Korean Journal of Child Studies (아동학회지)

Korean Association of Child Studies (한국아동학회)
권호 표지

The Effects of Cooperative Learning on Social Competence and Self-esteem According to Young Children's Intellectual Levels

유아의 인지수준에 따른 협동학습의 효과 : 사회적 능력과 자아존중감을 중심으로

  • 이정화 (부경대학교 유아교육과) ;
  • 최인수 (성균관대학교 인재개발학과 및 아동학과) ;
  • 이수련 (성균관대학교)
  • Received : 2009.06.30
  • Accepted : 2010.01.19
  • Published : 2010.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was aimed to at examining whether the effects of cooperative learning on children's social competence and self-esteem would be different in terms of young children's intellectual ability. To this end, a total of 64 five-year-old children attending two kindergartens in Kyunggi-Do were selected to participated in this study. Each child was tested on the short form of K-WPPSI and fell into one of two levels (high or low). The children in the experimental group took part in thirty-five 30~40 minute sessions of cooperative learning, while the control group engaged in individual learning. The results were as follows : First, children who participated in cooperative learning achieved higher improvements in social competence and self-esteem than children engaged solely in individual learning. Second, there were no any significant differences in improvement in terms of social competence and self-esteem between the high and the low intelligence levels. On the basis of these results, it could be concluded that cooperative learning had a number positive effects upon the levels of young children's social competence and self-esteem.

Keywords

References

  1. 교육과학기술부(2008). 유치원 교육과정 해설 I, 총론. 서울 : 교육과학기술부.
  2. 김숙현(2007), 어머니의 초기대상관계가 어머니의 양육태도 및 유아의 자아존중감에 미치는 영향. 성균관대학교 석사학위청구논문.
  3. 김은경(2005). 부모의 정서표현 수용태도, 유아의 정서조절 능력 및 사회적 능력 간의 관계. 이화여자대학교 석사학위청구논문.
  4. 도현심(1994). Social competence of kindergarteners and sixth graders : Its relationships to parental attention, parental protectiveness, the children's sex, and their birth category. 이화여자대학교 박사학위청구논문.
  5. 박정언(2009). 인지적.사회적 변인을 고려한 유아 쌍 협력활동이 과제 수행력에 미치는 효과. 성균관대학교 박사학위청구논문.
  6. 박혜원(2001). 한국 웩슬러 유아지능검사의 간편형개발. 아동학회지. 22(2), 1-13.
  7. 서영선(2005). 조형활동을 통한 협동학습에서 사회적 능력별 집단구성에 따른 또래 상호작용 분석. 이화여자대학교 석사학위청구논문.
  8. 송희정(2007). 능력에 따른 쌍 구성 방법이 또래 협동 학습에서 과제수행력과 Scaffolding에 미치는 영향. 부경대학교 석사학위청구논문.
  9. 이경주(2004). 유아의 수학능력수준에 따른 협동학습의 효과. 신라대학교 석사학위청구논문.
  10. 이정화(2006).유아의 능력수준 및 성에 따른 쌍 협동 학습이 과제수행에 미치는 효과. 미래유아교육 학회지, 13(3), 185-207.
  11. Alansari, E. M. (2006). Implementation of cooperative learning in the center for community service and continuing education at Kuwait University. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 46(2), 264-282.
  12. Arce, E. M. (2000). Curriculum for young children : An introduction. NY : Delmar.
  13. Arterberry, M. E., Cain, K. M., & Chopko, S. A. (2007). Collaborative problem solving in five-year-old children : Evidence of social facilitation and social loafing. Educational Psychology, 27(5), 577-596. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410701308755
  14. Babicki, L., & Luke, S. (2007). Oh, and we do reading too. Montessori life : A publication of the American Montessori Society, 19(3), 46-49.
  15. Brodkin, A. M. (2007). "I do it better" : Working with the child who is always competing for attention. Early Childhood Today, 21(4), 17-19.
  16. Carroll, E., & Williams, R. (2007). Individual and group contingencies in cooperative learning at the collegiate level. Behavior Analyst Today, 8(3), 298-306.
  17. Coopersmith, S. (1969, February). Implications of studies on self-esteem for educational research and practice. Paper presented at the meetings of the American Educational Research Association, Los Angeles, CA.
  18. Dollman, L., Morgan, C., Pergler, J., Russell, W., & Watts, J. (2007). Improving social skills though the use of cooperative learning. Unpublished master's thesis, Saint Xavier University, Chicago, Illinois.
  19. Foyle, H. C., Lyman, L., & Thies, S. A. (1991). Cooperative learning in the early childhood classroom. National Education Association of the United States.
  20. Gajewski, N., Hirn, P., & Mayo, P. (1998). Social skill strategies. WI : Thinking Publications.
  21. Gillies, R. M. (2003). Structuring cooperative group work in classrooms, International Journal of Educational Research, 39(1-2), 35-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-0355(03)00072-7
  22. Gillies, R. M. (2007). Cooperative learning : Integrating theory and practice. CA : Sage Publications.
  23. Harter, S., & Pike, R. (1984). The pictorial scale of perceived competence and social acceptance for young children. Child Development, 55(6), 1969-1982. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129772
  24. Huss, J. A. (2006). Gifted education and cooperative learning : A miss or a match? Gited Child Today, 29(4), 19-23.
  25. Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1987). Learning together and alone : Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning. NJ : Prentice-Hall.
  26. Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Holubec, E. J. (1994). Cooperative learning in the classroom. VA : Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  27. Jolliffe, W. (2007). Cooperative learning in the classroom : Putting it into practice. London : Paul Chapman Publishing.
  28. Lantz, C., McKenna, B., Price, B., & Stralow, D. (2007). Increasing on-task behavior through motivational activities. Unpublished master's thesis, Saint Xavier University, Chicago, Illinois.
  29. Lopez, D. M., & Schroeder, L. (2008). Designing strategies that meet the variety of learning styles of students. Unpublished master's thesis, Saint Xavier University, Chicago, Illinois.
  30. Lyman, L., & Foyle, H. C. (1989). Cooperative learning strategies and children. In J. H. Hollified (Ed.), Children learning in groups, and other trends in elementary and early childhood education. IL : ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED308993).
  31. Oortwiin, M. B., Boekaerts, M., Vedder, P., & Fortuin, J. (2008). The impact of a cooperative learning experience on pupils' popularity, non-cooperativeness, and interethnic bias in multiethnic elementary schools. Educational Psychology, 28(2), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410701491916
  32. Pate-Clevenger, R., Dusing, J., Houck, P., & Zuber, J. (2008). Improvement of off-task behavior of elementary and high school students through the use of cooperative learning strategies. Unpublished master's thesis, Saint Xavier University, Chicago, Illinois.
  33. Saleh, M., Lazonder, A. W., & De Jong, T. (2005). Effects of within-class ability grouping on social interaction, achievement, and motivation. Instructional Science : An International Journal of Learning and Cognition, 33(2), 105-119.
  34. Schmitz, M., J., & Winskel, H. (2008). Towards effective partnerships in a collaborative problem-solving task. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(4), 581-596.
  35. Slavin, R. E. (1995). Cooperative learning : Theory, research, and practice. MA : Allyn & Bacon.
  36. Tan, I. G. C., Sharan, S., & Lee, C. K. E. (2007). Group Investigation effects on achivement, motivation, and perceptions of students in Singapore. Journal of Educational Research, 100(3), 142-154. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.100.3.142-154
  37. Tedesco, L. M. (1999). The effects of cooperative learning on self-esteem : A literature review. Unpublished master's thesis, Dominican College, San Rafael.
  38. Vaughan, R. (1996, January). Venturing into cooperative learning in the early years of schooling : A classroom teacher's experience. Paper presented at the Australian and New Zealand Conference on the First Years of School, Tasmania, Australia.
  39. Veenman, S., Kenter, B., & Post, K. (1999, August). Cooperative learning as a form of active learning in Dutch primary school. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Research on Learning and Instruction, Goteborg, Sweden.
  40. Walker, L. (2005). Reading stories to change the world. Principal Leadership, 6(2), 42-47.
  41. Webb, N. M. (1981). Group interaction and learning in the mathematics laboratory and the regular classroom. LA : University of California (NIE No. G-80-0068).
  42. Williams, R. L., Carroll, E., & Hautau, B. (2005). Individual accountability in cooperative groups at the college level : Differential effects on high, average, and low exam performers. Journal of Behavioral Education, 14(3), 167-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10864-005-6296-3
  43. Willis, J. (2007). Cooperative learning is a brain turn-on. Middle School Journal, 38(4), 4-13.
  44. Wing-Yi Cheng, R., Lam, S., & Chung-Yan Chan, J. (2008). When high achievers and low achievers work in the same group : The roles of group heterogeneity and processes in project-based learning. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(2), 205-221. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709907X218160