Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

The Korean Electrochemical Society (한국전기화학회)
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Structuring of Bulk Silicon Particles for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

  • Bang, Byoung-Man (Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Jung (Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)) ;
  • Park, Soo-Jin (Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST))
  • Received : 2011.09.03
  • Accepted : 2011.09.17
  • Published : 2011.09.30
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Abstract

We report a simple route for synthesizing multi-dimensional structured silicon anode materials from commercially available bulk silicon powders via metal-assisted chemical etching process. In the first step, silver catalyst was deposited onto the surface of bulk silicon via a galvanic displacement reaction. Next, the silver-decorated silicon particles were chemically etched in a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide to make multi-dimensional silicon consisting of one-dimensional silicon nanowires and micro-scale silicon cores. As-synthesized silicon particles were coated with a carbon via thermal decomposition of acetylene gas. The carbon-coated multi-dimensional silicon anodes exhibited excellent electrochemical properties, including a high specific capacity (1800 mAh/g), a stable cycling retention (cycling retention of 89% after 20 cycles), and a high rate capability (71% at 3 C rate, compared to 0.1 C rate). This process is a simple and mass-productive (yield of 40-50%), thus opens up an effective route to make a high-performance silicon anode materials for lithiumion batteries.

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