References
- Bai, W. N., Y. F. Zeng, and D. Y. Zhang (2007) Mating patterns and pollen dispersal in a heterodichogamous tree, Juglans mandshurica (Juglandaceae). New Phytologist 176: 699-707. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02202.x
- Min, B. S., H. K. Lee, S. M. Lee, Y. H. Kim, K. H. Bae, T. Otake, N. Nakamura, and M. Hattori (2002) Anti-human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 activity of constituents from Juglans mandshurica. Arch. Pharm. Res. 25: 441-445. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02976598
- Joe, Y. K., J. K. Son, S. H. Park, I. J. Lee, and D. C. Moon (1996) New naphthalenyl glucosides from the roots of Juglans mandshurica . J. Nat. Prot. 59: 159-160. https://doi.org/10.1021/np9600356
- Kim, S. H., K. S. Lee, J. K. Son, G. H. Je, J. S. Lee, C. H. Lee, and C. J. Cheong (1998) Cytotoxic compounds from the roots of Juglans mandshurica. J. Nat. Prod. 61: 643-645. https://doi.org/10.1021/np970413m
- Son, J. K. (1995) Isolation and structure determination of a new tetralone glucoside from the roots of Juglans mandshurica. Arch. Pharm. Res. 18: 203-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02979196
- Hearing, V. J. (1999) Biochemical control of melanogenesis and melanosomal organization. J. invest. Dermatol. Sym. Proc. 4: 24-28. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jidsp.5640176
- Hill, H. Z., W. Li, P. Xin, and D. L. Mitchell (1997) Melanin: A two edged sword? Pigment Cell Res. 10: 158-161. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1997.tb00478.x
- Kubo, M and H. Matsuda (1995) Development studies of cuticle and medicinal drugs from natural sources on melanin biosynthesis. Fragrance J. 8: 48-55.
- Hori, I., K. Nihei, and I. Kubo (2004) Structural criteria for depigmenting mechanism of arbutin. Phytother. Res. 18: 475-479. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1456
- Canabas, J., S. Chazarra, and F. Garcia-Carmona (1994) Kojic acid, a cosmetic skin whitening agent, is a slow-binding inhibitor of catecholase activity of tyrosinase. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 982-985. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1994.tb03253.x
- Ikeda, T. and T. Tsutsumi (1990) Function and skin depigmental activity of crude drugs. Fragrance J. 18: 59-66.
- Elsner, P. and H. I. Maibach (2000) Cosmeceuticals: Drugs vs. Cosmetics. pp. 123-145. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY, USA.
- Jang, D. I., B. G. Lee, C. O. Jeon, N. S. Jo, J. H. Park, S. Y. Cho, H. Lee, and J. S. Koh (1997) Melanogenesis inhibitor from paper mulberry. Cosme. & Toilet. 112: 59-62.
- Lee, S. H., J. S. Park, S. Y. Kim, J. J. Kim, and S. R. Chung (1997) The screening of the inhibitory compounds on tyrosinase activity for the natural product. Yakhak Haeji 41: 456-461.
- Blois, M. S. (1958) Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181: 1199-1200. https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0
- Furuno, K., T. Akasako, and N. Sugihara (2002) The contribution of the pyrogallol moiety to the superoxide radical scavenging activity of flavonoids. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 25: 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.25.19
- Mosmann, T. (1983) Rapid colorimetric assay for the cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxic assay. J. Immunol. Methods 65: 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
-
Martinez-Esparza, M., C. Jimenez-Cervantes, F. Solano, J. A. Lozano, and J. C. Garcia-Borron (1998) Mechanisms of melanogenesis inhibition by tumor necrosis factor-
$\alpha$ in B16/F10 mouse melanoma cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 255: 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2550139.x - Fuller, B. B., D. S. Iman, and J. B. Lunsford (1988) Comparison of tyrosinase levels in amelanotic and melanotic melanoma cell cultures by a competitive enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay and by immunotitration analysis. J. Cell. Physiol. 134: 149-154. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041340119
- Kuppusamy, P. and J. L. Zweier (1989) Characterization of free radical generation by xanthine oxidase. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 9880-9884.
- Hatano, T. (1995) Constituents of natural medicines with scavenging effects on active oxygen species-tannins and related polyphenols. Natural Medicines 49: 357-363.
- Masaki, H., S. Sakaki, T. Atsumi, and H. Sakurai (1995) Active oxygen scavenging activity of plant extracts. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 18: 162-166. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.18.162
- Englaro, W., R. Rezzonico, M. Durand-Clement, D. Lallemand, J. P. Ortonne, and R. Ballotti (1995) Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and AP-1 are activated during cAMP-induced melanogenesis in B-16 melanoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 24315-24320. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.41.24315