Journal of Korea Multimedia Society (한국멀티미디어학회논문지)

Korea Multimedia Society (한국멀티미디어학회)
권호 표지

Information Hiding Technique in Smart Phone for the Implementation of GIS Web-Map Service

GIS 웹 맵 서비스 구현을 위한 스마트 폰에서의 정보은닉 기법

  • 김진호 (전자부품연구원 SoC플랫폼연구센터 SW개발팀) ;
  • 서용수 (동서대학교 정보시스템공학부) ;
  • 권기룡 (부경대학교 IT융합응용공학과)
  • Received : 2010.04.29
  • Accepted : 2010.05.30
  • Published : 2010.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Recently, for the advancement of embedded technology about mobile device, a new kind of service, mash-up is appeared. It is service or application combining multimedia content making tool or device and web-GIS(geographic information system) service in the mobile environment. This service can be ease to use for casual user and can apply in various ways. So, It is served in web 2.0 environment actively. But, in the mashup service, because generated multimedia contents linked with web map are new type of multimedia contents which include user's migration routes in the space such as GPS coordinates. Thus, there are no protection ways for intellectual property created by GIS web-map service users and user's privacy. In this paper, we proposed a location and user information hiding scheme for GIS web-map service. This scheme embeds location and user information into a picture that is taken by camera module on the mobile phone. It is not only protecting way for user's privacy but is also tracing way against illegal photographer who is peeping person through hidden camera. And than, we also realized proposed scheme on the mobile smart phone. For minimizing margin of error about location coordinate value against contents manipulating attacks, GPS information is embedded into chrominance signal of contents considering weight of each digit about binary type of GPS coordinate value. And for tracing illegal photographer, user information such as serial number of mobile phone, phone number and photographing date is embedded into frequency spectrum of contents luminance signal. In the experimental results, we confirmed that the error of extracted information against various image processing attacks is within reliable tolerance. And after file format translation attack, we extracted embedded information from the attacked contents without no damage. Using similarity between extracted one and original templete, we also extracted whole information from damaged chrominance signal of contents by various image processing attacks.

최근, 모바일 임베디드 기술의 발달로 인하여 일반 사용자가 멀티미디어콘텐츠를 손쉽게 제작하고 이를 GIS(geographic information system) 웹 맵과 연동하여 다양하게 응용 하는 매쉬업 서비스가 웹 2.0 인터넷환경에서 활발히 서비스되고 있다. 그러나 매쉬업 서비스에서 다뤄지는 콘텐츠는 웹 맵과 연동되어 GPS 좌표 정보와 같은 사용자의 공간상 이동 경로를 포함하는 새로운 형태의 콘텐츠인데 반해 해당 콘텐츠에 대한 지적 재산 및 사생활 보호를 위한 방법이 아직까지 존재하지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 GIS 웹 맵 매쉬업 서비스에서 사용자 사생활 보호와 불법 촬영자 추적을 위하여 모바일 카메라 폰을 통해 촬영된 이미지 내에 위치 정보와 사용자 정보를 은닉하는 기법을 제안하고 이를 스마트 폰에 구현하였다. 위치정보에 대하여 좌표 값의 오차 범위를 최소화하기 위해 비트 가중치를 고려하여 색차신호에 은닉하였으며, 부정 촬영자를 추적하기 위해 장비 고유번호, 전화번호, 촬영날짜 정보를 휘도신호에 대해 주파수도메인 상에 은닉하였다. 실험 결과 위치정보 삽입에서 다양한 영상처리에 대해서 신뢰할 수 있는 오차범위를 가짐을 확인할 수 있었고, 포맷변환 시에도 위치정보를 정확히 추출하였다. 휘도신호의 정보은닉 실험 결과 공격에 의해 훼손된 영상에 대하여 유사도 패턴 매칭을 통하여 삽입한 정보를 모두 검출 하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국산업기술진흥원

References

  1. Tim O'Reilly, "What is Web 2.0," http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html, 2005.
  2. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)
  3. Anick Jesdanun, "GPS adds dimension to online photos, fans of 'geotagging' says practice is headed for the mainstream," http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22732770/, Jan. 20, 2008.
  4. Thota Chandrasekhar, "Gee-coding Images," United States(US) Patent, US-0258642, Nov. 2007.
  5. JEITA CP-3451, "Exchangeable image file format for digital still cameras: Exif Version 2.2," Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, April 2002.
  6. ISO/ISE 10918-1/ITU-T Recommendation T.81, "Digital Compression and Coding of Continuous-tonestill image," 1992.
  7. M. D. Swanson, B. Zhu, and A. H. Tewfik, "Robust data hiding for images," Proc of the IEEE Digital Signal Processing Workshop, pp.37-40, 1996.
  8. E.J. Delp, "Multimedia security: the 22nd century approach," Multimedia Systems, Vol. 11(2), pp. 95-97, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-005-0193-4
  9. C. I. Podilchuk and W. Xent, "Image adaptive watermarking using visual models," IEEE Journal on Selected Area in communications, vol.16, no.4, pp.525-539, May 1997.
  10. D. L. Gall and A Tabatabai, "Subband coding of digital images using symmetric short kernel filters and arithmetic coding techniques," Processing of IEEE International Conference Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol. 2, pp. 761-764, New York, April 1988.
  11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIMEA_0183
  12. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb158486.aspx
  13. StirMark Bechmark, http://www.petitcolas.net/fabien/watermarking/stirmark