References
- Carmichael J, DeGraff WG and Gazdar AF. (1987). Evaluation of a tetrazolium-based semiautomated colorimetric assay: assessment of chemosensitivity testing. Cancer Research. 47:936-941.
- Cheng A, Wan F, Jin Z, Wang J and Xu X. (2008a). Nitrite oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase were regulated by polysaccharides isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 118:59-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.03.002
- Cheng A, Wan F, Wang J, Jin Z and Xu X. (2008b). Macrophage immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. International Immunopharmacology. 8:43-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2007.10.006
- Fujiwara N and Kobayashi K. (2005). Macrophages in inflammation. Current Drug Targets - Inflammation and Allergy. 4:281-286. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568010054022024
-
Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS and Tannenbaum SR. (1982). Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and
$[^{15}N]$ nitrate in biological fluids. Analytical Biochemistry. 126:131-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(82)90118-X - Kim HP, Son KH, Chang HW and Kang SS. (2004). Antiinflammatory plant flavonoids and cellular action mechanisms. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. 96:229-245. https://doi.org/10.1254/jphs.CRJ04003X
- Lee JH, Ko WS, Kim YH, Kang HS, Kim HD and Choi BT. (2001). Anti-inflammatory effect of the aqueous extract from Lonicera japonica flower is related to inhibition of NF-kappaB activation through reducing I-kappaBalpha degradation in rat liver. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 7:79-83.
- Lee YG and Cho JY. (2007). Inhibitory effects of curcumin on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and its suppressive mechanism. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 15:451-456.
- Lin JY, Li CY and Hwang IF. (2008). Characterisation of the pigment components in red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var.) juice and their anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated murine splenocytes. Food Chemistry. 109:771-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.01.039
- Paul A, Cuenda A, Bryant CE, Murray J, Chilvers ER, Cohen P, Gould GW and Plevin R. (1999). Involvement of mitogen activated protein kinase homologues in the regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated induction of cyclo-oxygenase-2 but not nitric oxide synthase in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cellular Signalling. 11:491-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-6568(99)00018-2
- Pulendran B, Palucka K and Banchereau J. (2001). Sensing pathogens and tuning immune responses. Science. 293:253-256. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1062060
- Sabbioni C, Ferranti A, Bugamelli F, Forti GC and Raggi MA. (2006). Simultaneous HPLC analysis, with isocratic elution, of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid in liquorice roots and confectionery products. Phytochemical Analysis. 17:25-31. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.877
- Seo JS, Lee TH, Lee SM, Lee SE, Seong NS and Kim J. (2009). Inhibitory effects of methanolic extracts of medicinal plants on nitric oxide production in activated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 17:173-178.
- Steinman L. (2004). Immune therapy for autoimmune diseases. Science. 305:212-216. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1099896
- Sun C, Xie Y, Tian Q and Liu H. (2008). Analysis of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin in liquorice root with microwave-assisted micellar extraction and pre-concentration. Phytochemical Analysis. 19:160-163. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.1031
- Sun HX and Pan HJ. (2006). Immunological adjuvant effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis saponins on the immune responses to ovalbumin in mice. Vaccine. 24:1914-1920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.10.040
- Williamson EM. (2001). Synergy and other interactions in phytomedicines. Phytomedicine. 8:401-409. https://doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00060