저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증 여성에서 보조생식술의 임신율

ART Outcomes in WHO Class I Anovulation: A Case-control Study

  • 한애라 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 박찬우 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 차선화 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 김혜옥 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 양광문 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 김진영 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 궁미경 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 강인수 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과) ;
  • 송인옥 (관동대학교 의과대학 제일병원 산부인과 불임생식내분비분과)
  • Han, Ae-Ra (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Park, Chan-Woo (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Cha, Sun-Wha (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Ok (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Yang, Kwang-Moon (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Young (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Koong, Mi-Kyoung (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Kang, Inn-Soo (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center) ;
  • Song, In-Ok (Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center)
  • 발행 : 2010.03.31

초록

목 적: 저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증 환자에서 보조생식술의 임신 결과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증으로 진단받고 본원에서 보조생식술을 시행받은 23명을 연구군으로, 동일기간 난관요인으로 보조생식술을 시행받은 이들 중 연구군과 연령 및 체질량지수가 일치하는 120명의 여성을 대조군으로 설정하여, 이들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 열람하였다. 보조생식술 관련 여러 계측치 및 임신율, 유산율, 출산율 등을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 연구군의 평균 연령은 $32.7{\pm}3.3$세였고, 평균 체질량지수는 $21.0{\pm}3.2kg/m^2$였다. 생리주기 제 2~3일에 측정한 황체형성호르몬과 난포자극호르몬은 각각 $0.61{\pm}0.35$, $2.60{\pm}2.35$ mIU/ml였고, 에스트라디올은 $10.13{\pm}8.17$ pg/ml이었다. 난소자극 주기에서 사용된 생식샘자극호르몬의 총 양과 투여기간 및 hCG 투여일의 $E_2$ 수치는 연구군에서 유의하게 높았다. 보조생식술 방법에 따라 분석한 결과, 체외수정 및 배아이식 (IVF-ET) 주기에서는 연구군에서 자궁내막두께와 수정율, 출산율이 유의하게 낮았고, 유산율은 유의하게 높았으며, 그 외 난소자극 및 인공수정 (SO-IUI) 및 동결보존배아이식 (FET) 주기에서는 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론: 저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증 여성에서 생식샘자극호르몬 치료를 통한 전반적인 보조생식술의 임신율은 22.0%로 대조군의 그것과 유사하지만, 이를 위해서는 더 많은 용량의 호르몬이 필요하다. 연구군의 IVF-ET의 경우, 주기 중 현저하게 높은 $E_2$ 수치와 유의하게 얇은 자궁내막을 보이며, 더 높은 유산율과 더 낮은 생존출산율을 보여, 이의 극복을 위해 자궁내막 수용성 개선방안에 대한 연구가 추가로 필요하다.

Objective: To investigate assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in women with WHO class I anovulation compared with control group. Design: Retrospective case-control study. Methods: Twenty-three infertile women with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (H-H) who undertook ART procedure from August 2003 to January 2009 were enrolled in this study. A total of 59 cycles (H-H group) were included; Intra-uterine insemination with super-ovulation (SO-IUI, 32 cycles), in vitro fertilization with fresh embryo transfer (IVF-ET, 18 cycles) and subsequent frozenthawed embryo transfer (FET, 9 cycles). Age and BMI matched 146 cycles of infertile women were collected as control group; 64 cycles of unexplained infertile women for SO-IUI and 54 cycles of IVF-ET and 28 cycles of FET with tubal factor. We compared ART and pregnancy outcomes such as clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), clinical abortion rate (CAR), and live birth rate (LBR) between the two groups. Results: There was no difference in the mean age ($32.7{\pm}3.3$ vs. $32.6{\pm}2.7$ yrs) and BMI ($21.0{\pm}3.1$ vs. $20.8{\pm}3.1kg/m^2$) between two groups. Mean levels of basal LH, FSH, and $E_2$ in H-H group were $0.62{\pm}0.35$ mIU/ml, $2.60{\pm}2.30$ mIU/ml and $10.1{\pm}8.2$ pg/ml, respectively. For ovarian stimulation, H-H group needed higher total amount of gonadotropin injected and longer duration for ovarian stimulation (p<0.001). In SO-IUI cycles, there was no significant difference of CPR, CAR, and LBR between the two groups. In IVF-ET treatment, H-H group presented higher mean $E_2$ level on hCG day ($3104.8{\pm}1020.2$ pg/ml vs. $1878.3{\pm}1197.7$ pg/ml, p<0.001) with lower CPR (16.7 vs. 37.0%, p=0.11) and LBR (5.6 vs. 33.3%, p=0.02) and higher CAR (66.7 vs. 10.0%, p=0.02) compared with the control group. However, subsequent FET cycles showed no significant difference of CPR, CAR, and LBR between the two groups. Conclusion: H-H patients need higher dosage of gonadotropin and longer duration for ovarian stimulation compared with the control groups. Significantly poor pregnancy outcomes in IVF-ET cycles of H-H group may be due to detrimental endometrial factors caused by higher $E_2$ level and the absence of previous hormonal exposure on endometrium.

키워드

참고문헌

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