Radiological Features of Soft Tissue Calcification: A Pictorial Essay

연부조직 석회화 병변의 특징적 영상소견: 임상화보

  • Lee, Yeon-Soo (Department of Radiology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 이연수 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 대전성모병원 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2010.05.14
  • Accepted : 2010.06.28
  • Published : 2010.09.01

Abstract

Calcification of soft tissue may represent a nonspecific local response or be a manifestation of underlying disease. The diagnosis and principle of treatment varies depending on the characteristics of the calcified lesions. Soft tissue calcification is classified by mechanism into 3 types: metastatic calcifications, calcinosis, and dystrophic calcifications. However, classification according to the site and shape of calcification may be more helpful for a clinical diagnosis. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to classify soft tissue calcifications according to their location: vessel, periarticular, joint capsule, tendon, bursa, cartilage, ligament, and in tumors, as well as to document the characteristic radiological findings and causes of calcifications.

연부조직의 석회화는 비특이적인 국소 반응에 의해 보일 수 있으나 근본적인 질환의 원인을 나타낼 수 있다. 이러한 석회화를 이루는 병변의 특성에 따라 환자의 진단 및 치료의 방향이 달라진다. 그 생성 기전에 따라 연부조직의 석회화는 전이 석회화, 석회증, 이영양성 석회화로 분류된다. 그러나 방사선학적 영상에서는 이들의 형성부위 및 모양에 의한 분류가 더 진단에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 이 임상화보에서는 연부조직에 석회화를 보일 경우, 그 발생 부위를 중심으로 혈관, 관절 주위, 관절피막, 힘줄, 점액낭, 연골, 인대, 종양 내의 석회화로 나누어, 그 원인과 특징적인 방사선학적 소견을 서술하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Gartner L, Pearce CJ, Saifuddin A. The role of the plain radiograph in the characterisation of soft tissue tumours. Skeletal Radiol 2009; 38:549-558 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-008-0513-9
  2. Resnick D. Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2002:4635-4665
  3. Hussmann J, Russell RC, Kucan JO, Khardori R, Steinau HU. Soft tissue calcifications: differential diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. Ann Plast Sur 1995;34:138-147 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199502000-00005
  4. Boulman N, Slobodin G, Rozenbaum M, Rosner I. Calcinosis in rheumatic disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2005;34:805-812 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2005.01.016
  5. Jevtic V. Imaging of renal osteodystrophy. Eur J Radiol 2003:46:85-95 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0720-048X(03)00072-X
  6. Jung CB, Gentili A, Chew FS. Calcific tendinosis and periarthritis. Classic magnetic resonance imaging appearance and associated findings. J Comput Assit Tomogr 2004;28:390-396 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004728-200405000-00015
  7. Saffar P. Chondrocalcinosis of the wrist. J Hand Surg Br 2004;29: 486-493 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2004.02.013
  8. Resnick D. Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease. In Resnick D. Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2002:1564-1565
  9. Smack D, Norton SA, Fitzpatrick JE. Proposal for a pathogenesis-based classification of tumoral calcinosis. Int J Dermatol 1996;36: 265-271
  10. Kransdorf MJ, Murphey MD. Imaging of soft tissue tumors. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1997:103-118
  11. Kransdorf MJ, Murphey MD. Imaging of soft tissue tumors. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006:80-149
  12. Kind M, Stock N, Coindre JM. Histology and imaging of soft tissue sarcomas. Eur J Radiol 2009;72:6-15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.05.023
  13. Kransdorf MJ, Murphey MD. Imaging of soft tissue tumors. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006:457-460