings of the Bluff Body Aerodynamics & Applcations (BBAA5), Ottawa, Canada, July.
  16. Lee, S.J and Kim, B.H. (1999), "Laboratory measurements of velocity and turbulence field behind porous fences", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 80(3), 311-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(98)00193-7
  17. Lee, S.J and Park, C.W. (2000), "The shelter effect of porous wind fences on coal piles in POSCO open storage yard", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 84(1), 101-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(99)00046-X
  18. MacAdam, C.C., Sayer, M.W., Pinterm, J.D. and Gleanson, M. (1990), "Crosswind sensitivity of passenger cars and the influence of chassis and aerodynamic properties on driver preferences", Vehicle Syst. Dyn., 19(4), 202-236.
  19. Maruyama, Y. and Yamazaki, F. (2006), "Driving simulator experiment on the moving stability of an automobile under strong crosswind", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 94(4), 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2005.12.006
  20. Mechanical Simulation Corporation (2007), CarSim User manual.
  21. Papesch, A.J.G. (1992), "Wind tunnel tests to optimize barrier spacing and porosity to reduce wind damage in horticultural shelter systems", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 44(1-3), 2631-2642. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90055-F
  22. Ranga Raju, K.G., Garde, R.J., Singh, S.K. and Singh, N. (1988), "Experimental study on characteristics of flow past porous fences", J.Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 29(1-3), 155-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(88)90154-7
  23. Saito, H., Suzuki, M. and Tanemoto, M. (2006), "Effects of wind fences on aerodynamic characteristics of train/ vehicles in cross winds", Proceedings of the APCWE6, Seoul, Korea, September.
  24. Smith, B.W. and Barker, C.P. (1998), "Design of wind screens to bridges, experience and application on major bridges", Proceedings of the International Symposium on Advances in Bridge Aerodynamics, Copenhagen, Denmark, May.
  25. Sorgats, U. (1976), "Simulation of directional behavior of road vehicles", Vehicle Syst. Dyn., 5(1-2), 47-66. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423117508968405
  26. Wang, D.L., Chen, A.R. and Pang, J.B. (2005), "Wind speed criteria of driving safety of vehicles on cablestayed bridges", Proceedings of the Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, Seoul,
  27. Wyatt, T.A. (1992), "Recent British developments: Wind shielding of bridges for traffic", Proceedings of the First International Symposium, Copenhagen, Denmark, February.
  28. Xu, Y.L. and Guo, W.H. (2003), "Dynamic behavior of high-sided road vehicles subject to a sudden crosswind gust", Wind Struct., 6(5), 325-346. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2003.6.5.325

피인용 문헌

  1. Numerical investigations of the crosswind stability of the Korean light tactical vehicle during airlift vol.31, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0205-2
  2. Wind loads of moving vehicle on bridge with solid wind barrier vol.156, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.009
  3. Wind tunnel test on aerodynamic effect of wind barriers on train-bridge system vol.58, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-014-5675-1
  4. Numerical simulation of the protective effect of railway wind barriers under crosswinds vol.3, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/23248378.2015.1054906
  5. Analysis on running safety of train on bridge with wind barriers subjected to cross wind vol.17, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.17.2.203
  6. Aerodynamic characteristics of a trailing rail vehicles on viaduct based on still wind tunnel experiments vol.135, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.10.004
  7. Effect of windproof barrier on aerodynamic performance of vehicle-bridge system vol.199, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.426
  8. Optimizing height and porosity of roadway wind barriers for viaducts and bridges vol.81, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.09.029
  9. Effects of wind barrier on the safety of vehicles driven on bridges vol.143, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.04.021
  10. Research on the horizontal curve's radius under coupling effects of uneven adhesion coefficient and crosswind vol.2, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2015.08.006
  11. Characterisation of cross-flow above a railway bridge equipped with solid windbreaks vol.126, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.07.035
  12. Aerodynamic interaction between static vehicles and wind barriers on railway bridges exposed to crosswinds vol.20, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2015.20.2.237
  13. Aerodynamic performance of a novel wind barrier for train-bridge system vol.23, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.23.3.171
  14. Improved Experimental Simulation of Wind Characteristics around Tall Buildings vol.25, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000167
  15. Crosswind effects on high-sided road vehicles with and without movement vol.18, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2014.18.2.155
  16. Vulnerability assessment for the hazards of crosswinds when vehicles cross a bridge deck vol.156, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.07.005
  17. Design criteria of wind barriers for traffic -Part 2: decision making process vol.14, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2011.14.1.071
  18. Aerodynamic effect of wind barriers and running safety of trains on high-speed railway bridges under cross winds vol.20, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2015.20.2.213
  19. An Improved Car-Following Model Accounting for Impact of Strong Wind vol.2017, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4936490
  20. Protection Effect of Railway Wind Barrier on Running Safety of Train under Cross Winds vol.17, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.17.8.1177
  21. Aplicación de métodos computacionales en la evaluación de la respuesta aeroelástica de puentes soportados por cables vol.30, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rimni.2013.03.001
  22. An adaptive surrogate model based on support vector regression and its application to the optimization of railway wind barriers vol.55, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-016-1528-9
  23. Effects of Wind Barrier Porosity on the Coupled Vibration of a Train-Bridge System in a Crosswind pp.1683-0350, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/10168664.2018.1459224
  24. A numerical–experimental methodology for simulating the aerodynamic forces acting on a moving vehicle passing through the wake of a bridge tower under cross wind vol.104, pp.None, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.03.012
  25. Wind tunnel tests on flow fields of full-scale railway wind barriers vol.24, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.24.2.171
  26. 풍동실험을 통한 배과원 방충망의 풍하중 및 항력계수 평가 vol.61, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5389/ksae.2019.61.1.075
  27. Aerodynamic Effects of Viaduct-Cutting Connection Section on High-Speed Railway by Wind Tunnel Tests vol.32, pp.5, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0001065
  28. Wind Load Characteristics of Wind Barriers Induced by High-Speed Trains Based on Field Measurements vol.9, pp.22, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3390/app9224865
  29. The Aerodynamic Characteristics of Road Vehicles Overtaking on Bridge Deck under Crosswinds vol.2020, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8847219
  30. Effect of windshields on the aerodynamic performance of a four-box bridge deck vol.31, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.31.1.31
  31. Effects of wind barriers on running safety of trains for urban rail cable-stayed bridge vol.31, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.31.1.43
  32. Aerodynamic Performance of an Adaptive GFRP Wind Barrier Structure for Railway Bridges vol.13, pp.18, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184214
  33. Static aerodynamic force coefficients for an arch bridge girder with two cross sections vol.31, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.31.3.209
  34. Static aerodynamic force coefficients for an arch bridge girder with two cross sections vol.31, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.31.3.209
  35. Research on wind barrier of canyon bridge-tunnel junction based on wind characteristics vol.24, pp.5, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433220971730
  36. Impact of Strong Wind and Optimal Estimation of Flux Difference Integral in a Lattice Hydrodynamic Model vol.9, pp.22, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3390/math9222897