DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of the interplay between organizational and national cultures in an international university-industry collaboration for technology innovation and transfer

기술혁신과 기술이전을 위한 국제산학협력에서 조직문화와 국가문화 간의 상호작용 효과

  • Hwang, Kum-Ju (Department of Business Administration, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2010.05.04
  • Accepted : 2010.09.08
  • Published : 2010.09.30

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to understand how the interplay between organizational and national cultures affects the management of IUICs (International University-Industry Collaboration) devoted to technology innovation and transfer. This study presents two examples of IUIC drawn from a qualitative research method, both involving a British university and a Japanese company. The first case illustrates how different organizational practices (organizational culture), which are nested in the national culture (values), raise questions about the role of ethical boundaries in causing misunderstandings and the deterioration of UIC relationships. The second case demonstrates how long-term relationships and extensive interpersonal interactions can play a positive role in IUIC. Practical implications, the limitation of this study and further studies have been discussed.

본 논문은 조직문화와 국가문화 간의 상호작용이 기술혁신과 기술이전을 위한 국제산학협력 에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 논문은 질적 연구를 통해 영국대학과 일본기업들 간의 국제산학협력에 관한 두 가지 사례를 제시했다. 첫 번째 사례는 서로 다른 국가문화에 기반 한 가치가 특정한 조직행위를 형성했을 경우 윤리적 경계에 대한 문제가 발생하고 이는 오해를 초래하여 협력 당사자 간의 관계를 악화시킨다는 것을 보여 주었다. 두 번째 사례는 장기적인 관계와 인적교환프로그램을 통한 협력당사자 간의 심도 깊은 상호작용이 국제산학협력에 긍정적인 역할을 한다는 점을 보여주었다. 또한 본 논문은 실무적 함의와 이 연구의 한계점, 향후 연구에 대해 논의하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. H. Etzkowitz, and L. Leydesdorff, Universities and the global knowledge economy: a triple helix of university-industry-government relations, Printer, London and Washington, 1997.
  2. E. Adler, and M. Flemming, "The challenge of managing boundary-spanning research activities", Experiences from the Swedish Context, Vol. 38, No. 7, pp. 1136-1149, 2009.
  3. M. R. Cyert, and S. P. Goodman, "Creating effective university-industry alliances: an organizational learning perspective", Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 45-57, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-2616(97)90036-X
  4. 김종진 최종인, "산학협력 : 대학의 새로운 역할", 한국산학기술학회논문지, Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 461-467, 2005.
  5. 송건호, 이철규, 유왕진, 이동명, "산학협력이 중소벤처기업의 기술혁신성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구", 한국산학기술학회논문지 , Vol. 10, No. 11, pp. 3340-3353, 2009.
  6. L. L. Hench, From concept to commerce: the challenge of technology transfer in materials, MRS Bulletin, pp. 49-53, August, 1990.
  7. F. X. Gibbons, M. Heiweg-Larsen, and M. Gerrard, "Prevalence estimates and adolescent risk behavior: cross-cultural differences in social influence", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 80, No. 1, pp. 107-121, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.80.1.107
  8. I. Mackenzie, and R. Jones, University and industry: new opportunities from collaboration with UK universities and polytechnics, The Economist Publications Ltd, London, 1985.
  9. D. M. Waguespack, and J. K. Birnir, "Foreignness and the diffusion of ideas", Journal of Engineering &Technology Management, Vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 31-50, March-Jun, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2004.11.005
  10. E. Erno-Kjolhede, Managing collaborative research: unveiling the micro dynamics of the triple helix, Copenhagen School Press, Copenhagen, 2001.
  11. H. Etzkowitz, and L. Leydesdorff, "The dynamics of innovation: from national systems and 'mode 2' to a triple helix of university. industry. government relations", Research Policy, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.109-123, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00055-4
  12. M. Gibbons, L. Camile, H. Nowotny, S. Schwartsman, P. Scott, and M. Trow, The new production of knowledge, SAGE Publications ltd, London, 1994.
  13. H. Nowotny, P. Scott, and M. Gibbons, Re-thinking science: knowledge and the public in an age of uncertainty, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2001.
  14. E. Arnold, N. Brown, A. Eriksson, T. Jansson, A. Muscio, J. Nahlinder, and R. Zaman, The role of industrial research institutes in the national innovation system, Vinnova Publication, 2007.
  15. T. Dolk, and A. Sandstrom, National and regional cluster profiles, Vinnova Publication, 2007.
  16. L. Norgren, R. Nilsson, E. Perez, A. P. Sandstrom, and P. Sandgren, Needs driven R&D programmes in sectorial innovation systems, Vinnova Publication, 2007.
  17. H. Cameron, and C. L. Bas, "Knowledge dissemination, collaboration between agents and intellectual property: new evidence for science and technology policy", Economic Applique, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 237-266, 1999.
  18. S. Davenport, C. Grimes, and J. Davis, "Research collaboration and behavioral additionality: a New Zealand case study", Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 55-67, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537329808524304
  19. S. Marjit, and A. Mukherjee, "Technology collaboration and foreign equity participation: a theoretical analysis", Review of international economics, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 142-150, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9396.00093
  20. N. S. Vonortas, "Rights and knowledge dissemination in research joint ventures", Science Communication, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 81-92, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547097019001006
  21. 서정하, 허용정, "국내대학의 산학협력단장의 리더십에 관한 연구", 한국산학기술학회논문지 , Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 172-177, 2005.
  22. A. Geuna, "The economics of knowledge production: funding and the structure of university research", In E. Cheltenham(ed), New Horizons in the Economics of Innovation, UK/Northampton, March, 1999.
  23. D. Gray, M. Lindblad, and J. Rudolph, "Industry. university research centers: a multivariate analysis of member retention", Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 247-254, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011158123815
  24. Y. Lee, "The sustainability of university. industry research collaboration: an empirical assessment", Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp.111-133, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007895322042
  25. E. Starbuck, "Optimizing university research collaborations", Research Technology Management, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 40-45, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2001.11671406
  26. E. Geisler, "Industry-university technology cooperation: a theory of inter-organizational relationships", Technology Analysis &Strategic Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 217-229, Jun, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537329508524205
  27. D. S. Elenkov, and I. M. Manev, "Top management leadership and influence on innovation: the role of sociocultural context", Journal of Management, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 381-402, 2005.
  28. X. Huang, and E. V. Vliert, "Where intrinsic job satisfaction fails to work: national moderators of intrinsic motivation", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 159-179, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.186
  29. L. Huff, and L. Kelley, "Is collectivism a liability? the impact of culture on organizational trust and customer orientation: a seven-nation study", Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 96-102, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00478-2
  30. P. E. Spector, C. L. Cooper, J. I. Sanchez, M. O'Driscoll, K. Sparks, P. Bernin, A. Bussing, P. Dewe, P. Hart, L. Lu, K. Miller, L. R. De Moraes, G. M. Ostrognay, M. Pagon, H. Pitariu, S. Poelmans, P. Radharishnan, V. Russinova, V. Salamatov, J. F. Salgado, S. Shima, O. L. Siu, J. B. Stora, M. Teichmann, T. Theorell, P. Vlerick, M. Westman, M. Widerszal-Bazyl, P. T. P. Wong, and S. Yu, "Locus of control and well-being at work: How generalizable are Western findings?", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 453-466, 2002. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069359
  31. G. Hofstede, Cultures and organizations: intercultural cooperation and its importance for survival; software of the mind, Harper Collins Business, London, 1991.
  32. G. Hofstede, Culture's consequences: comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations, Sage, Thousand Oaks, 2001.
  33. G. Hofstede, "What did GLOBE really measure? researchers' minds versus respondents' minds", Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp.882-896, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400233
  34. E. T. Hall, Beyond culture, Doubleday Anchor, New York, 1977.
  35. C. Hampden-Turner, and F. Trompenaars, Riding the waves of culture: understanding diversity in global business, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998.
  36. S. Anne, S. Tsui, S. Nifadkar, and Y. O. Amy, "Cross-national, cross-cultural organizational behavior research: advances, gaps, and recommendations", Journal of Management, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 426-478, 2010.
  37. M. C. Dorf, "Foreword: the limits of socratic deliberation", Harvard Law Review, Vol. 112, No. 1, pp. 4-83, November, 1998.
  38. E. Geisler, and A. H. Rubenstein, University-industry relations: a review of major issues, the industry-university-government relationship, pp. 43-64, 1989.
  39. E. Geisler, A. furino, and T. K. Kiresuk, "Factor in the success or failure of industry-university cooperative research centers", Interfaces, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 99-109, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1287/inte.20.6.99
  40. V. Pothukuchi, F. Damanpour, J. Choi, C. C. Chen, and S. Park, "National and organizational culture differences and international joint venture performance", Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 243-265, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491015
  41. A. Dastmalchian, S. Lee, and I. Ng, "The interplay between organizational and national cultures: a comparison of organizational practices in Canada and South Korea using the competing values framework", International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 388-414, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1080/095851900339927
  42. M. Naor, and L. Kevin, "The globalization of operations in Eastern and Western countries: unpacking the relationship between national and organizational culture and its impact on manufacturing performance," Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.194-205, May, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2009.11.001
  43. N. J. Adler, and M. Jelinek, "2Is 'organization culture' culture bound?", Human Resource Management, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 73-90, Spring, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930250106
  44. J. J. van Muijen, and P. L. Koopman, "The influence of national culture on organizational culture. a comparative study between 10 countries", European Work & Organizational Psychologist, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 367-380, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594329408410496
  45. D. L. Shapiro, S. A. Furst, G. M. Spreitzer, and M. A. Von Glinow, "Transnational teams in the electronic age: are team identity and high performance at risk?", Journal of Organizational Behavior Special Issue, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 455-467, Jun, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.149
  46. Z. Aycan, R. N. Kanungo, and J. B. P. Sinha, "Organizational culture and human resource management practices: the model of culture fit", Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 501-526, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022199030004006
  47. S. C. Schneider, "National vs. corporate culture: implications for human resource management", Human Resource Management, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 231-246, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930270207
  48. G. Hofstede, "Problems remain, but theories will change: the universal and the specific in 21st-century global management", Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 34-44, Summer, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-2616(00)80005-4
  49. G. R. Franke, and S. S. Nadler, "Culture, economic development, and national ethical attitudes", Journal of Business Research, Vol. 61, No. 3, pp. 254-264, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.06.005
  50. O. C. Ferrell, L. G. Gresham, and J. Fraedrich, "A synthesis of ethical decision models for marketing", Journal of Macromarketing, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 55-64, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1177/027614678900900207
  51. S. D. Hunt, and S. J. Vitell, "The general theory of marketing ethics: a revision and three questions", Journal of Macromarketing, Vol, 26, No. 2, pp, 143-153, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146706290923
  52. K. J. Srnka, "Culture's role in marketers' ethical decision making: an integrated theoretical framework", Academy of Marketing Science Review, Vol. 2004, No. 1, pp. 1-34, 2004.
  53. J. W. Elder, "Comparative cross-national methodology", Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 209-230, 1976. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.02.080176.001233
  54. S. T. Jakubowski, P. Chao, S. K. Huh, and S. Maheshwari, "A cross-country comparison of the codes of professional conduct of certified/chartered accountants", Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 111-129, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013011120754
  55. L. R. Smeltzer, and M. M. Jennings, "Why an international code of business ethics would be good for business", Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 57-66, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005779727123
  56. H. C. Triandis, The analysis of subjective culture, Wiley, New York, 1972.
  57. E. T. Hall, Beyond culture, Doubleday, New York, 1976.
  58. E. T. Hall, "Learning the Arabs' silent language", Psychology Today, vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 45-53, 1979.
  59. J. A. Holstein, and J. F. Gubrium, "Active interviewing", in, D. Silverman(ed), Qualitative research: theory, method and practice, SAGE Publications, London, 1997.
  60. M. Easterby-Smith, R. Thorpe, and A. Lowe, Management research - an introduction, 2nd edn. Sage, London, 2002.
  61. M. B. Miles, and A. M. Huberman, Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook, 2nd edn. Sage, London, 1994.
  62. K. Tone, M. Skitmore, and J. K. W. Wong, "An investigation of the impact of cross-cultural communication on the management of construction projects in Samoa", Construction Management & Economics, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 343-361, April, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190902748713
  63. N. J. Adler, International dimensions of organizational behavior, South-Western College Publishing, Ohio, 1997.
  64. R. L. Tung, "Managing cross-national and intra-national diversity", Human Resource Management, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 461-477, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930320404
  65. H. J. Leavitt, and H. Bahrami, Managerial psychology: managing behavior in organizations, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1988.
  66. M. V. Redmond, "Cultural distance as a mediating factor between stress and intercultural communication competence", International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 151-159, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(99)00028-0
  67. M. Bensaou, and N. Venkatraman, "Configurations of inter organizational relationships: a comparison between U.S. and Japanese auto makers", Management Science, Vol. 41, No. 9, pp. 471-492, 1995.
  68. I. J. Chen, and A. Paulraj, "Towards a theory of supply chain management: the constructs and measurement", Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 119-150, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2003.12.007
  69. M. Kotabe, X. Martin, and H. Domoto, "Gaining from vertical partnerships: knowledge from vertical partnerships: knowledge Transfer, relationship duration and supplier performance improvement in the U.S. and Japanese automotive industries", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 293, April, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.297
  70. J. J. Mohr, R. J. Fisher, and J. R. Nevin, "Collaborative communication in interfirm relationships: moderating effects of integration", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 103-115, July, 1996. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251844
  71. A. Laurent, "The cultural diversity of western conceptions of management", International Studies of Management and Organization, Vol. 13, No. 12, pp. 75-96, 1983. https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.1983.11656359
  72. D. A. Levinthal, and M. Fichman, "Dynamics of interorganizational attachments: auditor-client relationships", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 345-369, 1988. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392713
  73. S. Kodama, "Dynamic ferrofluid sculpture: organic shape-changing art forms", Communications of the ACM, Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 79-81, Jun, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1145/1349026.1349042
  74. C. Ann, and A. Seror, "A model of institutional network dynamics and a comparative case analysis of information technology transfer", The Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 39-50, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02509574
  75. J. W. Amy, W. E. Baitinger, and R. G. Cooks, "Building mass spectrometers and a philosophy of research", Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 119-128, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1016/1044-0305(90)85047-P
  76. J. Yang, T. Lee, D. Han, S. Han, K. Kim, and D. Rue, A study on academic research and development activities in Korea in 2007, National Research Foundation of Korea, 2008.
  77. S. Han, S. Cho, J. Yang, and D. Rue, A study on academic research and development activities in Korea in 2008, National Research Foundation of Korea, 2009.