Journal of Families and Better Life (가정과삶의질연구)

Korean Home Management Association (가정과삶의질학회)
권호 표지

The Effects of Children's Sex, Age and Parental Feeding Styles on Children's Self-help Skills

유아의 성별과 연령 및 부모의 식사지도유형이 유아의 자조기술에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Jung-Min (Dept. of Child Development and Family Studies, Seoul National Univ.) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Kyung (Korea Institute of Child Care and Education)
  • Received : 2009.11.15
  • Accepted : 2010.02.04
  • Published : 2010.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of three factors - children's age, sex and parental feeding styles - on children's self-help skills. The subjects were 213 children and their parents who lived in Kwanak-ku, Seoul. The three-way analysis of variance was employed. The main results were as follows: 1. Children's autonomy was varied significantly according to their sex. Girls do better by themselves than boys do in toileting, washing and drying hands, putting on and buttoning up a coat, putting on clothes, washing and drying their faces. Children's autonomy also varied significantly according to age. A majority of the autonomy subsets increased as the children's ages increased. However, drying their hands with a towel, removing their coats, and drinking water did not vary by age. 2. Children's autonomy also varied significantly according to their parents' feeding style. A responsive feeding style encouraged children to drink water by themselves. 3. The group with the highest score in self-help skills in toileting was 6-year-old girls, and the group with the lowest score was 3-year-old boys. Additionally, the groups with the highest scores in toileting were 4-year-old girls whose parents demonstrated a neglective feeding style, 5-year-old girls whose parents demonstrated an authoritative feeding style, 5-year-old girls whose parents demonstrated a responsive feeding style, 3-year-old boys whose parents demonstrated a responsive feeding style and 6-year-old boys whose parents demonstrated a neglective feeding style. Conversely, the groups with the lowest scores in toileting were 3-year-old girls whose parents demonstrated an authoritarian feeding style, 5-year-old girls whose parents demonstrated a neglective feeding style, and 3-year-old and 6-year-old boys whose parents demonstrated an authoritarian feeding style. 4. The group with the highest score in removing their coats was girls whose parnets demonstrated authoritative, responsive or neglective feeding styles. The group with the lowest score in removing their coats was boys whose parents demonstrated authoritative or neglective feeding styles.

Keywords

References

  1. 곽혜경․조복희(1999). 유아의 기질, 어머니의 통제책략과 유아의 자기통제행동과의 관계. 아동학회지, 20(1), 165-176.
  2. 곽혜경(1998). 유아의 기질, 유아가 제공한 통제계기, 어머니의 통제책략과 유아의 자기통제행동과의 관계. 경희 대학교 대학원 박사학위 청구논문.
  3. 김미혜․윤호열(2005). 유아의 내적외적변인이 자기규제 발달에 미치는 영향. 대한가정학회지, 43(3), 185-197.
  4. 김민정(2008). 부모의 정서표현유형과 유아의 성별에 따른 유아의 자기조절능력. 계명대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  5. 김승국․김옥기(1995). 사회성숙도검사. 서울: 중앙적성출판사.
  6. 김은미(2006). 가정의 사회경제적 지위 및 어머니 변인과 유아의 자기조절능력과의 관계. 한국교원대학교 대학원 석사 학위 청구논문.
  7. 김지아(2002). 자기조절향상 프로그램이 유아의 자기조절에 미치는 영향. 중앙대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  8. 박진희(2008). 유아의 기질 및 어머니의 양육행동과 유아 자율 행동과의 관계. 한국교원대학교 석사학위 청구논문.
  9. 신향숙․장윤옥(2001). 청소년이 지각한 부모-자녀간의 의사 소통유형이 자녀의 자기효능감에 미치는 영향. 한국가정 관리학회지, 19(5), 189-202.
  10. 안미경(1996). 아동의 자기조절능력 및 기질과 어머니의 양육 행동 간의 관계. 서울여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  11. 오승아(2007). 발달장애 유아를 위한 한국판 생활적응행동기술 척도의 타당화 연구. 한국영유아보육학, 49, 175-207.
  12. 유안진(1999). 아동발달의 이해. 서울: 도서출판 문음사.
  13. 유재연․이준석(2005). 초등학생용 적응행동검사 개발 연구 I. 특수교육저널: 이론과 실천, 6(2), 257-277.
  14. 이경아(2006). 사회적 발달을 위한 교수학습활동 수준에 따른 유아의 자율적 행동. 한국교원대학교 석사학위 청구 논문.
  15. 이송이(2006). 아동이 지각한 부모양육태도와 부모양육행동이 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 영향. 한국가정관리학회지, 24(2), 61-71.
  16. 이옥임․이혜경․박성희(2008). 2세 영아의 자율성 시도와 어머니의 조절전략에 관한 연구-식사시간을 중심으로. 아동교육․보육행정연구, 12(1), 133-153.
  17. 임미향(2008). 시지각 훈련 프로그램이 발달지체 유아의 자조 기술에 미치는 영향. 공주대학교 석사학위 청구논문.
  18. 임미향(2008). 시지각 훈련 프로그램이 발달지체 유아의 자조 기술에 미치는 영향. 공주대학교 석사학위 청구논문.
  19. 서울대학교 교육연구소(1994). 교육학 용어사전. 서울: 도서 출판 하우.
  20. Birch, L. L., Fisher, J. O., Grimm-Thomas, K., Markey, C. N., Sawyer, R., & Johnson, S. L.(2001). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionnaire: a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness. Appetite, 36(3), 201-210. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.2001.0398
  21. Birch, L. L., Mcphee, L., Shoba, B. C., Steinberg, L. & Kreibiel, R.(1987). 'Clean up your plate': effects of child feeding practices on the development of intake regulation. Learning and Motivation, 18(3), 301-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/0023-9690(87)90017-8
  22. Boggiano, A. K., Main, D. S., & Katz, P.(1991). Mastery motivation in boys and girls: the role of intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation. Sex Roles, 25(9/10), 511-520.
  23. Brazelton, T. B.(1962). A child-oriented approach to toilet training. Pediatrics, 29(1), 121-128.
  24. Carter, A. S., Volkmar, F. R., Sparrow, S. S., Wang, J., Lord, C., Dawson, G., Fombonne, E., Loveland, K., Mesiboy, G. & Schopler, E.(1998). The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: Supplementary Norms for Individuals with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28(4), 287-302. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026056518470
  25. Crockenberg S. & Litman, C.(1990). Autonomy as competence in 2-year-olds: maternal correlates of child defiance, compliance, and self-assertion. Developmental Psychology, 26(6), 961-971.
  26. Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M.(1987). The suppport of autonomy and the control of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5(6), 1024-1037.
  27. Fisher, J. O. & Birch, L. L.(1999). Restricting access to foods and children's eating, Appetite, 32(3), 405-419. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1999.0231
  28. Geng, G., Zhu, Z., Tanaka, T., & Ando, D.(2009). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionniare(CFQ) in Japanese elementary school children. Appetite, 52, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.06.015
  29. Goldberg, M. R., Dill, C. A., Shin, J. Y. & Nhan, N. V.(2009). Reliability and validity of the Vietnamese Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales with preschool-age children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 592-602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2008.09.001
  30. Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M.(1989). Parent styles associated with children's self-regulation and competence in school. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(2), 143-154.
  31. Grolnick, W. S., Frodi, A., & Bridges, L. J.(2006). Maternal control style and the mastery motivation of one-year-old. Infant Mental and Health Journal, 5(2), 72-82.
  32. Grolnick, W. S., Guarland, S. T., DeCorcey, W., & Jacob, K.(2002). Antecedents and consequences of mothers' autonomy support: an experimental investigation. Developmental Psychology, 38(1), 143-155.
  33. Haswell, K., Hock, E., & Wenar, C.(1981). Oppositional behavior of preschool children: theory and intervention. Family Relations, 30, 440-446. https://doi.org/10.2307/584040
  34. Hughes, S. O., Power, T. G., Fisher, J. O., & Mueller, T. A.(2005). Revisiting a neglected contruct: parenting styles in a child-feeding context. Appetite, 44, 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2004.08.007
  35. Hughes, S. O., patrick, H., Power, T., Fisher, J. O., Anderson, C. B. & Nicklas, T. A.(2007). The impact of child care providers' feeding on children's food consumption. Journal of Developmentla and Behavioral Pediatrics, 28(2), 100-107. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.DBP.0000267561.34199.a9
  36. Jansen, E., Mulkens, S. & Jansen, A.(2007). Do not eat the red food!: Prohibition of snacks leads to their relatively higher consumption in children Appetite, 49(3), 572-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.03.229
  37. Kelley, S. A., Brownell, C. A., & Campbell, S. B.(2000). Mastery motivation and self-evaluative affect in toddlers: longitudinal relations with maternal behavior. Child Development, 71(4), 1961-1071. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00209
  38. Kuczynski, L., Kochanska, G., Radke-Yarrow, M., & Girnius-Brown, O.(1987). A developmental interpretation of young children's noncompliance. Developmental Psychology, 17, 289-299.
  39. Luxem, M. M. & Christophersen, E.(1994). Behavioral toilet training in early childhood: research, practice, and implications. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 15(5), 311-396.
  40. Mogharreban, C. & Nahikian-Nelms, M.(1996). Autonomy at mealtime: building healthy food preferences and eating behaviors in young children. Family Childhood Education Journal, 24(1), 29-32.
  41. National Institute of Child Health nad Human Development Early Child Chare Research Network (2008). Mothers' and fathers' support for child autonomy and early school achievement. Developmental Psychology, 44(4), 895-907.
  42. Ng, F. F., Kenney-Benson, G. A., & Pomerantz, E. M.(2004). Children's achievement moderates the effects of motehrs' use of control and autonomy support. Child Development, 75(3), 764-780. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00705.x
  43. Prior, M., Smart, D., Sanson, A., & Oberklaid, F.(1993). Sex differences in psychological adjustment from infancy to 8 years. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(2), 291-304. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199303000-00009