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Stimulation of bone formation by direct electrical current in an orthopedically expanded suture in the rat

백서의 악정형적으로 확장된 봉합부에서 직류 전류 자극의 골형성 촉진에 관한 연구

  • Uysal, Tancan (Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri Turkey, and Visiting Professor, King Saud University) ;
  • Amasyali, Mihri (Department of Orthodontics, Centre of Dental Sciences, Gulhane Military Medical Academy) ;
  • Olmez, Huseyin (Department of Orthodontics, Centre of Dental Sciences, Gulhane Military Medical Academy) ;
  • Karslioglu, Yildirim (Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy) ;
  • Gunhan, Omer (Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy)
  • Received : 2009.11.29
  • Accepted : 2010.02.04
  • Published : 2010.04.30

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of direct electrical current stimulation (DECS) on bone regeneration in response to an expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in the rat. Methods: Sixteen 50 - 60 days old Wistar male rats were separated into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion, and 30-gram of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with helical-spring. In the experimental group, two metallic-screws were placed at lateral parts of the maxillary segments. Electrodes were connected to the screws. The device was activated with current adjustment to measure $10{\mu}A$ continuously and the current was monitored daily during the expansion and early-retention phase. Bone regeneration in the sutural area was histomorphometrically evaluated including new-bone area (${\mu}m^2$), bone perimeter (${\mu}m$), feret's diameter (${\mu}m$) and newly formed bone (%) parameters. Kruskal-Wallis rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluation at p < 0.05 level. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences between groups for all investigated histomorphometric parameters. New bone area (p = 0.002), bone perimeter (p = 0.004), feret's diameter (p = 0.002) and newly formed bone percentage (p = 0.002) measurements were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. Bone histomorphometric measurements revealed that bone architecture in the DECS group was improved. Conclusions: The application of DECS to an orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture area during the early retention phase stimulated the formation of new bone.

이 실험적 연구는 직류 전류 자극(direct electrical current stimulation, DECS)을 백서의 확장된 전상악골간 봉합에 가하였을 시 골 재생에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 시행되었다. 60마리의 웅성 Wistar rats를 연구에 사용하였으며 대조군과 실험군의 2개의 군으로 나누었다. 상악 절치 사이에 30-gram의 힘을 발휘하는 helical-spring을 적용하여 상악골의 확장을 두 군 모두에서 시행하였다. 실험군에서는 상악골 측면부에 금속 스크류를 식립하였고 스크류에 전극을 연결하였다. 장치는 지속적으로 $10{\mu}A$의 전류를 흘러 보내도록 조절하였으며 전류는 확장기와 초기 유지기 동안 매일 점검하였다. 골 재생을 조직형태계측학적으로 평가하기 위해 신생골 면적(${\mu}m^2$), 골 둘레길이(${\mu}m$), feret's diameter (${\mu}m$) 와 신생골(%)을 계측하였다. 결과는 유의수준 p < 0.05에서 Kruskal-Wallis rank와 Mann-Whitney U tests를 이용하여 통계 분석하였다. 실험 결과 조사한 모든 조직형태계측적 수치들에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 양 군 사이에서 나타났다. 신생골 면적 (p = 0.002), 골 둘레길이 (p = 0.002), feret's diameter (p = 0.002)와 신생골 비율 (p = 0.002)의 모든 계측치가 실험군에서 대조군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이런 결과는 DECS 군에서 골 형성이 더 양호함을 의미한다. 결론적으로 악정형적으로 확장시킨 전상악골 봉합부에 DECS를 적용하면 초기 유지 기간 중에 신생골 형성이 촉진된다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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