Synchrotron Radiation Imaging of Breast Tissue Using a Phase-contrast Hard X-ray Microscope

경 엑스선 위상차 현미경을 이용한 유방 조직의 방사광 영상

  • Jeong, Young-Ju (Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Bong, Jin-Gu (Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Park, Sung-Hwan (Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • 정영주 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 외과학교실) ;
  • 봉진구 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 외과학교실) ;
  • 박성환 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 외과학교실)
  • Received : 2011.03.16
  • Accepted : 2011.05.17
  • Published : 2011.09.30

Abstract

Synchrotron radiation (SR) imaging enables us to observe internal structures of biologic samples without staining. In this study, we obtained X-ray microscopic images of human breast tissues with 11.1 KeV hard X-ray microscope of the Pohang light source and used zone plates and phase-contrast technique to get high resolution X-ray images. Hard X-ray microscopic images of fibrocystic change and breast cancer tissues with a spatial resolution of 60 nm were obtained and from these images, we could observe the micro-structures of human breast tissue. Also we analyzed and compared these images, which revealed distinct features of each condition. In conclusion, SR imaging with phase-contrast hard X-ray microscope for medical application, especially in breast disease can give some useful information for clinical research.

방사광 영상은 내부가 보이지 않는 생물학적 검체의 구조를 관찰하는데 사용될 수 있으며, 조직의 고정이나 염색없이 비침습적으로 조직의 미세 구조를 관찰하는데 유용하다. 본 연구에서는 포항방사광가속기의 1B2 빔라인에서 개발한 경엑스선(hard X-ray) 현미경을 이용하여 11.1 KeV의 에너지에서 인간 유방 조직의 현미경적 영상을 얻고자 하였으며, 고해상도의 영상을 얻기 위해 동심원 회전판(zone plate)과 위상차 영상기법을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 경 엑스선 현미경을 이용하여 유방 섬유낭성변화와 유방암 조직의 방사광 미세 영상을 얻었으며, 이들 영상의 공간 해상도는 60 nm로 각각의 유방 조직의 미세 구조를 관찰하기에 충분하였다. 또한 방사광 미세 영상과 기존의 유방촬영 영상을 비교하였을 때, 방사광 미세 영상에서 각 조직의 특징적인 형태학적 변화가 더 뚜렷하게 나타나는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 경엑스선 위상차 현미경을 이용한 방사광 영상은 유방 질환의 진단에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 임상적으로나 여러 연구 목적으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Lewis RA: Medical phase contrast X-ray imaging: current status and future prospects. Phys Med Biol 49:3573-3583 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/49/16/005
  2. Suortti P, Thomlinson W: Medical applications of synchrotron radiation. Phys Med Biol 48:R1-35 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/48/13/201
  3. Arfelli F, Bonvicini V, Bravin A, et al: Mammography with synchrotron radiation: phase-detection technique. Radiology 215:286-293 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.215.1.r00ap10286
  4. Ingal VN, Beliaevskayay EA, Brianskayaz AP, Merliroevax RD: Phase mammography-a new technique for breast investigation. Phys Med Biol 43:2555-2567 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/9/009
  5. Kagoshima Y, Yokoyama Y, Niimi T, et al: Hard X-ray phase contrast microscope for observing transparent specimens. J Phys IV 104:49-52 (2003)
  6. Andrews JC, Almeida E, van der Meulen MC, et al: Nanoscale X-ray microscopic imaging of mammalian mineralized tissue. Microsc Microanal 16:327-336 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927610000231
  7. Youn HS, Jung SW: Hard X-ray microscopy with Zernike phase contrast. J Microsc 223:53-56 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2006.01592.x
  8. Royal College of Pathologists Working Group: Pathology reporting of breast disease. NHSBSP Publication No. 58, London (2005), pp. 34-35
  9. Iglehart JD, Smith BL: Disease of the breast. Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL: Sabiston Textbook of surgery. Saunders Elsevier Inc., Philadelphia (2008), pp. 851-898.
  10. Kim GB, Yoon YJ, Shin TJ, Youn HS, Gho YS, Lee SJ: X-ray imaging of various biological samples using a phase-contrast hard X-ray microscope. Micros Res Tech 71:639-643 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.20601
  11. Tannenbaum M, Weiss M, Marx AJ: Ultrastructure of the human mammary ductile. Cancer 23:958-978 (1969) https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(196904)23:4<958::AID-CNCR2820230435>3.0.CO;2-H
  12. Martinez-Hernandez A, Francis DJ, Silverberg SG: Elastosis and other stromal reactions in benign and malignant breast tissue; an ultrastructural study. Cancer 40:700-706 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197708)40:2<700::AID-CNCR2820400217>3.0.CO;2-W
  13. Youn HS, Baik SY, Chang CH: Hard X-ray microscopy with a 130 nm resolution. Rev Sci Instrum 76:023702 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1841812
  14. Pani S, Longo R, Derossi D, et al: Breast tomography with synchrotron radiation: preliminary results. Phys Med Biol 49: 1739-1754 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/49/9/011
  15. Lindfors KK, Boone JM, Nelson TR, Yang K, Kwan AL, Miller DF: Dedicated breast CT: initial clinical experience. Radiology 246:725-733 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2463070410