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Determination of Urinary Iodine Concentration by Inductively Coupled Plasma-mass Spectrometry in Thyroid Cancer Patients on Low-iodine Diet

  • Lee, Ji-Hyun (Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Ji, Ok-Ja (Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Min-Jung (Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Hyung-Doo (Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Kyung (Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Wook (Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Jae-Hoon (Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Soo-Youn (Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2010.01.18
  • Accepted : 2010.07.19
  • Published : 2010.08.31

Abstract

Background : Thyroid cancer patients should be on low-iodine diet (LID) before radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) to maximize the effect of RAIT. Urinary iodine excretion is the most accurate marker of very recent dietary iodine intake. We developed and evaluated the analytical performance of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine urinary iodine concentration. Methods : We evaluated the linearity, precision, accuracy, and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of an ICP-MS method (Agilent 7500ce) to determine urinary iodine concentration in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. This method was used to determine and compare the iodine concentration in random urine samples of 120 thyroid cancer patients on LID for 1 week and 80 healthy adults on normal diet. Results : Our ICP-MS method showed good linearity (1.0-1,913 ${\mu}g$/L; $R^2$ > 0.999). Both intra-day and inter-day precision CV were within 20% for the LLOQ (1 ${\mu}g$/L) and within 15% for the other concentrations. Accuracy was 110-120% for the LLOQ and 95-115% for the other concentrations. The median concentration of iodine in random urine samples from thyroid cancer patients on LID (38.7 ${\mu}g$/L) was significantly lower than that of healthy subjects (238.8 ${\mu}g$/L) (P<0.0001). Conclusions : Urinary iodine analysis by ICP-MS showed good linearity, precision, accuracy, wide measuring range of detection, and lower LLOQ. This method will be very useful to evaluate the status of dietary iodine intake and the appropriateness of LID in thyroid cancer patients, thereby maximizing the effect of RAIT.

배경 : 갑상선암의 치료에 이용되는 방사성 요오드(I)의 섭취 효율을 높이기 위해서는 일정 기간 I 제한 식이를 해야 한다. 최근 I 섭취 및 영양상태 평가에 있어서 소변 내 I 농도 측정이 가장 정확한 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 유도결합 플라즈마 질량분석기(ICP-MS)를 이용한 소변 내 I 농도 분석법을 수립하고 그 분석능을 평가하였다. 방법 : 소변 내 I 분석법 수립을 위하여 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)의 bioanalytical method validation 가이드라인에 따라 ICP-MS (Agilent 7500ce, Agilent Technologies, Inc., Japan)의 직선성 및 정밀성, 정확성, 최저 정량한계 등을 평가하였다. 이 분석법으로 1주일간 I 제한 식이를 시행한 성인 갑상선암 환자 120명의 무작위 소변 검체에서 I 농도를 측정하여 정상 식이 중인 성인 80명의 측정 결과와 비교하였다. 결과 : 측정 범위 구간 1-1,913 ${\mu}g$/L에서의 직선성 확인 결과, 결정계수($R^2$)는 0.999 이상으로 우수하였다. 일 중 및 일간 정밀도 변이계수는 최저 정량한계(1 ${\mu}g$/L)에서 20% 이내였으며, 그 외 농도에서 15% 이내로 확인되었다. 정확도는 최저 정량한계에서 110-120%, 그 외 농도에서 95-115% 사이로 확인되었다. 소변 내 I 농도의 중앙값은 정상 성인 대조군(238.8 ${\mu}g$/L)에 비해 1주일간 I 제한 식이를 시행한 성인 갑상선암 환자군(38.7 ${\mu}g$/L)에서 유의하게 낮은 결과를 보였다(P<0.0001). 결론 : ICP-MS를 이용한 소변 내 I 농도 분석 결과, 직선성과 정밀성, 정확성 모두 우수하였으며 측정 범위가 넓고 검출한계가 낮다는 장점을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 검사법은 방사성 I 치료를 위해 I 제한 식이를 해야 하는 갑상선암 환자의 최근 I 섭취 상태를 정확히 평가함으로써 치료 효과를 높이는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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