Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회지)

Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Variation Characteristics of TSP Ionic Compositions by Meteorological Phenomena in Jeju Island

기상현상에 따른 제주지역 TSP의 이온조성 변화 특성

  • Ko, Hee-Jung (Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kim, Won-Hyung (Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Hoon (Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University) ;
  • Bu, Jun-Oh (Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kang, Chang-Hee (Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University) ;
  • Hu, Chul-Goo (Department of Environmental Engineering, Jeju National University)
  • Received : 2011.08.30
  • Accepted : 2011.12.13
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The ionic compositions were analyzed from the TSP samples collected at Gosan site in Jeju Island between 2000 and 2008, in order to examine the characteristics of atmospheric aerosols in accordance with the meteorological conditions. For the Asian Dust influence on the ionic compositions, the concentration ratios of $NH_4{^+}$, nss-${SO_4}^{2-}$, $NO_3{^-}$, and $K^+$ were about 1.2~2.3 during Asian Dust over Non-Asian Dust periods, noticeably that of nss-$Ca^{2+}$ was 6.8. Meanwhile the concentrations of nss-${SO_4}^{2-}$, $NO_3{^-}$, and $NH_4{^+}$ have increased as 1.8~4.4 times during the haze event periods, and 1.0~1.6 times during the fog and mist events. The ion balance has resulted that the anionic concentrations are relatively lower than the cationic concentrations, and the discrepancy appears more decidedly as a strong Asian Dust effect. The ammonium ion balance has shown that it exists as a mixture of $NH_4HSO_4$ and $(NH_4)_2SO_4$. The concentration ratios of nss-${SO_4}^{2-}/NO_3{^-}$ for Asian Dust, haze, fog-mist, and non-event periods were respectively 1.8, 5.9, 4.6, and 2.9, which were higher values compared to those in urban areas of China as well as other domestic regions. Especially, the high ratios of sulfur oxides could be presumed by the fact that the longrange transport of air pollutants from Asia continent might affect the atmospheric aerosols of Jeju Island.

Keywords

References

  1. 기상청(2002) 지상기상관측지침, 245 pp. (http://www.kma.go.kr/index.jsp).
  2. 기상청(2011) 황사업무/일반현황 (http://web.kma.go.kr/aboutkma/biz/asiandust 02.jsp).
  3. 전영신 (2011) 2010년 황사 보고서(2011. 3. 25 보도자료), 기상청.
  4. 추장민, 정회성, 강광규, 유난미, 김미숙 (2003) 동북아지역의 황사 피해 분석 및 피해저감을 위한 지역 협력방안 I (RE-01), 한국환경정책평가연구원, 177-180.
  5. Arimoto, R., R.A. Duce, D.L. Savoie, J.M. Prospero, R. Talbot, J.D. Cullen, U. Tomza, N.F. Lewis, and B.J. Ray (1996) Relationships among aerosol constituents from Asia and the North Pacific during PEM-West A, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D1), 2011-2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/95JD01071
  6. Choi, G.H., K.H. Kim, C.H. Kang, and J.H. Lee (2003) The influence of the Asian dust on the metallic composition of fine and coarse particle fractions, J. KOSAE, 19(1), 45-56.
  7. Chun, Y.S., J.Y. Kim, J.C. Choi, K.O. Boo, S.N. Oh, and M.H. Lee (2001) Characteristic number size distribution of aerosol during Asian dust period in Korea, Atmospheric Environment, 35(15), 2715-2721. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00404-0
  8. Chun, Y.S., J.Y. Lim, and B.C. Choi (2003) The features of aerosol in Seoul by Asian dust and haze during springtime from 1998 to 2002, Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 39(4), 459-474.
  9. Fang, G.C., C.N. Chang, Y.S. Wu, S.C. Lu, P.P.C. Fu, S.C. Chang, C.D. Cheng, and W.H. Yuen (2002) Concentration of atmospheric particulates during a dust storm period in central Taiwan, Taichung, The Science of the Total Environment, 287(1-2), 141-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00996-2
  10. Ho, K.F., S.C. Lee, C.K. Chan, J.C. Yu, J.C. Chow, and X.H. Yao (2003) Characterization of chemical species in $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ aerosols in Hong-Kong, Atmospheric Environment, 37(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00804-X
  11. Husar, R.B., D.M. Tratt, B.A. Schichtel, S.R. Falke, F. Li, D. Jaffe, S. Gasso, T. Gill, N.S. Laulainen, F. Lu, M.C. Reheis, Y. Chun, D. Westphal, B.N. Holben, C. Gueymard, I. McKendry, N. Kuring, G.C. Feldman, C. McClain, R.J. Frouin, J. Merrill, D. DuBois, F. Vignola, T. Murayama, S. Nickovic, W.E. Wilson, K. Sassen, N. Sugimoto, and W.C. Malm (2001) Asian dust event of April 1998, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106(D16), 18317-18331. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900788
  12. IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp.
  13. Kang, C.H., W.H. Kim, H.J. Ko, and S.B. Hong (2009) Asian Dust effects on Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) compositions at Gosan in Jeju Island, Korea, Atmospheric Research, 94(2), 345-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.06.013
  14. Kim, N.K., Y.P. Kim, C.H. Kang, and K.C. Moon (2004) Characteristics of nitrate concentration measured at Gosan: measurement data of $PM_{2.5}$ and TSP between 1998 and 2002, J. KOSAE, 20(1), 119-128.
  15. Kim, S.Y. and S.H. Lee (2009) The study on occurrence of Asian dust and their controlling factors in Korea, Journal of the Korean Geographical Society, 44(6), 675-690.
  16. Ko, H.J., C.H. Kang, W.H. Kim, S.B. Lee, and H.S. Kang (2010) Long-term variation of ionic constituent concentrations in TSP at Jeju Island, J. KOSAE, 26(4), 420-431. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2010.26.4.420
  17. Koutrakis, P., M. Kimberly, M. Thompson, J.M. Wolfson, and J.D. Spengler (1992) Determination of aerosol strong acidity losses due to interactions of collected particles: Results from laboratory and field studies, Atmospheric Environment, 26A(6), 987-995.
  18. Lai, S.C., S.C. Zou, J.J. Cao, S.C. Lee, and K.F. Ho (2007) Characterizing ionic species in PM2.5 and PM10 in four Pearl River Delta cities, South China, Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19(8), 939-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(07)60155-7
  19. Lee, B.K., Y.H. Kim, J.Y. Ha, and D.S. Lee (2005) Development of an automated and continuous analysis system for PM2.5 and chemical characterization of the PM2.5 in the atmosphere at Seoul, J. KOSAE, 21(4), 439-458.
  20. Lee, H.Y., S.B. Kim, S.M. Kim, S.J. Song, and Y.S. Chun (2011) The aerosol characteristics in coexistence of Asian dust and haze during 15-17 March, 2009 in Seoul, J. KOSAE, 27(2), 168-180. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2011.27.2.168
  21. Lee, J.H., Y.P. Kim, K.C. Moon, H.K. Kim, and C.B. Lee (2001) Fine particle measurements at two background sites in Korea between 1996 and 1997, Atmospheric Environment, 35(4), 635-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00378-2
  22. Moon, K.J., J.S. Han, B.J. Kong, M.D. Lee, and I.R. Jung (2005) Characteristics of chemical species in gaseous and aerosol phase measured at Gosan, Korea during ABC- EAREX 2005, J. KOSAE, 21(6), 675-687.
  23. Park, J.Y. and H.J. Lim (2006) Characteristics of water soluble ions in fine particles during the winter and spring in Deagu, J. KOSAE, 22(5), 627-641.
  24. Park, M.H., Y.P. Kim, and C.H. Kang (2003) Aerosol composition change due to dust storm: Measurements between 1992 and 1999 at Gosan, Korea, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus, 3(2), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023278104910
  25. Park, S.S. and Y.J. Kim (2004) PM2.5 particles and size-segregated ionic species measured during fall season in three urban sites in Korea, Atmospheric Environment, 38(10), 1459-1471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.12.004
  26. Ro, C.U., K.Y. Oh, H.K. Kim, Y.S. Chun, J. Osan, J. Hoog, and R. Grieken (2001) Chemical speciation of individual atmospheric particles using low-Z electron probe X-ray microanalysis: characterizing "Asian Dust" deposited with rainwater in Seoul, Korea, Atmospheric Environment, 35(29), 4995-5005. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00287-4
  27. Robarge, W.P., J.T. Walker, R.B. McCullonch, and G. Murry (2002) Atmospheric concentrations of ammonia at an agricultural site in the Southeast United States, Atmospheric Environment, 36(10), 1661-1674. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00171-1
  28. Shin, E.S., M.K. Choi, Y. Sunwoo, and Y.S. Chung (2002) Trace elements characterization of $PM_{10}$ in Seoul area, J. KOSAE, 18(5), 363-372.
  29. Wang, Y., G. Zhuang, A. Tang, H. Yuan, Y. Sun, S. Chen, and A. Zheng (2005b) The ion chemistry and the source of $PM_{2.5}$ aerosol in Beiling, Atmospheric Environment, 39(21), 3771-3784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.03.013
  30. Wang, Y., G. Zhuang, X. Zhang, K. Huang, C. Xu, A. Tang, J. Chen, and Z. An (2006) The ion chemistry, seasonal cycle, and sources of $PM_{2.5}$ and TSP aersol in Shanghai, Atmospheric Environment, 40(16), 2935-2952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.12.051
  31. Wang, Y., G. Zhuang, Y. Sun, and Z. An (2005a) Water-soluble part of the aerosol in the dust storm season-evidence of the mixing between mineral and pollution aerosols, Atmospheric Environment, 39(37), 7020-7029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.005
  32. Wang, X., Z. Dong, J. Zhang, and L. Liu (2004) Modern dust storms in China: an overview, Journal of Arid Environments, 58(4), 559-574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2003.11.009
  33. Xiao, Y.Z. (1998) A Core Project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, 6-10.
  34. Xuan, J. and I.N. Sokolik (2002) Characterization of sources and emission rates of mineral dust in Northern China, Atmospheric Environment, 36(131), 4863-4876. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00585-X
  35. Zhang, D. (1995) Paleoclimate and environmental records available from Chinese historical documents. In T. Mikami, E. Matsumoto, S. Ohata, and T. Sweda (Eds), Paleoclimate and Environmental Variability in Austral-Asian Transect during the Past 2000 years. Nagoya University. Japan, 20-26.