Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Comparison of Nutritional Status of the Daejeon Metropolitan Citizens by Frequency of Eating Out

외식 빈도에 따른 대전시민의 영양상태 비교

  • Suh, Yoon-Suk (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chngnam National University) ;
  • Kang, Ji-Hyun (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chngnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Han-Sook (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chngnam National University) ;
  • Chung, Young-Jin (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chngnam National University)
  • 서윤석 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 강지현 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김한숙 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 정영진 (충남대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2009.10.09
  • Accepted : 2010.03.02
  • Published : 2010.04.30
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Abstract

This study aims at investigating the health and nutritional status of the adults according to frequency of eating out. One day food intake data were collected by 24 hr recall dietary survey and body size, blood pressure and some blood lipids and other constituents were measured on 137 Daejeon metropolitan citizens 20 yrs old and above who visited Chungnam National University Hospital for physical examination during the period of December 6, to December 15, 2008. The frequency of eating out were categorized into four levels: less than once a week, once a week, 2-3 times a week, 4 times a week and above. Body mass Index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose, GPT and GOT did not showed any significant difference according to the frequency of eating out of the subjects. Though, systolic blood pressures and serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed a little tendency to be high in the subjects eating out 2-3 times a week. In the contrary, serum triglyceride level tended to be low in the same group. The subjects eating out 4 times a week and over took more total protein, animal protein, animal fat, phosphorus and vitamin $B_2$ than any other group. Also protein energy ratio was the highest in the group eating out 4 times a week and above and they took more animal food group, other food group, beverages teas and alcohols than other groups eating out. These results showed that higher frequency of eating out leads to higher intake of protein, fat, phosphorus, animal food groups and other food groups (oils, beverages, seasonings) and to lower intake of vitamin C and plant food groups. It, thus, suggested that the strategy for restaurant business is required to provide the menu substituted animal food by more plant food.

외식과 건강상태와의 관련성을 파악하고자 대학병원 건강검진센터에 내원한 20세 이상의 대전시민 137명을 대상으로 2008년 12월 6일부터 2008년 12월 15일까지 외식빈도와 체위, 혈압 및 혈청성분, 영양소 식품군 섭취량을 조사하고, 외식 빈도를 주 1회 미만, 주 1회, 주 2~3회, 주4회 이상의 4개 구간으로 분류하여 외식빈도에 따른 건강 및 영양상태의 차이를 비교하였다. 1) 외식 빈도에 따라 체위와 혈압, 혈청지질과 혈당 수준, 혈청 GPT와 GOT활성도의 평균치가 모두 정상 범위 내에 속하면서 외식 빈도가 높은 주 2~3회 외식군에서 수축기 혈압과 혈청LDL콜레스테롤과 혈청총콜레스테롤 농도가 높은 경향을 보였고, 혈청중성지방은 낮은 경향을 보였다. 2) 총단백질 (p < 0.01), 동물성단백질 (p < 0.01), 동물성 지방 (p < 0.05), 인 (p < 0.05), 비타민 $B_2$ (p < 0.05)의 평균 섭취량은 외식 빈도가 높은 주 4회 이상 외식군에서 높게 나타났으며, 비타민 C (p < 0.05)의 평균 섭취량은 외식 빈도가 낮은 주 1회 미만 외식군에서 높았다. 3) 탄수화물 에너지 비율은 주 1회 미만 외식군에서 높았고 (p < 0.001), 단백질 에너지 비율은 주 4회 이상 외식군에서 높았다 (p < 0.01). 4) 외식빈도에 따라 영양소의 평균필요량이나 충분섭취량 미만자의 분포에서 칼륨은 주 1회 미만 외식군에서 부족자의 비율이 높았고 (p < 0.05), 식이섬유소 (p < 0.05), 비타민 C (p < 0.05)는 주 4회 이상 외식군에서 부족자의 비율이 높았다. 5) 음료 차류 및 주류의 섭취량은 주 4회 이상 외식군에서 주 4회 미만 외식군들에 비해 높게 나타났으며 (p < 0.01), 감자 및 그 제품류는 주 2~3회 외식군에서 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.05). 또한 총동물성식품군, 기타식품군 중 음료 차류 주류의 섭취량은 주 4회 이상 외식군에서 다른 외식군보다 높았다 (p < 0.01). 비록 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 채소류 및 과실류, 총식물성식품군의 섭취는 주 1회 미만 외식군에서 높은 경향을 보였고, 당류와 유지류의 섭취는 주 4회 이상 외식군에서 높은 경향을 보였으며, 육류, 어패류, 우유류는 주 2~3회 이상 외식군에서 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 위의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 외식횟수가 과다하면 총동물성 식품군과 음료 차류 주류 등의 기타식품군의 섭취를 증가시켜 총단백질, 총지방, 인의 과다 섭취를 초래하고, 비타민 C와 철분, 아연의 미량영양소의 섭취부족을 초래하는 것으로 나타나서 비타민 C가 많은 채소류 음식 등 식물성 식품의 식단을 보강시키도록 요식업체에 대한 계몽과 지도가 필요한 것으로 보여진다.

Keywords

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