Agronomic Characteristics of Squash Germplasm with a low viability in National Agrobiodiversity Center, Korea

  • Kim, Jeong-Soon (National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Na, Young-Wang (National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Woo-Moon (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Gwag, Jae-Gyun (National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Chung-Kon (National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shim, Chang-Ki (National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 투고 : 2009.11.28
  • 발행 : 2010.03.31

초록

More than 2,500 accessions of squash germplasm are preserved in the National Agrobidiversity Center of RDA, Korea. We investigated the ecological and morphological characteristics on 100 accessions of the squash germplasms with a low viability. Two typical types of oriental squash (Cucurbita moschata) and western squash (Cucurbita maxima) are possessed 89 and 11 accessions, respectively. The origin of 100 accessions was divided into three groups, group I (Korea landraces with 81 accessions), group II (Nepal with 15 accessions) and group III (Russia, Uzbekistan, Laos, and Mexico with each one accession). Seventy eight accessions germinated at $27^{\circ}C$ in growth chamber. Days to first flowering of the female and male flower ranged from 32 days to 67 days and 24 days to 55 days after planting, respectively. Vine length showed the largest variation ranging from 357.8 cm to 1,465 cm, also the average length of ten stem node range has a variable ranges from 92 cm to 217.5 cm. All regenerated squash accessions have an only collided tendril and have three to seven lateral shoots. The flattened globe-shaped squash is the most predominant and exhibited ordinarily round shaped, ball shaped, long oblong-shaped, elongated shape, and pear shape. The average weight of fruit ranged from 1.33 kg to 7.95 kg. Sugar contents showed 5.4~12.6 $Brix^{\circ}$ without ripening period.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. An, K. B., J. W. Lim, M. W. Seo, H. C. Rhee, C. J. Yu, K. C. Kwon, and H. Y. Park. 1994. Research on characteristic factors of 63 native accessions Cucurbita moschata Duch. at central districts in Korea. Kyung-gi Agri. Research (KGARR) 7:107-113.
  2. Andres, T. C. In: Biology and Utilization of the Cucurbitaceae. Bates DM, Robinson RW, Jeffrey C, editors. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press; 1990. pp. 102–119.
  3. Boyette, G., E. Templeton, and L. R. Oliver. 1984. Texas gourd (Cucurbita texana) control. Weed Science 32:649-655.
  4. Chung, H. D., S. J. Youn, and Y. J. Choi. 1998. Ecological and morphological characteristics of Korean native Squash (Cucurbit mosachata). J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 39:377-384.
  5. Correll, D. S. and M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. Texas Research Foundation, Renner.
  6. Cowan, C. W. and B. D. Smith 1993. New perspectives on a wild gourd in eastern North America. Journal of Ethnobiology 13:17-54.
  7. Decker, D. S., T. W. Walters, C. W. Cowan. and B. D. Smith. 1993. Isozymic characterization of wild populations of Cucurbita pepo. Journal of Ethnobiology 13:55-72.
  8. Decker, D. S. and T. W. Walters. 2000. Squash. In: F. y Kiple, K. C. Ornelas, (eds.). The Cambridge world history of food. Cambridge University Press 1:335-351.
  9. Decker, D. S. and H. D.Wilson. 1987. Allozyme variation in the Cucurbita pepo complex: C. pepo var. ovifera vs. C. texana. Systematic Botany 12:263-273. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419320
  10. Decker, D. S. and H. D. Wilson. 1986a. Numerical analysis of seed morphology in Cucurbita pepo. Syst. Bot. 11:595-607. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419038
  11. Decker, D. S. and H. D. Wilson. 1986b. Allozyme variation in the Cucurbita pepo complex: C. pepo var. ovifera vs. C. texana. Syst. Bot. 12:263-273.
  12. FAO. 1992. FAO Yearbook: Production. vol. 45. Rome.
  13. FAO. 2006. FAOSTAT data. http://faostat.fao.org/faostat/collections?subset=agriculture. 31 Jan. 2006.
  14. FAO/IPGRI. 1994. Genebank Standards. FAO/IPGRI, Rome, Italy.
  15. Goldman, A. 2004. The complete squash: a passionate grower's guide to pumpkins, squashes, and gourds. New York. Artisan Press.
  16. Grumet, R. and F. Gifford 1998. Plant biotechnology in the United States: Issues and challenges in route to commercial production. HortScience 33:187-192.
  17. Hurd, D. P., E. G. Linsley. and T. W. Whitaker. 1971. Squash and gourd bees and the origin of the cultivated cucurbit. Evolution 25:218-234. https://doi.org/10.2307/2406514
  18. IBPGR. 1982. World Genetic Resources for the Cucurbitaceae. FAO, Rome.
  19. Jeffrey, C. 1990. Systematic of the Cucurbitaceae: an overview. p. 3-9. En: D. M. Bates, R. W. Robinson, and C. Jeffrexy. (eds.). Biology and utilization of the Cucurbitaceae. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
  20. Kemble, J. M., E. J. Sikora, M. G. Patterson, G. W. Zehnder. and E. Bauske. 2005. Guide to Commercial Summer Squash Production. Alabama Cooperative Extension System. ANR-1014. pp. 11.
  21. Kim, B. H. and Y. G. Seo. 1976. Studies on the interspecific hybrids of Cucurbita species. (II)-Breeding process and chacacteristic of Bulam Sachel Aehobak. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 17:38-46.
  22. Kirkpatrick, K. J. and H. D. Wilson. 1988. Interspecific gene flow in Cucurbita: C. texana vs. C. pepo. American Journal of Botany 75:519-527. https://doi.org/10.2307/2444217
  23. Kovatch, J. T. 2003. Squash. Master Gardeners Journal. MG-283. Washington.
  24. Kwack, S. N. and K. Fujieda. 1988. Growth habit in population of an interspecific cross Cucurbita pepo x C. moschata. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 29:9-12.
  25. McCormack, J. H. 2005. Cucumber Seed Production. ver. 1.4. California. pp.36.
  26. McCreight, J. D. 1998. Cucurbitaceae '98: Evaluation and enhancement of cucurbit germplasm. Asilomar, Calif. Alexandria, Va. ASHS Press.
  27. Nee, M. 1990. The domestication of Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae). Econ. Bot.:44 (3 suppl.):56-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02860475
  28. Oris, I. S., R. P. Dolores, C. A. Thomas. and W. B. Linda. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships among domesticated and wild species of Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae) inferred from a mitochondrial gene: Implications for crop plant evolution and areas of origin. PNAS 99: 535-540. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.012577299
  29. Paris, H. S. 2001. History of the cultivar-groups of Cucurbita pepo. Hort. Rev. 25:71-170.
  30. Paris, H.S. and R. N. Brown. 2005. The genes of pumpkin and squash. Hortscience 40: 1620-1630.
  31. Peirce, L. C. 1987. Vegetables, chacateristics, production, and maketing. John Wiley & Sons, N. Y.
  32. Rao, N. K., Hanson, M. E. Dulloo, K. Ghosh, D. Nowell. and M. Larinde. 2006. Manual of Seed Handling in Genebanks Hanbook for Genebank No 8. Bioversity International, Rome, Italy.
  33. RDA. 2004. Descriptors of Evaluation, Characterization and Management for Germplasms: Vegetable Marrow, Squash (Cucurbita spp.). Suwon. p. 45.
  34. Robinson, R.W. and D. S. Walters. 1997. Cucurbits. N.Y.: CAB International.
  35. Smith, B. D., C. W. Cowan. and M. P. Hoffman. 1992. Is it an indigene or a foreigner? In Rivers of change: Essays on the origins of agriculture in eastern North America, ed. B. D. Smith, pp. 67-100. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
  36. Thomas, C. A. 2000. A Preliminary Survey of Oilseeds in the Cucurbitaceae. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 23:96-98.
  37. Wilson, H. D., J. Doebley. and M. Duvall. 1992. Chloroplast DNA diversity among wild and cultivated members of Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae). Theor Appl Genet. 84:859-865.
  38. Wilson H. D. 1990. Gene flow in squash species. Bioscience 40:449-455. https://doi.org/10.2307/1311392
  39. Wunderlin, R. P. 1982. Guide to the vascular plants of central Florida. Tampa, Florida: University Presses of Florida.
  40. Zeven, A. C. and P. M. Zhukovsky. 1975. Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centers of diversity. Wagenigen.
  41. Zhou, X. L. 1987. A study on the breeding of named kernel pumpkin and its genetic behavior. Acta. Hort. Sin. 14:115-118.