References
- Benoff, S., Auborn, K., Marmar, J.L. and Hurley, I.R. (2008). Link between low-dose environmentally relevant cadmium exposure and asthenozoospermia in rat model. Fertil. Steril., 89, 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.035
- Bernard, A. and Lauwerys, R. (1986). Effects of cadmium exposure in humans. In: Foulkes, E.C. (eds.). handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol. 80, pp. 135-177, Springer, Berlin.
- Bebianno, M.J., Geret, F., Hoarau, P., Serafim, M.A., Coelho, M.R., Gnassia-Barelli, M. and Romeo, M. (2004). Biomarkers in Ruditapes decussatus: a potential bioindicator species. Biomarkers, 9, 305-330. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547500400017820
- Campana, O., Sarasquete, C. and Blasco, J. (2003). Effect of lead on ALAD activity, metallothionein levels and lipid peroxidation in blood, kidney, and liver of the toadfish Halobatrachus didactylus. Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 55, 116-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00093-3
- Casalino, E., Calzaretti, G., Sblano, C. and Landriscina, L. (2002). Molecular inhibitory mechanism of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver and kidney by cadmium. Toxicology, 179, 37-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00245-7
- Chang, X., Jin, T., Chen, L., Nordberg, M. and Lei, L. (2009). Metallothionein I isoform mRNA expression in peripheral lymphocytes as a biomarker for occupational Cadmium exposure. Exp. Biol. Med., 234, 666-672. https://doi.org/10.3181/0811-RM-336
- Chen, L., Jin, T., Huang, B., Nordberg, G. and Nordberg, M. (2006). Critical exposure level of cadmium for elevated urinary metallothionein-An occupational population study in China. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 215, 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.01.013
- Cosma, G.N., Currie, D., Squibb, K.S., Snyder, C.A. and Garte, S.J. (1991). Detection of cadmium exposure in rats by induction of lymphocyte metallothione in gene expression. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 34, 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287399109531547
- Dorian, C., Gattone, V.H. II and Klaasen, C.D. (1995). Discrepancy between the nephrotoxicpotencies of cadmium-metallothionenin and cadmium chloride and the renal concentration of cadmium in the proximal convoluted tubules. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 130, 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1995.1021
- Dorian, C., Gattone, V.H. II and Klaasen, C.D. (1992). Accumulation and degradation of theprotein moiety of cadmium-metallothionein (CdMT) in the mouse kidney. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 117, 242-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(92)90243-L
- Dudley, R.E., Gammal, L.M. and Klaasen, C.D. (1985). Cadmium-induced hepatic and renal injury in chronically exposed rats: likely role of hepatic cadmium-metallothionein in nephrotoxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 77, 414-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(85)90181-4
- Friberg, L. and Elinder, C.G. (1983). Cadmium and compounds. In: Parmeggiani, L. (Eds.). Encyclopedia of occupational health and safety, pp. 356-357, International Labour Organization Publications, Geneva.
- Friberg, L., Kjellstrom, T., Nordberg, G. and Piscator, M. (1979). Cadmium. In: Friberg, L., Nordberg, G.F. and Vouk, V.B. (Eds.). Handbook on the toxicology of metals, pp. 355-381, Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.
- Gonick, H.C. (2008). Nephrotoxicity of cadmium and lead. Indian. J. Med. Res., 128, 335-352.
- Goyer, R.A. (1986). Toxic effects of metals. In: Klaassen, C.D., Amdur, M.O. and Doull, J. (Eds.). Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology, 3rd Eds., pp. 582-635, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York.
- Haq, F., Mathoney, M. and Koropatnick, J. (2003). Signaling events for metallothionein induction. Mutat. Res., 533, 211-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.014
- Hispard, F., Vaufleury, A., Martin, H., Devaux, S., Cosson, R.P., Scheifler, R., Richert, L., Berthelot, A. and Badot, P.M. (2008). Effects of subchronic digestive exposure to organic or inorganic cadmium on biomarkers in rat tissue. Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 70, 490-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.005
- Hooser, S.B. (2007). Cadmium In: Gupta, R.C. (Eds.).Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles, pp. 422-426, Academic Press, New York.
- Hussain, T., Shukla, G.S. and Chandra, S.V. (1987). Effects of cadmium on superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of growing rats: in vitro and in vivo studies. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 60, 355-358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1987.tb01526.x
- Klaassen, C.D., Liu, J. and Choudhuri, S. (1999). Metallothionein: an intracellular protein to protect against cadmium toxicity. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 39, 267-297. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.267
- Lopez, E., Figueroa, S., Gasque, M.J. and Gonzalez, M.P. (2003). Apoptosis and necrosis: Two distinct events induced be cadmium in cortical neurons in culture. Br. J. Pharmacol., 138, 901-911. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0705111
- Menke, A., Muntner, P., Silbergeld, E.K., Platz, E.A. and Guallar, E. (2009). Cadmium levels in urine and mortality among U.S. adults. Environ. Health Perspect., 117, 190-196. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11236
- Miyari, S., Shibata, S. and Naqanuma, A. (1998). Determination of metallothionein by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection using an isocratic solvent system. Anal. Biochem., 258, 168-175. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1998.2578
- Nordberg, M. and Nordberg, G.F. (2000). Toxicological aspects of metallothionein. Cell. Mol. Biol., 46, 451-463.
- Puls, B.R. (1994). Mineral Levels in Animal Health. 2nd Eds., pp. 39-47, Sherpa International, British Columbia, Canada.
- Shea, J., Moran, T. and Dehn, P.F. (2008). A bioassay for metals utilizing a human cell line. Toxicol. In Vitro, 22, 1025-1031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2008.02.014
- Sugawara, N. and Sugawara, C. (1991). Gastrointestinal absorption of Cd-metallothionein and cadmium chloride in mice. Arch. Toxicol., 65, 689-692. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02098039
- Tellez-Plaza, M., Navas-Acien, A., Crainiceanu, C.M. and Guallar, E. (2008). Cadmium exposure and hypertension in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Environ. Health Perspect., 116, 51-56.
- WHO. (2001). WHO Food additives series 46, Cadmium.(InChem: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je11.htm)
- Yamada, H. and Koizumi, S. (2001). Lymphocyte metallothioneinmRNA as a sensitive biomarker of cadmium exposure. Ind. Health, 39, 29-32. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.39.29