Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seroprevalence and Incidence of Toxoplasma gondii among Apparently Healthy and Visually or Hearing Disabled Children in Taiz City, Yemen

  • Saleh, Madha Mohammed Sheet (Department of Medical Laboratory Science Technology, College of Health and Medical Technology) ;
  • Al-Shamiri, Adam Hezam (Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University) ;
  • Qaed, Abeer Ahmed (Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University)
  • Received : 2009.08.27
  • Accepted : 2009.10.31
  • Published : 2010.03.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This cross sectional study was conducted in the city of Taiz, Yemen, during the period from August 2006 to August 2007 in order to investigate the seroprevalence and incidence of toxoplasmosis among apparently healthy children (AHC) and visually and/or hearing disabled children (DC). The seroprevalence was 16.0% among AHC compared to 32.5% among DC. The effect of gender was clear as the seroprevalence rate was significantly higher among females (18.3 and 43.8% for AHC and DC, respectively) than males (13.8 and 25% for AHC and DC, respectively). The seroprevalence was proportionally increased with the age, and the highest rates (20.9 and 53.0%) were reported among the oldest age group (> 10-14 years) for AHC and DC groups, respectively. The incidence rate was also higher (4.2%) in DC group compared to AHC group (2.4%) during 1 year period. These data indicate that the seroprevalence and incidence of toxoplasmosis are significantly higher in DC group than those of AHC group. We need to check further relationship between toxoplasmosis and visual and/or hearing disability.

Keywords

References

  1. Tenter AM, Heckeroth AR, Weiss LM. Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans. Int J Parasitol 2000; 30: 1217-1258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(00)00124-7
  2. Dubey JP, Hill DE, Jones JL, Hightower AW, Kirkland E, Roberts JM, Marcet PL, Lehmann T, Vianna MC, Miska K, Sreekumar C, Kwok OC, Shen SK, Gamble HR. Prevalence of viable Toxoplasma gondii in beef, chicken, and pork from retail meat stores in the United States: risk assessment to consumers. J Parasitol 2005; 91: 1082-1093. https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-683.1
  3. Lin YL, Liao YS, Liao LR, Chen FN, Kuo HM, He S. Seroprevalence and sources of Toxoplasma infection among indigenous and immigrant pregnant women in Taiwan. Parasitol Res 2008; published online Mar 8: 4-8.
  4. Weigel RM, Dubey JP, Dyer D, Siegel AM. Risk factors for infection with Toxoplasma gondii for residents and workers on swine farms in Illinois. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 60: 793-798. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.793
  5. Cook AJ, Gilbert RE, Buffolano W, Zufferey J, Petersen E, Jenum PA, Foulon W, Semprini AE, Dunn DT. Sources of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women: European multicentre case-control study. European Research Network on Congenital Toxoplasmosis. Br Med J 2000; 321: 142-147. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7254.142
  6. Roghmann MC, Faulkner CT, Lefkowitz A, Patton S, Zimmerman J, Morris Jr. Decreased seroprevalence for Toxoplasma gondii in seventh day adventists in Maryland. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 60: 790-792. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.790
  7. Dubey JP, Beattie CP. Toxoplasmosis in man (Homo sapiens). In Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man. Boca Raton, Florida, USA. CRC Press, Inc. 1988, pp 41-60.
  8. Dubey JP. Effect of freezing on the infectivity of Toxoplasma cysts to cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1974; 165: 534-536.
  9. Piper J, Wen T. Perinatal cytomegalovirus and toxoplasmosis: challenges of antepartum therapy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1999; 42: 81-94. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199903000-00014
  10. Langset M, Aandahl E, Omland T, Midtvedt T. The frequency of positive Toxoplasma dye test in children and adolescents with physical and mental handicaps. NIPH Ann 1978; 1: 13-19.
  11. Kook J, Lee HJ, Kim BI, Yun CK, Guk SM, Seo M, Park Y, Hong ST, Chai JY. Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in sera of children admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Korean J Parasitol 1999; 37: 27-32. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.27
  12. Lukasik-Czerek A. Congenital system in children in our 13-year observations. Klin Oczna (Poland) 1990; 92: 50-51.
  13. Francisco Fde M, de Souza SL, Gennari SM, Pinheiro SR, Muradian V, Soares RM. Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in a low-income community in the Sao Paulo Municipality, SP, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2006; 48: 167-170. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652006000300009
  14. Yacoub AAH, Bakr S, Hameed AM, Al-Thamery AAA, Fartoci MJ. Seroepidemiology of selected zoonotic infections in Basra region of Iraq. Eastern Mediterranean Health J 2006; 12, Nos 1/2.
  15. Mervyn RHT, Bernadette L, Celia VH, Mary C. Community study of Toxoplasma antibodies in urban and rural schoolchildren aged 4 to 18 years. Arch Dis Childhood 1997; 77: 406-409. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.77.5.406
  16. Jones J, Lopez A, Wilson M, Schulkin J, Gibbs R. Congenital toxoplasmosis: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2001 56: 296-305. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-200105000-00025
  17. Coelho RAL, Kobayashi M, Carvalho LB. Prevalence of IgG antibodies specific to Toxoplasma gondii among blood donors in Recife, Northeast Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 2003; 45: 229-231. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652003000400011
  18. Goldsmith RS, Kagan IG, Zarate R, Rayes-Gonzales, MA, Cedeno- Ferreira J. Low Toxoplasma antibody prevalence and serologic surveys of humans in southern Mexico. Arch Invest Med 1991; 22: 63-73.

Cited by

  1. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of latent toxoplasmosis on mothers and their offspring vol.27, pp.13, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.858685
  2. A community-based survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in rural areas of Taiz governorate, Yemen: the risk of waterborne transmission vol.6, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-017-0243-0