DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Investigation of the Effect of Organoclay Additives on Mechanical Properties of PF resin and MPB-OSL using Creep Behavior Analysis and IB Test

  • Kim, Yong-Sik (Division of Forest Bioenery, Bioenergy Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Kadla, John F. (Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia)
  • Received : 2011.03.09
  • Accepted : 2011.04.04
  • Published : 2011.09.25

Abstract

The effect of organoclays on the mechanical properties of cured phenol formaldehyde resin and oriented strand lumber made from Mountain Pine Beetle killed pine strands was analyzed. Three organoclays were used: a natural montmorillonite, hydrophobic organically modified 10 A, and hydrophilic organically modified 30 B. The oriented strand lumber samples were less creep deformation as well as improved internal bonding strength by adding organoclays in the order of 10 A 2% > MMT 2% > 30 B 2% > control. Furthermore, time-temperature superposition (TTS) analysis was proved to be able to predict the long-term creep behavior of MPB-OSL samples.

Keywords

References

  1. Morford, S., D. Moshenko, E. Proteau, and A. Thomson. 2004. An assessment of the research and technical information need of forestry operators in British Columbia, (www.forrex.org/publications).
  2. Natural Resources Canada. Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative: Epidemic Risk Reduction and Value Capture R&D Strategy. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, B.C., 2004.
  3. Feng, M. W. and R. M. Knudson. 2007. Effect of log rehydration on quality of OSB strands manufactured from beetle-killed lodgepole pine. Forest Prod. J. 51: 35-42.
  4. Oudjehane, A. and F. Lam. 2008. Development of thick MPB strand based wood composites. Annual report MDP 08-066.
  5. Oudjehane, A. and F. Lam. 2008. High temperature pre-heating of MPB logs for optimized processing into strand based composites. Annual report MDP 08-074.
  6. Oudjehane, A. and F. Lam. 2009. Development of innovative preheating technology for MPB engineered wood product. Annual report MDP 09-063.
  7. Pinnavaia, T. and G. Beall. editors. 2000. Polymerclay nanocomposites. London, UK, Wiley & Sons.
  8. Lei, W., Y. Deng, M. Zhou, L. Xuan, and Q. Feng. 2006. Mechanical properties of nano $SiO_{2}$ filled gypsum particleboard. Trans. Nonferrous. Met. Soc. China. 16: 361-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60210-0
  9. Lin, Q., G. Yang, J. Liu, and J. Rao. 2005. Study on the property of Nano-SiO2/urea formaldehyde resin. Scientia Silvae Sinicae 41: 129-135.
  10. Lei, Y., Q. Wu, C. M. Clemons, F. Yao, and Y. Xu. 2007. Influence of Nanoclay on Properties of HDPE/Wood Composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 106: 3958-3966. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.27048
  11. ASTM. 2000. Construction (wood). In Annual book of ASTM Standards, ASTM D1037, American Society for Testing and Materials.
  12. William, M. L., R. F. Landel, and J. D. Ferry. 1955. The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77: 3701-3707. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01619a008
  13. Aklonis, J. J. and W. J. MacKnight. 1983. Introduction to polymer viscoelasticity; Wiley: New York.
  14. Faucher, J. A. 1959. Viscoelastic behaviour of polyethylene and polypropylene. Trans. Soc. Rheol. 3: 81-93. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.548844
  15. Nunez, A. J., N. E. Marcovich, and M. I. Aranguren. 2004. Analysis of the creep behavior of polypropylene- woodflour composites. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44: 1594-1603. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.20157
  16. Leaderman, H. 1943. Elastic and creep properties of filamentous materials and other high polymers. Washington D.C., Textile Foundation.
  17. Turi, E. A. 1997. Thermal characterization of polymeric materials, 2nd ed., Academic: San Diego.
  18. Vaidyanathan, T. K., J. Vaidyanathan, and Z. Cherian. 2003. Extended creep behavior of dental composites using time-temperature superposition principle. Dental Mater. 19: 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(02)00009-X
  19. Tajvid, M., R. H. Falk, and J. C. Hermanson. 2005. Time-temperature superposition principle applied to a kenaf-fiber/high-density polyethylene composite. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 97: 1995-2004. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.21648