Journal of dental hygiene science (치위생과학회지)

The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science (한국치위생과학회)
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Comparison of Virulence in Xylitol-Sensitive and -Resistant Streptococcus mutans to Different Concentrations of Xylitol

자일리톨 처리 농도에 따른 자일리톨 감성균주와 내성균주의 독력 비교

  • Im, Sang-Uk (Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Ahn, Sang-Hun (Dental Hygiene, Daegu Health College) ;
  • Song, Keun-Bae (Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
  • 임상욱 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 예방치과학교실) ;
  • 안상헌 (대구보건대학 치위생학과) ;
  • 송근배 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 예방치과학교실)
  • Received : 2011.08.05
  • Accepted : 2011.10.17
  • Published : 2011.10.31
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Abstract

Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the major causative bacteria in dental caries. Xylitol is effective anticarious natural sugar substitute by inhibiting the virulence of S. mutans. However, long-term xylitol consumption leads to the emergence of the xylitol-resistant (XR) strains which means xylitol is no more inhibited their growth. We therefore confirmed the general characteristics and the virulence factors of the xylitol-sensitive (XS) and XR S. mutans for different concentrations of xylitol. S. mutans KCTC 3065 was maintained in TYE medium containing 0.4% glucose with 1% xylitol during 30 days at $37^{\circ}C$, 10% $CO_2$ to form XR strain. The strains were transferred to new medium every 24 hr and the same procedures without xylitol were repeated for the formation of XS S. mutans. Both XS and XR were cultured in different concentrations of xylitol (0%, 0.1% and 1%) then, cell growth, acid production and mRNA expression of gtf genes were analyzed. Xylitol reduced the cell growth of XS S. mutans in dose-dependent manner, but not reduced that of XR. Xylitol inhibited acid production of XS in dose-dependent manner, but not inhibited that of XR. Xylitol reduced the gtfB and gtfD mRNA expression of XS S. mutans which genes synthesized soluble and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides, but not reduced that of XR. These results indicate that the virulence of XR S. mutans is different characters of XS strains, which suggests XR strains may have different cariogenicity of XS strains. Further study is needed to explain the mechanism related to extracellular polysaccharide in the XR strains.

본 연구는 표준균주 S. mutans KCTC3065를 이용하여 자일리톨에 내성을 가지는 자일리톨 내성균주 (XR)를 형성하고, 이들을 자일리톨이 존재하는 상태에서 배양하며 성장과 산생성, 세포외 다당류 합성관련 유전자 gtfB와 gtfD의 mRNA 발현 변화를 확인하고자 하였으며 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 장기간 자일리톨에 반복 지속 배양한 XR의 경우 1%의 자일리톨을 첨가된 TYE에 배양하여도 성장과 산생성이 억제되지 않았으므로, 형성된 XR은 자일리톨에 대한 내성을 잘 유지하는 것을 확인하였다. 2. XR과 XS를 각각 0%, 0.1%, 1%의 자일리톨을 첨가하여 성장과 산생성의 변화를 관찰한 결과 XS는 자일리톨에 농도 의존적으로 성장과 산생성이 농도 의존적으로 억제되었으나, XR은 XS와 다르게 첨가된 자일리톨의 농도와 상관없이 성장과 산생성 모두 비슷한 패턴을 보였다. 3. 첨가된 자일리톨의 농도에 따른 XS와 XR의 세포외 다당류 합성관련 유전자 gtfB와 gtfD의 mRNA 발현은 XR의 경우에는 성장이나 산생성과 마찬가지로 유전자의 발현의 차이가 거의 없는데 비해, XS의 경우에는 첨가된 자일리톨에 농도 의존적으로 gtfB와 gtfD의 mRNA 발현이 감소하는 것이 확인되었다. 이상의 실험 결과를 종합하면 XR의 일반적인 특징은 자일리톨에 의해 성장과 산생성이 억제되는 XS와 많이 다른 것으로 확인되었으며 자일리톨 농도에 따라 세포외 다당류 합성관련 유전자 gtfB와 gtfD의 mRNA 발현의 차이가 나타나지 않았으며 추후 세포외 다당류 합성을 실증할 수 있는 보충실험을 통해 보다 자세한 메커니즘을 분석하도록 하겠다.

Keywords

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