Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Staticposture stability evaluation of female elderly using stability evaluation device

균형능력 평가 장치를 이용한 여성노인의 정적자세안정성 평가

  • Kim, Tae-Hyung (Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Korea Nazarene University) ;
  • Yi, Jae-Hoon (Adapted Physical Activity Laboratory, Korea Nazarene University) ;
  • Oh, Seong-Geun (Department of Health and Exercise Science, Korea National Sports University)
  • 김태형 (나사렛대학교 특수체육학과) ;
  • 이재훈 (나사렛대학교 재활스포츠연구소) ;
  • 오성근 (한국체육대학교 운동건강관리학과)
  • Received : 2011.09.30
  • Accepted : 2011.12.13
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of balance ability on aging by measuring balance ability of elderly females whose age is over 65. The subjects are ten elderly women (the mean age: 71.9) able to walk without assistants, the assistant equipments and drug dependence and ten young healthy women (the mean age: 23.2). We measured stability index (ST), Fourier index (F), weight distribution (WD), weight distribution index (WDI), synchronization index (SI) and fall index (FI) by using Tetrax (Tetra-ataxiometric Posturography). In result, STs and Fs at the low frequency region (F1) represented the significant difference between two groups at all postures with PO (pillow with eye open) exception (p<.01). Fs at the other frequency regions (F2~F8) represented the significant difference between two groups (p<.05). WDI of the elderly women represented the higher values than the young women at all postures but there are the significant difference at PO and PC (pillow with eye closed) only. These results may be due to age-related ability decline of somatesthesia, vestibular organ, central nervous system.

사람이 서있는 동안의 안정성 감소는 낙상에 영향을 끼치는 요인 중 하나이다. 따라서 본 논문은 낙상 발생률이 높은 65세 이상의 노인여성을 대상으로 균형기능 검사를 실시하고, 성인여성의 연령대별 비교를 통해 균형능력이 노화에 따라 변화해가는 정형외과 및 신경학적 요인들을 밝혀 낙상을 예방하고자 한다. 연구 대상자는 보조기나 약물복용 없이 독립보행이 가능한 65세 이상의 신체 건강한 노인여성 10명(평균연령: 71.9세)과 성인여성 10명(평균연령: 23.2세)으로 하였다. 균형능력 평가장치(Tetrax)를 이용하여 8가지 자세에 대한 안정성 지수(Stability Index, ST), 푸리에 지수(Fourier index, F), 체중분표(Weight Distribution (%), WD), 체중분포율 지수(Weight Distribution Index, WDI), 동기화 지수(Synchronization Index, SI), 낙상율지수(fall index, FI)를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 안정성 지수(ST)는 노인여성과 성인여성간 PO를 제외한 모든 자세에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<.01) 푸리에지수는 낮은주파수(low, F1)에서 PO를 제외한 모든 자세에서 노인여성과 성인여성은 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<.01). 또한 중간낮은 주파수(middle-low, F2-F4), 중간높은주파수(middle-high, F5-F6), 높은주파수(high, F7-F8) 모두에서 노인여성이 성인여성보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 모든 자세에서 노인여성의 체중분포율지수가 더 높게 나타났으나, PO와 PC에서만 통계적으로 유의했다. 이는 노화에 따른 생리학적 변화로 체성감각기관, 전정기관, 중추신경계등 전반적인 부분에서 능력이 저하됨에 따라 나타난 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. L. M. Nashner, C. L. Shupert, F. B. Horak. & F. O. Black. Organization of posture controls: an analysis of sensory and mechanical constraints. Progress in Brain Research, Vol.80, pp. 411-418, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(08)62237-2
  2. M. Wernick_Robinson, D. E. Krebs. & M. M. Giorgem. Functional Reach: Does iIt Really Measure Dynamic Balance?. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol.80, 3, pp. 262-269, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90136-3
  3. Y. Laufer, D. Sivan, R. Schwarzmann. & E. Sprecher. Standing Balance and Functional Recovery of Patients with Right and Left Hemiparesis in the Early Stages of Rehabilitation. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, Vol.17, pp. 207-213, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1177/0888439003259169
  4. R. A. Geiger, J. B. Allen, J. O'Keefe. & R. R. Hicks. Balance and Mobility Following Stroke: Effects of Physical Therapy Interventions With and Without Biofeedback/ Forceplate Training. Physical Therapy, Vol.81, pp. 995-1006, 2001.
  5. E. S. Jang, W. H. Yang. & K. Y. Kim. The Effects of Balance Training Using Using Balance System in the Hemiplegic patients. Journal of Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, Vol.23, pp. 899-904, 1999.
  6. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. The Living Profile and Welfare Service Needs of Older Persons in Korea 2004, 2005.
  7. Statistics Korea. 2007 Statistics of the aged. 2007.
  8. P. W. Overstall, A. N. Exton-Smith, F. J. Imms. & A. L. Johnson. Falls in the elderly related to postural imbalance. British Medical Journal, Vol.1. pp. 261-264, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.6056.261
  9. Statistics Korea, 2007 Staistics of the aged.
  10. A. J. Campbell, M. J. Borrie. & G. F. Spears. Risk factors for falls in a community-based prospective study of people 70 years and older. Journal of Gerontology, Vol.44, pp. M112-M117, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/44.5.M112
  11. M. C. Nevitt, S, R, Cummings, S. Kidd. & D. Black, Risk factors for recurrent nonsyncopal falls. The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol.261, pp. 2663-2668, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03420180087036
  12. L. A. Lipsitz, P. V. Jonsson, M. M. Kelley. & J. S. Koestner, Causes and correlates of recurrent falls in ambulatory frail elderly. Journal of Gerontology, Vol.46, pp. M114-M122, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/46.4.M114
  13. S. Lord, J. Ward, P. Williams. & K. Anstey, An epidemiological study of falls in order community dwelling women: the Randwick falls and fracture study. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, Vol.17, pp. 240-245, 1993.
  14. B. E. Maki, P. J. Holliday. & A. K. Topper. A prospective study of postural balance and risk of falling in an ambulatory, Journal of Gerontology, Vol.49, pp. M72-78, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.2.M72
  15. M. E. Tinetti, M. Speechley. & S. F. Ginter. Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol.319, pp. 1701-1707, 1998.
  16. S. Mathias, U. Nayak. & B. Issacs. Balance in elderly patients:the "Get-up and Go" test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol.67, pp. 387-389, 1986.
  17. M. E. Tinetti, T. F. Willians. & R. Mayewski. Fall risk index for elderly patients based on numbers of choronic disabilities. The American Journal of Medicine, Vol.80, pp. 429-434, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(86)90717-5
  18. K. Berg, S. L. Wood-Dauphinee, J. Williams. & D. Gayton. Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiother Canada, Vol.41, pp. 304-308, 1989. https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.41.6.304
  19. M. Speechley. & M. Tinetti, Assessment of risk and prevention of falls among elderly persons: role of the physiotherapist. Physiotherapy Canada, Vol.2, pp. 75-79, 1990.
  20. K,. Avluund, M. Schroll, & M. Davidsen, Maximal isometric muscle strength and functional ability in dailiy activities among 75-year old men and women. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine Science Sports, Vol.4, 00. 32-40, 1994.
  21. M. H. Woollacott, A. Shumway-Cook. & L. Nashner. Aging and posture control: changes in sensory organization and muscular coordination. International Journal of Aging Human Development, Vol.23, pp. 97-114, 1986. https://doi.org/10.2190/VXN3-N3RT-54JB-X16X
  22. N. Teasdale, G. E. Stelmach & A. Breuning. Postural sway characteristics of the elderly under normal and altered visual and support surface conditions. Journal of Gerontology, Vol.46, pp. B238-B244, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/46.6.B238
  23. L. A. Pastalan, R. K. Mantz, & J. Merrill. The simulation of age-related sensory losses: a new approach to the study of environmental barriers. In: Preiser, W. F. E., ed. Environment design research, 1. Stroudsberg, PA: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, pp. 383-390, 1973.
  24. D. G. Pitts. The effects of aging on selected visual functions: dark adaptaion, visual acuity, stereopsis, and brightness contrast. In: Sekular, R., Kline, D., Dismukes, K., eds. Modern aging research: aging and human visual function. New York: Alan, R. & Liss, pp. 131-160, 1982.
  25. A. E. Patla, D. A. Winter, J. S. Frank, & S. E. Walt. Identification of age-related changes in the balance-control system. In: Duncan, P., ed. Balance: Proceedings of the APTA Forum, Alexandria, VA: APTA, pp. 43-45, 1990.
  26. S. Y. An, M. J. Kwon, & O. Y. Kwon, Motor Control: Theory and Practical Application(2nd). pp. 276, Young-Moon Publishing company, 2006.