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A Case of Non-secretory Myeloma with Crystal-storing Histiocytosis

  • Park, Soon-Ho (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Ahn, Jeong-Yeal (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Seo, Yiel-Hea (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Park, Pil-Hwan (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Hee (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Song, Young-Hee (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Jeong, Ji-Hun (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital)
  • Received : 2010.01.25
  • Accepted : 2010.09.15
  • Published : 2010.12.01

Abstract

Crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare event observed in association with lymphoproliferative diseases, and mainly occurrs in plasma cell dyscrasias. It is presumed to be an intra-lysosomal accumulation of the secreted paraproteins. Crystal formation can be seen inside histiocyte-like cells with phagocytosed crystalline inclusions in the bone marrow and extramedullary sites. CSH is a rare morphological entity with poor prognostic implications and may be confused with Gaucher or pseudo-Gaucher cells. Herein we report a case of non-secretory myeloma associated with CSH showing a poor clinical course. A 79-yr-old male presenting with dizziness was evaluated in hematology department for anemia. Laboratory tests revealed Hb of 4.9 g/dL and ${\beta}2$-microglobulin of 21,000 ng/mL (reference range, 0-370). Presence of monoclonal protein was not detected on protein electrophoresis and immunofixation in serum and urine. However, serum free light chain assay showed an increased kappa-light chain level of 126 mg/L (reference range, 3.3-19.4) resulting in an increased kappa/lambda ratio. The bone marrow touch print showed numerous plasma cells and crystal-laden histiocytes and immunohistochemical stainings on bone marrow biopsy revealed positivity for CD38, CD56 and kappa in the plasma cells and CD68 and kappa in crystal-laden histiocytes.

결정저장조직구증(crystal-storing histiocytosis, CSH)은 림프세포증식질환과 동반되는 매우 드문 질환이며 주로 형질세포 질환에서 나타난다. 분비된 파라단백이 용해소체 내에 침착하여 결정 형성이 되고, 이는 골수나 골수 외 조직에서 탐식된 결정을 포함하고 있는 조직구양세포형태로 관찰된다. 결정저장 조직구증은 불량한 예후를 나타내는 드문 형태학적 질환으로 고셰세포나 거짓고셰세포로 오인될 수 있다. 저자들은 불량한 예후의 CSH 동반 비분비골수종의 한 증례를 보고하고자 한다. 어지러움을 호소한 79세 남자가 혈액종양내과에서 빈혈원인 검사를 시행하였다. 검사 결과는 혈색소 4.9 g/L이며, ${\beta}2$-microglobulin 21,000 ng/mL (참고치 0-370)이었다. 혈청과 소변에서 시행한 단백전기영동검사와 면역고정전기영동검사상 M-단백은 관찰할 수 없었다. 그러나, 혈청유리경쇄검사에서 kappa 값이 126 mg/L (참고치 3.3-19.4)로 증가되어 그 결과 ${\kappa}/{\lambda}$비가 증가되었다. 골수생검 touch print 검경에서 다수의 형질세포와 결정저장조직구가 관찰되었고, 골수생검조직에 시행한 면역조직화학검사에서 형질세포는 CD38, CD56, kappa 양성이고 결정저장조직구는 CD68, kappa 양성이었다.

Keywords

References

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