Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology (한국군사과학기술학회지)

The Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology (한국군사과학기술학회)
권호 표지

Effect of Electrode Structures on Electron Emission of the $Pb(Zr_{0.56}Ti_{0.44})O_3$ Ferroelectric Cathode

$Pb(Zr_{0.56}Ti_{0.44})O_3$ 강유전체 음극의 전극 모형에 따른 전자 방출 특성

  • Received : 2010.04.05
  • Accepted : 2010.07.12
  • Published : 2010.08.05
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Electric-field-induced electron emission from the three kinds of $Pb(Zr_{0.56}Ti_{0.44})O_3$ ferroelectric cathodes with different electrode structure has been investigated. Regardless of the electrode structures, a threshold field of the each cathode was 2.5-2.6kV/mm, which is 3 times higher than the coercive field of $Pb(Zr_{0.56}Ti_{0.44})O_3$ material. Although the waveform of the electron currents was affected by the structure of the electrode, no significant difference for the emission properties such as the peak current and the pulse width was observed from the three kinds of the cathodes. However, the current density of the cathode was dependent on the electrode structure. From the simulation of electric field distribution, the surface flashover, and the injury region of the cathode surface, it was proved that the prime electrons were initiated at the electrode-ceramic-vacuum triple point by field emission and the emission currents were strongly enhanced by the surface plasma.

Keywords

References

  1. H. Gundel, H. Riege, E. Wilson, J. Handerek, and K. Zioutas, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. Vol. 34, p. 193, 1989.
  2. G. Rosenman, D. Shur, Ya. E. Krasik, and A. Dunaevsky, "Electron Emission from Ferroelectrics", J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 88, No. 11, pp. 6109-6160, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1319378
  3. A. Sh. Airapetov, I. I. Ivabchik, A. N. Lebedev, I. V. Levshin, and N. A. Tikhomirova, "Pulsed Exoemission of Electron During Incomplete Polarization Reversal of Ferroelectric Materials", Sov. Phys. Dokl. 35(3), pp. 267-269, 1990.
  4. B. Jiang, G. Kirkman, and N. Rhinehardt, "High Brightness Electron Beam Produced by a Ferroelectric Cathode", Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 66, pp. 1196-1198, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.113855
  5. Y. Hayashi and E. Hotta, "Characteristics of Microwave Application using an Electron Beam Generated from Ferroelectric Cathode", Jpn. J. Appl. Phys,. Vol. 42, Part 2, No. 7B, pp. L869-L872, July 2003. https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.42.L869
  6. Y. Bar-Cohen, S. S. Lih, X. Bao, and S. Sherrit, "Ferroelectric-based Single Source of Multiple Types of Radiation Enabling Multifunctional NDE and Analytical Instruments", ASNT Journal, Materials Evaluation, Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 407-411, 2006.
  7. Y. E. Krasik, K. Chirko, J. Z. Gleizer, A. Krokhmal, A. Dunaevsky, and J. Felsteiner, "Application of a Ferroelectric Plasma Cathode as a High-current Switch", Eur. Phys. J. D 19, pp. 89-95, 2002.
  8. G. Rosenman, D. Shur, and A. Skliar, "Ferroelectric Electron Emission Flat Panel Display", J. Appl. Phys, Vol. 79, No. 8, pp. 7401-7403, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.362664
  9. K. Chirko, V. Ts. Curovich, Ya. E. Krasik, O. Peleg, and J. Felsteiner, "High-frequency Electron Beam Modulation by a Ferroelectric Cathode with Anomalous Plasma Resistance", Phys. Plasma, Vol. 11, No. 8, pp. 3865-3876, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1767542
  10. H. Gundel, H. Riege, E. J. N. Wilson, J. Handerek, and K. Zioutas, "Fast Polarization Changes in Ferroelectrics and Their Application in Accelerators", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol. 280, pp. 1-6, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)91266-7
  11. G. A. Mesyatz, "Electron Emission from a Ferroelectric Ceramic", Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol. 20, pp. 8-9, 1994.
  12. D. Shur, G. Rosenman, Ya. E. Krasik, and V. D. Kugel, "Plasma-assisted Electron Emission from $(Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O_{3}$ Ceramic Cathodes", J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 79, No. 7, pp. 3669-3674, 1995.
  13. D. N. J. Shannon, P. W. Smith, P. J. Dobson, and M. J. Shaw, "Dual Mode Electron Emission from Ferroelectric Ceramics", Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 70, No. 12, pp. 1625-1627, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118635
  14. B. Jaffe, W. R. Cook, Jr. and H. J Jaffe, Piezoelectric Ceramics, Academic Press, London and New York, p. 147, 1971.