The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration (수산경영론집)

The Korean Society of Fisheries Business Administration (한국수산경영학회)
권호 표지

A study on Marine Protected Areas as Fisheries Management Tools

어업자원 관리수단으로서의 해양보호구역제도에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2011.09.20
  • Accepted : 2011.12.26
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Marine protected Areas(MPAs) are specially designated zones of the sea that are designed to secure operation of ecosystem function and to restore marine ecosystem to the original state by excluding all detrimental human activities. MPAs have been proposed in many countries as means of realizing sustainable fisheries and recently MPAs are newly receiving attention as precautionary measure for global warming and climate change. The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibility of MPAs as fisheries management tools through a wide range of literature analysis and to suggest necessity of fisheries purpose of MPAs in Korea. Establishment of marine protected area can accompany various economic benefits such as restoration of marine environment, preservation of habitats, promotion of marine tourism and so on. Especially, a lot of case studies suggested that MPAs may bring out benefits to the fishing industry as a result of enhanced stocks. Fisheries benefits of MPAs on targeted species include increased abundance, increased mean individual size and age, increased reproductive output, enhanced recruitment inside and outside refuge, maintenance of genetic diversity of stocks, and enhanced fishery yields in adjacent fishing grounds, so called spill-over. MPAs for ecosystem conservation and protection of coastal wetland have been applied appropriately and effectively, however, the Korean MPAs system is still detective due to absence of fisheries purpose MPAs. Finally, suggestions for Korean MPAs can be summarized as following four recommendations; to establish number of small-scale MPAs rather than few large MPAs, to designate island and its surrounding areas as reserve, to consider MPA design with stock enhancement program, and to undertake co-management with Eochon-Gye, the traditional coastal community in Korea.

Keywords

References

  1. 농림수산식품부, 자율관리어업 우수공동체 사례집, 각년호.
  2. 장수호, 어촌계에 관한 연구-사적 배경과 경영형태를 중심으로, 동아대학교 경제학박사학위논문, 1979.
  3. 최성애, Kurt, E. S., 한광석, 김도훈, 해양보호구역의 효과에 관한 기초연구, 한국해양수산개발원, 2004.
  4. 행정자치부, 제3차 도서종합개발 10개년 계획, 2008.
  5. Ami, D., Cartigny, P., & Rapaport, A., "Can marine protected areas enhance both economic and biological situations?," Comptes Rendus Biologies, Vol.328 No.4, 2005, pp.357-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2004.10.018
  6. Ballantine, W. J.," Marine Protected Areas: investing in our future," Living Oceans Society Newsletter, 2003, pp.1-16.
  7. Batista, M. I., Baeta, F., Costa, M. J., & Cabral, H. N., "MPA as management tools for small-scale fisheries : The case study of Arrabida Marine Protected Area (Portugal)," Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol.54, 2011, pp.137-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.10.032
  8. Bell, J. J., "Connectivity between island Marine Protected Areas and the Mainland," Biological Conservation, Vol.141, 2008, pp.2807-2820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.08.017
  9. Bohnsack, J. A., "Marine reserves: They enhance fisheries, reduce conflicts and protect resources," Oceanus, Vol.36, 1993, pp.63-71.
  10. Branch, G. M., & Odendaal, F., "The effects of marine protected areas on the population dynamics of a South African limpet, Cymbula oculus, relative to the influence of wave action," Biological Conservation, Vol.114, 2003, pp.255-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00045-4
  11. Chae, D., Study on the Economic Benefits of Marine Protected Area : Estimation of Tourism Benefits of A UK Marine Reserve, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009.
  12. Checherelli, G., Casu, D., Pala, D., Pinna, S., Sechi, N. "Evaluating the effects of protection on two benthic habitats at Tavelara-Punta Coda Cavallo MPA (north-east Sardinia, Italy)," Marine Environmental Resesarch, 61(2), 2006, pp.171-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2005.09.002
  13. Claudet, J., Pelletier, D., Jouvenel, J, Y., Bachet, F., & Galzin, R., "Assessing the effects of marine protected area on a reef fish assemblage in a northwestern Mediterranean marine reserve: Identifying community-based indicators," Biological Conservation, Vol.130, 2006, pp.349-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.12.030
  14. Department of Conservation, Tapui Taimoana-Reviewing the Marine Reserves Act 1971, Department of Conservation, New Zealand, 2001.
  15. Dugan, J. E., & Davis, G. E., "Application of marine refugia to coastal fisheries management," Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Vol.50, No.10, 1993, pp.2029-2042. https://doi.org/10.1139/f93-227
  16. Enemark J., Wesemueller H., & Gerdiken, A., "The Wadden Sea: an international perspective on managing marine resources, IUCN, Parks protected areas programme," Parks, Vol.8, No.2, 1998, pp.36-40.
  17. Fabinyi, M., "Dive tourism, fishing and marine protected areas in the Calamianes Islands," Philippines, Marine Policy, Vol.32, 2008, pp.898-904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2008.01.004
  18. Fock, H. O., "Natura 2000 and the European Common Fisheries Policy, Marine Policy, Vol.35, 2011, pp.181-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2010.09.003
  19. Fogarty, M. J., & Murawski, S. A.,"Do marine protected areas really work?," Oceanus, Vol.43, No.2, 2005, pp.1-3.
  20. Fraschetti, S., Terlizzi, A., Bussotti, S., Guarnieri, G., D' Ambrosio, P., & Boero, F., "Conservation of Mediterranean seascapes:09-analyses of existing protection schemes," Marine Environmental Research, Vol.59, 2005, pp.309-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2004.05.007
  21. Francini-Filho, R. B., & Moura, R. L., "Evidence for spillover of reef fishes from a no-take marine reserve : An evaluation using the before-after control-impact approach," Fisheries Research, Vol.93, 2008, pp.346-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2008.06.011
  22. Garcia-Charton, J. A., Perez-Ruazfa, A., Marcos, C., Claudet, J., Badalamenti, F., Benedetti-Cecci, L., Falcon, J. M., Milazzo, M., Schembri, P. J., Stobart, B., Vandeperre, F., Brito A., Chemello, R., Dimech, M., Domenici, P., Guala, I., Le Direach, L., Maggi, E., & Planes, S., "Effectiveness of European Atlanto-Mediterranean MPAs : Do they accomplish the expected effects on populations, communities and ecosystems?," Journal for Nature Conservation, Vol.16, 2008, pp.193-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2008.09.007
  23. Goni R., "Ecosystem effects of marine fisheries: an overview," Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol.40, 1998, pp.37-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-5691(98)00037-4
  24. Greenwille, J. W., Marine Protected Areas : A Tool for Fishery Management, Ph.D. Thesis, Univrsity of Sydney, 2007.
  25. Gubbay, S., Marine protected areas: Principles and techniques for management, Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 1995.
  26. Guidetti, P., Mulazzo, M., Bussotti, S., Molinari, A., Murenu, M., Pais, A., Spano, N., Balzano, R., Agardy, T., Boero, F., Carrada, G., Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Cau A., Chemello, R., Creco, S., Manganaro, A., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Russo, G. F., & Tunesi, L. "Italian Marine Reserve Effectiveness : Does Enforcement Matter?," Biological Conservation, Vol.141, 2008, pp.699-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.12.013
  27. Guidetti, P., Bussotti, S., Pizzolante, F., & Ciccolella, A., "Assessiing the potential of an artisanal fishing co-management in the marine protected area of Torre Cuaceto," Fisheries Research, Vol.101, 2010, pp.180-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.006
  28. Harmelin-Vivien, M., Le Direach, L., Bayle-Sempere, J., Charbonnel, E., Garcia-Charton, J. A., Ody, D., Perez-Ruazfa, A., Renonse, O., Sanches-Jerez, P., & Valle, C., "Gradients of abundance and biomass across reserve boundaries in six Mediterranean marine protected areas : Evidence of fish spillover?," Biological Conservation, Vol.141, 2008, pp.1829-1839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.04.029
  29. Halpern, B. S., "The impact of marine reserves: Do reserves work and does reserve size matter?," Ecological Applications, Vol.13, No.1, 2003, pp.S117-S137. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0117:TIOMRD]2.0.CO;2
  30. Holland D. S. & Brazee, R. J., "Marine reserves for fisheries management," Marine Resource Economics, Vol.11, 1996, pp.157-171. https://doi.org/10.1086/mre.11.3.42629158
  31. Hong, S., & Lee, J., "National level implementation of Chapter 17: the Korean example," Ocean & Coastal Management, Vol.29, 1995, pp.231-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(96)00005-1
  32. Hoyt, E., Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises: A world handbook for cetacean habitat conservation, Earthscan, London, 2005.
  33. Kar, T. K., & Matsuda, H., "A bioeconomic model of a single-species fishery with a marine reserve," Journal of Environmental Management, Vol.86, 2008, pp.171-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.12.001
  34. Kaunda-Arara, B., & Rose, G. A.," Effects of marine reef National Parks of fishery CPUE in coastal Kenya," Biological Conservation, Vol.118, 2004, pp.1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2003.06.001
  35. Kittinger, J. N., Duin, K. N., & Wilcox, B. A., "Commercial Fishing, Conservation and Compatibility in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands," Marine Policy, Vol.34, 2010, pp.208-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2009.06.007
  36. Lauck, T., Clark, C. W., Mangel, M., & Munro, G. R., "Implementing the precautionary principle in fisheries management through marine reserves," Ecological Application, Vol.8, No.1, 1998, pp.S72-S78. https://doi.org/10.2307/2641364
  37. McClanahan, T. R., & Mangi, S., "Spillover of exploitable fishes from a marine park and its effect on the adjacent fishery," Ecological Applications, Vol.10, No.6, pp.1792-1805. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1792:SOEFFA]2.0.CO;2
  38. McNeely, J. A., Protected areas for the twenty-first century: working to provide benefits for society," An international journal of the forestry and food industries, Vol.45, FAO, 1994.
  39. Palmigiano, K., & Crawford, B., Establishing Community-based No-take Marine Protected Areas for Cockle Fishery Management, Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association, University of Dar es Salaam, University of Hawaii, Hilo and the Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island, 2006.
  40. Paddack, M. J., & Estes, J., "Kelp forest fish populations in marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas of central California," Ecological Applications, Vol.10, No.3, 2000, pp.855-870. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0855:KFFPIM]2.0.CO;2
  41. Phillips, A., The new paradigm for protected areas, The George Wright FORUM, Vol.20, No.2, 2003, pp.8-32.
  42. Roberts, C. M., "Ecological advice for the global fisheries crisis," Trends in Ecology and Evolution, Vol.12, No.1, 1997, pp.35-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(96)20109-0
  43. Rudd, M. A., & Tupper, M. H., "The impact of Nassau grouper size and abundance on scuba diver site selection and MPA economics," Coastal Management Vol.30, 2002, pp.133-151. https://doi.org/10.1080/089207502753504670
  44. Russ, G. R., & Alcala, A. C., "Sumilon Island Reserve: 20 years of hopes and frustration, NAGA," The ICLARM, July, 1994, pp.8-12.
  45. Sanchirico, J. N., & Wilen, J. E. "Marine Reserves: Is There a Free Lunch?," Resources for the Future Discussion paper 99-09, Washington, DC., 1998, USA.
  46. Sanchirico, J. N., & Wilen, J. E., "The Impacts of Marine Reserves on Limited Entry Fisheries," Fisheries Centre Research Reports, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Canada, Vol.9, No.8, 2001, pp.212-222.
  47. Sheppard, D., "Twenty-first century strategies for protected areas in East Asia," The George Wrights FORUM, 18(2), 2001, pp.40-55.
  48. Sumaila U. R. "Protected marine reserves as Fisheries management tools: a bioeconomic analysis," Fisheries Research, Vol.37, 1998, pp.287-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(98)00144-1
  49. Stewart, G. B., Cote, I. M., Kaiser, M. J., Halpern, B. S., Lester, S. E., Bayliss, H. R., Mengersen, K., & Pullin, A. S., "Are marine protected areas effective tools for sustainable fisheries management? I. Biodiversity impact of marine reserves in temperate zones," Systematic Review No.23, 2008, Collaboration of Environmental Evidence.
  50. Tokrisna, R., & Seiich, F., "Community Based Coastal Fishery Management: Lesson Learned from Seto Inland Sea-Hyogo Prefecture, Japan," Journal of International Cooperation Studies, Vol.12, No.1, 2004, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University, Japan.
  51. UNEP., 1992 Protected Areas of the World: A review of national systems, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, http://www.unep-wcmc.org/protected_areas/data/countrysheets/gbr.html, 1992.
  52. Unsworth, R. K. F., Cullen, L. C., Pretty, J. N., Smoth, D. J., Bell, J. J., "Economic and subsistence values of the standing stocks of seagrass fisheries : potential benefits of no-fishing marine protected area management," Ocean and Coastal Management, Vol.53, 2010, pp.218-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.04.002
  53. Ward T., & Hegerl, E., Marine Protected Areas in Ecosystem-based Management of Fisheries, A report for the Department of the Environment and Heritage, National Heritage Trust, Australia, 2003.
  54. Wielgolaski, F. E., "National Parks and other protected areas in North America in relation to those in Norway and Sweden," Biological Conservation, Vol.3, No.4, 1971, pp.285-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(71)90341-7