Childhood Kidney Diseases

Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology (대한소아신장학회)
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Clinical Usefulness of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Children and Adolescents

소아 및 청소년에서 24시간 활동 혈압 측정의 임상적 유용성

  • Hwang, Young-Ju (Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Hyo-Jung (Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Yang, Eun-Ae (Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Min-Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Ko, Cheol-Woo (Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Yang, Dong-Heon (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Hwang, Hyun-Hee (Department of Pediatrics, Changwon Fatima Hospital)
  • 황영주 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 박효정 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 양은애 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 조민현 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 고철우 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 양동헌 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 내과학교실) ;
  • 황현희 (창원파티마병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2011.07.11
  • Accepted : 2011.08.31
  • Published : 2011.10.31
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Abstract

Purpose: With increasing prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in children and adolescent, pediatricians have become more interested in blood pressure (BP) measurements. The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is known to be useful to differentiate true HTN and white coat HTN. The object of this study is to assess the clinical usefulness of ABPM in Korean children and adolescents. Methods: A retrospective review of 51 patients in Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 2002 to February 2010 was done. All patients were 6-18 years old and underwent ABPM. We calculated the mean value of ABP, BP load, nocturnal dip and compared the results with the patients' diagnosis and characteristics. Results: The mean age of the 51 patients was $17.8{\pm}1.8$ years and 19 children were obese. 37 patients (72.5%) were truly hypertensive and 1 patient was diagnosed as masked HTN and 7 children (14%) as white coat HTN. The rest of the patients were normotensive. Among patients with white coat HTN, 5 were in a prehypertensive state. Mean systolic and diastolic BP load of patients with true HTN were significantly higher than non-hypertensive children (P<0.001). Although the nocturnal dip of all patients were below 10%, there was no statistical significance. The obese patients showed higher systolic and diastolic BP. Their systolic and diastolic BP load were significantly higher than non-obese patients (P<0.001). Conclusion: ABPM in children and adolescents seems to be a valuable tool in the assessment of white coat HTN and in the confirmation of true HTN. A considerable number of white coat HTN patients are revealed to be in a prehypertensive state and need close follow-up.

목적 : 소아 청소년에서 고혈압의 유병률이 증가하면서 혈압의 측정에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 활동 혈압 감시는 진성 고혈압과 백의 고혈압의 진단에 유용하다고 알려져 있어 우리나라 소아 청소년을 대상으로 활동 혈압 감시의 임상적 유용성을 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2010년 2월까지 경북대학교병원 소아청소년과 및 내과를 방문하여 활동 혈압 감시를 시행한 6세부터 18세까지의 소아 및 청소년 51명을 대상으로 하였다. 외래에서 측정한 수시 혈압과 활동 혈압 감시 결과로 계산된 평균 혈압, 혈압 부하 및 야간 하강 정도를 환자들의 임상적 특징과 진단 별로 비교하였다. 결과:전체 51명의 환자 중 남자가 49명이었으며 평균연령은 $17.8{\pm}1.8$세였고 19명(37.3%)이 비만이었다. 활동 혈압 감시 시행 중 평균 유효 측정횟수는 37.8회, 유효 측정률은 94.3%이었다. 활동 혈압 감시 결과 진성 고혈압 환자가 37명(72.5%)이 었고 이 중 1명이 가면 고혈압이었다. 7명(14%)은 백의 고혈압으로 진단되었으며 나머지 7명은 수시혈압과 24시간 활동 혈압 모두 정상이었다. 백의 고혈압으로 진단된 7명 중 5명이 고혈압 전 단계였다. 진성 고혈압 환자에서 평균 수축기와 이완기 혈압 부하는 정상 혈압 소아에 비해 유의하게 높았고(P<0.001) 야간 강하는 10% 이하였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 비만 환자에서 평균 수축기, 이완기 혈압 및 혈압 부하가 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 결론 : 본 연구에서 소아 청소년에서 활동 혈압 감시가 진성 고혈압 및 백의 고혈압을 진단하는데 유용하였으며 백의 고혈압을 가진 소아의 상당수가 고혈압 전 단계에 해당되어 향후 이들에 대한 지속적인 추적 관찰이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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