References
- Leighton JA, Wallace MB. Update on small bowel imaging. Gastroenterology 2007;132:1651-1654. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.084
- Descamps C, Schmit A, Van Gossum A. "Missed" upper gastrointestinal tract lesions may explain "occult" bleeding. Endoscopy 1999;31:452-455. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-1999-151
- Kitiyakara T, Selby W. Non-small-bowel lesions detected by capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2005;62:234-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(05)00292-0
- Fry LC, Bellutti M, Neumann H, Malfertheiner P, Monkemuller K. Incidence of bleeding lesions within reach of conventional upper and lower endoscopes in patients undergoing double-balloon enteroscopy for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009;29:342-349. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03888.x
- Chak A, Koehler MK, Sundaram SN, Cooper GS, Canto MI, Sivak MV Jr. Diagnostic and therapeutic impact of push enteroscopy: analysis of factors associated with positive findings. Gastrointest Endosc 1998;47:18-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70293-7
- May A, Nachbar L, Schneider M, Ell C. Prospective comparison of push enteroscopy and push-and-pull enteroscopy in patients with suspected small-bowel bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101:2016-2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00745.x
- de Leusse A, Vahedi K, Edery J, et al. Capsule endoscopy or push enteroscopy for first-line exploration of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding? Gastroenterology 2007;132:855-862. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.002
- Lara LF, Bloomfeld RS, Pineau BC. The rate of lesions found within reach of esophagogastroduodenoscopy during push enteroscopy depends on the type of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy 2005;37:745-750. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-825953
- Vakil N, Huilgol V, Khan I. Effect of push enteroscopy on transfusion requirements and quality of life in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92:425-428.
- Zaman A, Sheppard B, Katon RM. Total peroral intraoperative enteroscopy for obscure GI bleeding using a dedicated push enteroscope: diagnostic yield and patient outcome. Gastrointest Endosc 1999;50:506-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70073-8
- Douard R, Wind P, Panis Y, et al. Intraoperative enteroscopy for diagnosis and management of unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Surg 2000;180:181-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9610(00)00447-5
- Douard R, Wind P, Berger A, et al. Role of intraoperative enteroscopy in the management of obscure gastointestinal bleeding at the time of video-capsule endoscopy. Am J Surg 2009;198:6-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.06.036
- Apostolopoulos P, Liatsos C, Gralnek IM, et al. Evaluation of capsule endoscopy in active, mild-to-moderate, overt, obscure GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2007;66:1174-1181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2007.06.058
- Raju GS, Gerson L, Das A, et al. American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute technical review on obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2007;133:1697-1717. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2007.06.007
- Pennazio M. Bleeding update. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2006;16:251-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giec.2006.01.018
- Pennazio M, Santucci R, Rondonotti E, et al. Outcome of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after capsule endoscopy: report of 100 consecutive cases. Gastroenterology 2004;126:643-653. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2003.11.057
- Carey EJ, Leighton JA, Heigh RI, et al. A single-center experience of 260 consecutive patients undergoing capsule endoscopy for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:89-95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00941.x
- Hartmann D, Schmidt H, Bolz G, et al. A prospective two-center study comparing wireless capsule endoscopy with intraoperative enteroscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2005;61:826-832. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(05)00372-X
- Saurin JC, Delvaux M, Vahedi K, et al. Clinical impact of capsule endoscopy compared to push enteroscopy: 1-year follow-up study. Endoscopy 2005;37:318-323. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-861114
- Triester SL, Leighton JA, Leontiadis GI, et al. A meta-analysis of the yield of capsule endoscopy compared to other diagnostic modalities in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 2005;100:2407-2418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00274.x
- Saperas E, Dot J, Videla S, et al. Capsule endoscopy versus computed tomographic or standard angiography for the diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:731-737. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01058.x
- Pasha SF, Leighton JA, Das A, et al. Double-balloon enteroscopy and capsule endoscopy have comparable diagnostic yield in small-bowel disease: a meta-analysis. in Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;6:671-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2008.01.005
- Ahmad NA, Iqbal N, Joyce A. Clinical impact of capsule endoscopy on management of gastrointestinal disorders. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;6:433-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2007.12.035
- Toy E, Rojany M, Sheikh R, Mann S, Prindiville T. Capsule endoscopy's impact on clinical management and outcomes: a single-center experience with 145 patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:3022-3028. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.02154.x
- Hindryckx P, Botelberge T, De Vos M, De Looze D. Clinical impact of capsule endoscopy on further strategy and long-term clinical outcome in patients with obscure bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2008;68:98-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2007.09.042
- Macdonald J, Porter V, McNamara D. Negative capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding predicts low rebleeding rates. Gastrointest Endosc 2008;68:1122-1127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2008.06.054
- Lai LH, Wong GL, Chow DK, Lau JY, Sung JJ, Leung WK. Long-term follow-up of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after negative capsule endoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101:1224-1228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00565.x
- Viazis N, Papaxoinis K, Vlachogiannakos J, Efthymiou A, Theodoropoulos I, Karamanolis DG. Is there a role for second-look capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding after a nondiagnostic first test? Gastrointest Endosc 2009;69:850-856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2008.05.053
- Bar-Meir S, Eliakim R, Nadler M, et al. Second capsule endoscopy for patients with severe iron deficiency anemia. Gastrointest Endosc 2004;60:711-713. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(04)02051-6
- Semrad CE. Small bowel enteroscopy: territory conquered, future horizons. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2009;25:110-115. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOG.0b013e3283260916
- Zhi FC, Yue H, Jiang B, et al. Diagnostic value of double balloon enteroscopy for small-intestinal disease: experience from China. Gastrointest Endosc 2007;66(suppl 3):19S-21S. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2007.03.1047
- Zhong J, Ma T, Zhang C, et al. A retrospective study of the application on double-balloon enteroscopy in 378 patients with suspected small-bowel diseases. Endoscopy 2007;39:208-215. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-966190
- Arakawa D, Ohmiya N, Nakamura M, et al. Outcome after enteroscopy for patients with obscure GI bleeding: diagnostic comparison between double-balloon endoscopy and videocapsule endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2009;69:866-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2008.06.008
- Mehdizadeh S, Ross A, Gerson L, et al. What is the learning curve associated with double-balloon enteroscopy? Technical details and early experience in 6 U.S. tertiary care centers. Gastrointest Endosc 2006;64:740-750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2006.05.022
- Manabe N, Tanaka S, Fukumoto A, Nakao M, Kamino D, Chayama K. Double-balloon enteroscopy in patients with GI bleeding of obscure origin. Gastrointest Endosc 2006;64:135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2005.12.020
- Madisch A, Schmolders J, Bruckner S, Aust D, Miehlke S. Less favorable clinical outcome after diagnostic and interventional double balloon enteroscopy in patients with suspected small-bowel bleeding? Endoscopy 2008;40:731-734. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1077521
- Chen X, Ran ZH, Tong JL. A meta-analysis of the yield of capsule endoscopy compared to double-balloon enteroscopy in patients with small bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:4372-4378. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v13.i32.4372
- Kaffes AJ, Siah C, Koo JH. Clinical outcomes after double-balloon enteroscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding and a positive capsule endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2007;66:304-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2007.02.044
- Sun B, Rajan E, Cheng S, et al. Diagnostic yield and therapeutic impact of double-balloon enteroscopy in a large cohort of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101:2011-2015. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00664.x
- Fujimori S, Seo T, Gudis K, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding using combined capsule endoscopy and double balloon endoscopy: 1-year follow-up study. Endoscopy 2007;39:1053-1058. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967014
- Gay G, Delvaux M, Fassler I. Outcome of capsule endoscopy in determining indication and route for push-and-pull enteroscopy. Endoscopy 2006;38:49-58. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-921176
- Gerson LB, Flodin JT, Miyabayashi K. Balloon-assisted enteroscopy: technology and troubleshooting. Gastrointest Endosc 2008;68:1158-1167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2008.08.012
- Mensink PB, Haringsma J, Kucharzik T, et al. Complications of double balloon enteroscopy: a multicenter survey. Endoscopy 2007;39:613-615. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-966444
- May A, Nachbar L, Pohl J, Ell C. Endoscopic interventions in the small bowel using double balloon enteroscopy: feasibility and limitations. Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:527-535. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01063.x
- Gerson LB, Tokar J, Chiorean M, et al. Complications associated with double balloon enteroscopy at nine US centers. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009;7:1177-1182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2009.07.005
- ASGE Standards of Practice Committee. Fisher L, Lee Krinsky M, et al. The role of endoscopy in the management of obscure GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2010;72:471-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2010.04.032
- Kim DH, Byeon JS, Lee SK, et al. Usefulness of double balloon endoscopy in patients with surgically distorted intestinal anatomy. J Clin Gastroenterol 2009;43:737-742. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0b013e31818dd925
- Leaper M, Johnston MJ, Barclay M, Dobbs BR, Frizelle FA. Reasons for failure to diagnose colorectal carcinoma at colonoscopy. Endoscopy 2004;36:499-503. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-814399
- Marmo R, Rotondano G, Casetti T, et al. Degree of concordance between double-balloon enteroscopy and capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: a multicenter study. Endoscopy 2009;41:587-592. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1214896