Korean Journal of Veterinary Research (대한수의학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
권호 표지

Pancreatic lesions of pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome

  • Jung, Ji-Youl (College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kang, Sang-Chul (College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Park, Bong-Kyun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hwang, Eui-Kyung (College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sangji University) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Yong (College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hoon (College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University)
  • Accepted : 2010.09.14
  • Published : 2010.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is a new emerging disease affecting nursery and growing pigs in worldwide. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) is a most important pathogen associated with PMWS. This study was carried out to investigate the pathological changes in the pancreas of pigs diagnosed as PMWS. To detect the PCV-2 antigen and nucleic acid in the tissue, immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted, respectively. 24 pigs of 4-10 weeks old showed clinical signs of PMWS such as chronic wasting, respiratory distress and diarrhea were examined. Histopathologically, interstitial and periductular mononuclear cells infiltration were observed in pancreas. Multifocal to diffuse necrosis of acinar tissues or necrotizing to granulomatous pancreastitis with numerous syncytial cells infiltration were examined in severe cases. PCV-2 nucleic acid was detected from all tested pancreas using PCR. The PCV-2 antigen in 12 pancreas sections was detected by immunohistochemical staining. PCV-2 has a tropism for vascular endothelial cells and infiltrated macrophages. Although gross lesions are uncommon in the pancreas of pigs with PMWS, histopathological changes and the presence of PCV-2 in this tissue may be related to clinical signs associated with digestive disorders.

Keywords

References

  1. Allan GM, Ellis JA. Porcine circoviruses: a review. J Vet Diagn Invest 2000, 12, 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870001200102
  2. Brewer LA, Lwamba HCM, Murtaugh MP, Palmenberg AC, Brown C, Njenga MK. Porcine encephalomyocarditis virus persists in pig myocardium and infects human myocardial cells. J Virol 2001, 75, 11621-11629. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.75.23.11621-11629.2001
  3. Calsamiglia M, Segales J, Quintana J, Rosell C, Domingo M. Detection of porcine circovirus types 1 and 2 in serum and tissue samples of pigs with and without postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 2002, 40, 1848-1850. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.5.1848-1850.2002
  4. Chianini F, Majo N, Segales J, Dominguez J, Domingo M. Immunohistochemical characterisation of PCV2 associate lesions in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues of pigs with natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2003, 94, 63-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2427(03)00079-5
  5. Grierson SS, King DP, Sandvik T, Hicks D, Spencer Y, Drew TW, Banks M. Detection and genetic typing of type 2 porcine circoviruses in archived pig tissues from the UK. Arch Virol 2004, 149, 1171-1183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-003-0288-1
  6. Halbur PG, Andrews JJ, Huffman EL, Paul PS, Meng XJ, Niyo Y. Development of a streptavidinbiotin immunoperoxidase procedure for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antigen in porcine lung. J Vet Diagn Invest 1994, 6, 254-257. https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879400600219
  7. Imai DM, Cornish J, Nordhausen R, Ellis J, MacLachlan NJ. Renal tubular necrosis and interstitial hemorrhage ("turkey-egg kidney") in a circovirusinfected Yorkshire cross pig. J Vet Diagn Invest 2006, 18, 496-499. https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870601800516
  8. Jones TC, Hunt RD, King NW. Veterinary Pathology. 6th ed. pp. 1105-1109, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1997.
  9. Kennedy S, Moffett D, McNeilly F, Meehan B, Ellis J, Krakowka S, Allan GM. Reproduction of lesions of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by infection of conventional pigs with porcine circovirus type 2 alone or in combination with porcine parvovirus. J Comp Pathol 2000, 122, 9-24. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcpa.1999.0337
  10. Krakowka S, Ellis JA, McNeilly F, Ringler S, Rings DM, Allan G. Activation of the immune system is the pivotal event in the production of wasting disease in pigs infected with porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). Vet Pathol 2001, 38, 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.38-1-31
  11. Krakowka S, Ellis JA, Meehan B, Kennedy S, McNeilly F, Allan G. Viral wasting syndrome of swine: experimental reproduction of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in gnotobiotic swine by coinfection with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine parvovirus. Vet Pathol 2000, 37, 254-263. https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.37-3-254
  12. McNeilly F, Kennedy S, Moffett D, Meehan BM, Foster JC, Clarke EG, Ellis JA, Haines DM, Adair BM, Allan GM. A comparison of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the detection of a new porcine circovirus in formalin-fixed tissues from pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). J Virol Methods 1999, 80, 123-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0934(99)00043-9
  13. Muftuoglu MA, Isikgor S, Tosun S, Saglam A. Effects of probiotics on the severity of experimental acute pancreatitis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006, 60, 464-468. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602338
  14. Opriessnig T, Janke BH, Halbur PG. Cardiovascular lesions in pigs naturally or experimentally infected with porcine circovirus type 2. J Comp Pathol 2006, 134, 105-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2005.06.007
  15. Piironen A. High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Diseases: an Experimental and Clinical Study. pp. 48-49, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 2001.
  16. Pogranichnyy RM, Yoon KJ, Harms PA, Swenson SL, Zimmerman JJ, Sorden SD. Characterization of immune response of young pigs to porcine circovirus type 2 infection. Viral Immunol 2000, 13, 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1089/vim.2000.13.143
  17. Rosell C, Segales J, Plana-Duran J, Balasch M, Rodriguez-Arrioja GM, Kennedy S, Allan GM, McNeilly F, Latimer KS, Domingo M. Pathological, immunohistochemical, and in-situ hybridization studies of natural cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs. J Comp Pathol 1999, 120, 59-78. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcpa.1998.0258
  18. Rossow KD. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Vet Pathol 1998, 35, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1177/030098589803500101
  19. Seeliger FA, Brugmann ML, Kruger L, Greiser-Wilke I, Verspohl J, Segales J, Baumgartner W. Porcine circovirus type 2-associated cerebellar vasculitis in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)-affected pigs. Vet Pathol 2007, 44, 621-634. https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-5-621
  20. Segales J, Rosell C, Domingo M. Pathological findings associated with naturally acquired porcine circovirus type 2 associated disease. Vet Microbiol 2004, 98, 137-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.10.006