Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (한국산업보건학회지)

Korean Industrial Hygiene Association (한국산업보건학회)
권호 표지

A Comparison on the Characteristics of Benzene Exposure between the Coal chemical and Petrochemical refining method during Turnaround

석유 및 석탄화학의 대보수작업중 벤젠노출 특성 비교

  • Chung, Eun-Kyo (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Yu, Gye-Muk (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Shin, Jung-Ah (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Kwon, Ji-Woon (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Hee (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Chung, Kwang-Jae (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Han (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Lee, In-Seop (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Kang, Seong-Kyu (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Ryu, Hyang-Woo (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Kim, Young-Sun (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Lee, Byung-Kyu (Busan regional hdqrs, KOSHA) ;
  • Jang, Jae-Kil (Industrial Safety Training Institute, KOSHA) ;
  • Kim, Won (Wonjin Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Man (Dong-A University)
  • 정은교 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 유계묵 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 신정아 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 권지운 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 박현희 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 정광재 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • ;
  • 이인섭 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 강성규 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 류향우 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 김영선 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 이병규 (한국산업안전보건공단 부산지역본부) ;
  • 장재길 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건교육원) ;
  • 김원 (원진노동환경건강연구소) ;
  • 김정만 (동아대학교 의과대학)
  • Received : 2010.04.29
  • Accepted : 2010.07.02
  • Published : 2010.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the benzene exposure levels in coal chemical and petrochemical refining industries during BTX turnaround (TA) processes where benzene was being produced. Three companies producing benzene were selected, one coal chemical and two petrochemical industries. TA processes were classified into three stages: shut down, maintenance, and start up. Data was analyzed by classifying the refining method into 2 groups (Petrochemistry, Coal chemistry) for 823 workers. Comparing the data from petrochemical industries with data from a coal chemical refining industry, while benzene concentration levels of long-term samples during TA were not statistically different (p> 0.05), those levels of short-term samples were significantly different (p< 0.001). About 4.79 % of data in petrochemical industries exceed the occupational exposure limits (OELs) of benzene, 1 ppm. In a coal refining methods, about 15.7% exceeded the benzene OELs. The benzene concentrations in maintenance and start up stage of TA for petrochemical refineries were higher than those in a coal chemical refinery (p <0.01). These findings suggest that the coal chemical refining site requires more stringent work practice controls compare to petrochemical refining sites during TA processes. Personal protective equipments including organic respirators should be used by TA workers to protect them from benzene overexposure.

Keywords

References

  1. 고동희, 정은교, 장재길, 유계묵, 이혜은 등, 여수광양산단 역학조사 결과보고서, 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원, 2010.
  2. 최상준, 원유정제업 작업자들의 유기용제 노출특성에 관한 연구, 박사학위논문, 서울대학교 보건대학원, 2003.
  3. 유장진, 정지연, 이광용, 박승현, 화학공장의 정상 및 보수 작업시 벤젠 노출실태 및 노출저감방안, HHE 보고서 (DHHR-RHE-03-11), 2003.
  4. 최상준, 김원, 플랜트 건설 건설근로자의 건강보호를 위한 제도적 연구, 산업안전보건연구원 연구보고서, 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원, 2008.
  5. 노동부, 화학물질 및 물리적인자 노출기준(고시 제2007-25호), 노동부, 2008.
  6. 노동부, 작업환경측정 및 정도관리규정(고시 제2009-3호). 노동부, 2009.
  7. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) .Documentation of the TLVs? and BEIs? with Other Worldwide Occupational Exposure Values. 2007.
  8. M. Molyneu, D. Bonte, P. De Wilde, J. Ilinyi, T. Kaitale, et al., Management of occupational health risks during refinery turnarounds, CONCAWE's Health Management, CONCAWE Brussels, 2000.
  9. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH). A NIOSH Technical Report - Guidelines for Air Sampling and Analytical Method Development and Evaluation. DHHS Publication. Cincinnati. Ohio NIOSH, 1995.
  10. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Method. 4th ed., NIOSH, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1994.
  11. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) .Threshold Limit Values(TLVs) for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices(BEIs). 2009.
  12. Harris, R.L., Cralley, L.J. Cralley, L.V., Patty's industrial hygiene and toxicology, Vol.III, Par A, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1994.
  13. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute(OSHRI), Evaluation of occupational exposure to benzene in petroleum refinery, OSHRI research report, KOSHA, 2000.
  14. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute(OSHRI), Epidemiologic investigation of occupational exposure to benzene in petrochemical industries, OSHRI research report, KOSHA, 2003.
  15. Spear R.C., et al., Benzene exposure in the petroleum refining industry, Appl.Ind.Hyg.2, 1987. https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1987.10390543
  16. D.C.Glass, C.N.Gray, Estimating Mean Exposures from Censored Data:Exposure to Benzene in the Australian Petroleum Industry, Ann. occup. Hyg., Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 275?282, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4878(01)00022-9