Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anti-obesity Effect of Monascus pilosus Mycelial Extract in High Fat Diet-induced Obese Rats

  • Lee, Sang-Il (Departent of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Arts, Keimyung College) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Won (Faculty of Food Science and Industrial Technology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Lee, Ye-Kyung (Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University) ;
  • Yang, Seung-Hwan (Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University) ;
  • Lee, In-Ae (Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University) ;
  • Suh, Joo-Won (Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University) ;
  • Kim, Soon-Dong (Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University)
  • Received : 2011.09.03
  • Accepted : 2011.09.03
  • Published : 2011.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the dietary effects of Monascus pilosus mycelial extract on obesity in high-fat with cholesterol-induced obese rat models. It was observed that M. pilosus mycelial extract contains $25.85{\pm}1.98mg%$ of total monacolin K without citrinin by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups; normal control and a high-fat with cholesterol diet group. The high-fat with cholesterol diet group was fed a 5L79 diet with an added 15% lard and 1% cholesterol supplemented diet for 3 weeks for induction of obesity. After induction, obesity was confirmed by checking obesity indexes, the animals were divided into 4 groups (n=5); first, the normal control (NC), and then taken from the obese model of rats, a high-fat with cholesterol diet obesity control group (HF), 0.5% M. pilosus mycelial extract supplemented high-fat with cholesterol diet group (MPMs), 2% conjugated linoleic acid supplemented high-fat with cholesterol diet group (CLA) for 7 weeks. Body weight gains, obesity indexes, and body fat contents in the experimental groups (MPMs and CLA) were decreased compared with HF group. Feed Efficiency Ratio (FER) in MPMs was significantly lower than that of HF without change of feed intake. These results suggested that the anti-obesity effects of the M. pilosus mycelial extracts (MPMs) could prevent obesity induced by high-fat with cholesterol diet possibly via inhibition of lipid absorption.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn IS, Park KY, and Do MS (2007) Weight control mechanisms and antiobesity functional agents. J Koran Soc Food Sci Nutr 36, 503- 513. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.4.503
  2. Arad Y, Ramakrishnan R, and Ginsberg HN (1990) Lovastatin therapy reduces low density lipoprotein apoB levels in subjects with combined hyperlipidemia by reducing the production of apoBcontaining lipoproteins: Implications for the pathophysiology of apoB production. J Lipid Res 31, 567-582.
  3. Bee G (2000) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid consumption during pregnancy and lactation influences growth and tissue composition in weaned pigs. J Nutr 130, 2981-2989.
  4. Benson BN, Calvert CC, Roura E, and Klasing KC (1993) Dietary energy source and density modulate the expression of immunologic stress in chicks. J Nutr 123, 1714-1723.
  5. Birch AJ, Cassera A, Fitton P, Holker JSE, Smith H, Tompson GA, and Whalley WB (1962) Studies in relation to biosynthesis. Part XXX. Rotiorin, monascin and rubropunctatin. J Chem Soc 3583- 3587. https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9620003583
  6. DeLany JP and West DB (2000) Changes in body composition with conjugated linoleic acid. J Am Coll Nutr 19, 487S-493S. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2000.10718952
  7. Dubuc PU (1981) Non-essential role of dietary factors in the development of diabetes in ob/obmice. J Nutr 111, 1742-1748.
  8. Edwards CJ, Hart DJ, and Spector TD (2000) Oral statins and increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Lancet 355, 2218-2219. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02408-9
  9. Endo A (1980) Monacolin K, a new hypocholesterolemic agent that specifically inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 33, 334-336. https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.33.334
  10. Folch J, Lees M, and Sloane Stanley GH (1957) A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226, 497-509.
  11. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, and Fredrickson DS (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18, 499- 502.
  12. Friedrich MJ (2002) Epidemic of obesity expands its spread to developing countries. JAMA 287, 1382-1386. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.11.1382
  13. Frings CS and Dunn RT (1970) A colorimetric method for determination of total serum lipid based on the sulfo-phosphovanillin reaction. Am J Clin Path 53, 89-91.
  14. Gordon T, Kannel WB, Castelli WP, and Dawber TR (1981) Lipoprotein, cardiovascular disease, and death. Arch Intern Med 141, 1128-1131. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1981.00340090024008
  15. Heber D, Yip I, Ashley JM Elashoff DA, Elashoff RM, and Go W (1999) Cholesterol-lowering effects of a proprietary Chinese redyeast- rice dietary supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 69, 231-236.
  16. Hill JO, Lin D, Yakubu F, and Peters JC (1992) Development of dietary obesity in rats: influence of amount andcomposition of dietary fat. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 16, 321-333.
  17. Ip C and Scimeca JA (1997) Conjugated linoleic acid and linoleic acid are distinctive modulators of mammary carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 27, 131-135. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635589709514514
  18. Juzlova P, Martinova L, and Kren V (1996) Secondary metabolites of the fungus Monascus. A review. J Ind Microbiol 15, 163-170.
  19. Kang SM, Shim JY, Hwang SJ, Hong S, Jang HE, and Park MH (2003) Effects of Saengshik supplementation on health improvement in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 32, 906-912. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.6.906
  20. Kim HS and Sung CJ (2001) Effects of dietary zinc and iron levels on serum trace minerals and obesity index in high fat diet-induced obese rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30, 325-330.
  21. Kim JW, Kim SD, and Youn KS (2010) Effects of chicken treated with Hwangki-Beni Koji sauces on body weight, serum and hepatic lipid profiles of rats fed high fat and high cholesterol diets. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39, 1270-1278. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.9.1270
  22. Kiyoshi I, Yoshio M, Keisuke T, Nobukazu T, Sjpiocjo T, Sjorpi A, and Makoto T (1995) Effect of beni-koji extracts on blood pressure in primary hypertensive volunteers. Jpn J Nutr 53, 263- 271. https://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.53.263
  23. Kopelman PG (2000) Obesity as a medical problem. Nature 404, 635- 643.
  24. Kroon PA, Hand KM, Huff JW, and Alberts AW (1982) The effects of mevinolin on serum cholesterol levels of rabbits with endogenous hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 44, 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(82)90051-X
  25. Lee BH and Cho KD (2005) Effects of herb and fiber-rich dietary supplement on body weight, body fat, blood lipid fractions and bowel habits in collegians. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34, 644- 651. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.5.644
  26. Lee JJ, Hee CM, and Lee MY (2006) Effect of Pimpinella brachycarpa extract on lipid metabolism in rats fed high cholesterol diet. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 35, 1151-1158. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2006.35.9.1151
  27. Lee KN, Kritchevsky D, and Pariza MW (1994) Conjugated linoleic acid and atherosclerosis in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 108, 19-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(94)90034-5
  28. Lew EA (1985) Mortality and weight: insured lives and the American Cancer Society studies. Ann Intern Med 103, 1024-1029. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-1024
  29. Li C, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Zhu J, Chang J, and Kritchevsky D (1998) Monascus purpureus-fermented rice (Red Yeast Rice): A natural food product that lowers blood cholesterol in animal models of hypercholesterolemia. Nutr Res 18, 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(97)00201-7
  30. Ma JY, Li Y, Ye Q, Li J, Hua Y, Ju D, Zhang D, Cooper R, and Chang M (2000) Constituents of red yeast rice, a traditional Chinese food and medicine. J Agric Food Chem 48, 5220-5225. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000338c
  31. Manzoni M and Rollini M (2002) Biosynthesis and biotechnological production of statins by filamentous fungi and application of these cholesterol-lowering drugs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 58, 555- 564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0932-9
  32. Martinkova L, Patakova-Juzlova P, Krent V, Kucerova Z, Havlicek V, Olsovsky P, Hovorka O, Rihova B, Vesely D, Vesela D, Ulrichova J, and Prikrylova V (1999) Biological activities of oligoketide pigments of Monascus purpreus. Food Addit Contam 16, 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/026520399284280
  33. Miller CC, Park Y, Pariza MW, and Cook ME (1994) Feeding conjugated linoleic acid to animals partially overcomes catabolic responses due to endotoxin injection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 198, 1107-1112. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1994.1157
  34. Munday JS, Thompson KG, and James KA (1999) Dietary conjugated linoleic acids promote fatty streak formation in the C57BL/6 mouse atherosclerosis model. Br J Nutr 81, 251-255.
  35. Nicolosi RJ, Rogers EJ, Kritchevsky D, Scimeca JA, and Huth PJ (1997) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduce plasma lipoproteins and early aortic atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Artery 22, 266-277.
  36. Pariza MW, Park Y, and Cook M (2000) Mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid. Evidence and speculation. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 223, 8-13. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1373.2000.22302.x
  37. Park GY, Lee SJ, and Lim JG (1997) Effects of green tea catechin on cytochrome P450, xanthine oxidase activities in liver and liver damage in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 26, 901-907.
  38. Park SJ and Kang MH (2003) The effect of dietary noodle with glucomannan on the weight loss in high fat diet-induced obese rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 32, 893-898. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.6.893
  39. Park Y, Albright KJ, Storkson JM, Liu W, Cook ME, and Pariza MW (1999) Changes in body composition in mice during feeding and withdrawal of conjugated linoleic acid. Lipids 34, 243-248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-999-0359-7
  40. Pyo YH and Lee TC (2007) The potential antioxidant capacity and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of Monascusfermented soybean extracts. Evaluation of Monascus-fermented soybean extracts as multifunctional food additives. J Food Sci 72, S218-S223. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00312.x
  41. Reinhard H and Zimmerli B (1999) Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic behavior of the mycotoxins citrinin and ochratoxin A. J Chromatogr A 862, 147-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00929-2
  42. Roman K and Vladimir K (1993) Determination of lovastatin (mevinolin) and mevinolinic acid in fermentation liquids. J Chromatogr A 630, 415-417. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80480-V
  43. Schaefer EJ, Lichtenstein AH, Lamon-Fava S, McNamara JR, and Ordovas JM (1995) Lipoproteins, nutrition, aging and atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr 61 (3 Suppl), 726S-740S.
  44. Sisk MB, Hausman DB, Martin RJ, and Azain MJ (2001) Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces adiposity in lean but not obese Zucker rats. J Nutr 131, 1668-1674.
  45. Song EK and SonYJ (2008) The analysis of type D personality research as a psychosocial risk factor in cardiovascular disease for elders with a chronic disease. J Korean Acad Nurs 38, 19-28. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.1.19
  46. Tsuchimoto S, Nishimura Y, and Ohtsubo E (1992) The stable maintenance system pem of plasmid R100. Degradation of PemI protein may allow PemK protein to inhibit cell growth. J Bacteriol 174, 4205-4211.
  47. Wahle KW, Heys SD, and Rotondo D (2004) Conjugated linoleic acids: Are they beneficial or detrimental to health? Prog Lipid Res 43, 553-587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2004.08.002
  48. Wellen KE and Hotamisligil GS (2005) Inflammation, stress, and diabetes. J Clin Invest 115, 1111- 1119. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI200525102
  49. Won SR, Kim SK, Kim YM, Lee PH, Ryu JH, Kim JW, and Rhee HI (2007) Licochalcone A. A lipase inhibitor from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Food Res Int 40, 1046-1050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2007.05.005
  50. Yasukawa K, Takahashi M, Yamanouchi S, and Takido M (1996) Inhibitory effect of oral administration of Monascus pigment on tumor promotion in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. Oncology 53, 247-249. https://doi.org/10.1159/000227568
  51. Youn UK, Kim YH, and Kim SD (2003) Pigment and monacolin K content of beni-koji fermented with soybean curd residue. Korean J Food Preserv 10, 360-364.
  52. Yu TS, Kim HH, and Yoon CG (2003) Hepatic oxygen free radical metabolizing enzyme activities and serum lipid profile in rats fed diet supplemented with Monascus pigment. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33, 244-249.

Cited by

  1. Quality Characteristics and Content of Polysaccharides in Green Tea Fermented by Monascus pilosus vol.17, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2012.17.4.293
  2. Dietary Effects of Post-fermented Green Tea by Monascus pilosus on the Body Weight, Serum Lipid Profiles and the Activities of Hepatic Antioxidative Enzymes in Mouse Fed a High Fat Diet vol.55, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2011.064
  3. Effects of Mulberry Leaf Tea Fermented by Monascus pilosus on Body Weight and Hepatic Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Mouse Fed High-Fat Diet vol.26, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2013.26.1.066
  4. Dietary Effects of Fermented Soybean Curd Residue (Biji) on Body Weight, Serum Lipid Profiles, and Antioxidation-Related Enzymes Activity of Mice Fed a High Fat Diet vol.42, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.7.1043
  5. on body weight, serum lipid profiles and activities of hepatic antioxidative enzymes in mice fed high fat diets vol.46, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2013.46.1.5
  6. Effect of Soybean Curd Residue Fermented by Monascus pilosus on the High fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice vol.57, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2014.002
  7. Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Mulberry Leaf Tea Fermented by Monascus pilosus vol.41, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.5.706
  8. Stress-Tolerant Feedstocks for Sustainable Bioenergy Production on Marginal Land vol.8, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-014-9557-y
  9. yellow, red and orange pigments from red yeast rice ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Wistar rats fed on a high-fat diet vol.10, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO02192A
  10. Decreased Renal Function Induced by High-Fat Diet in Wistar Rat: The Role of Plasma Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) vol.12, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1756
  11. Dietary Fresh and Boiled Mangkokan Leaves (Nothopanax Scutellarius) Normalized Body Weight, Serum Lipid Profile and Malondialdehyde in Metabolic Syndrome Rats vol.8, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.8.3.19
  12. Effects of plants and biochar on the performance of treatment wetlands for removal of the pesticide chlorantraniliprole from agricultural runoff vol.175, pp.None, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106477