DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Critical earthquake loads for SDOF inelastic structures considering evolution of seismic waves

  • Moustafa, Abbas (Department of Civil Engineering, Minia University) ;
  • Ueno, Kohei (Department of Urban & Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University) ;
  • Takewaki, Izuru (Department of Urban & Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University)
  • 투고 : 2009.11.24
  • 심사 : 2010.03.24
  • 발행 : 2010.06.25

초록

The ground acceleration measured at a point on the earth's surface is composed of several waves that have different phase velocities, arrival times, amplitudes, and frequency contents. For instance, body waves contain primary and secondary waves that have high frequency content and reach the site first. Surface waves are composed of Rayleigh and Love waves that have lower phase velocity, lower frequency content and reach the site next. Some of these waves could be of more damage to the structure depending on their frequency content and associated amplitude. This paper models critical earthquake loads for single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) inelastic structures considering evolution of the seismic waves in time and frequency. The ground acceleration is represented as combination of seismic waves with different characteristics. Each seismic wave represents the energy of the ground motion in certain frequency band and time interval. The amplitudes and phase angles of these waves are optimized to produce the highest damage in the structure subject to explicit constraints on the energy and the peak ground acceleration and implicit constraints on the frequency content and the arrival time of the seismic waves. The material nonlinearity is modeled using bilinear inelastic law. The study explores also the influence of the properties of the seismic waves on the energy demand and damage state of the structure. Numerical illustrations on modeling critical earthquake excitations for one-storey inelastic frame structures are provided.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science

참고문헌

  1. Abbas, A.M. (2006), "Critical seismic load inputs for simple inelastic structures", J. Sound Vib., 296, 949-967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.03.021
  2. Abbas, A.M. and Manohar, C.S. (2002), "Investigations into critical earthquake load models within deterministic and probabilistic frameworks", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 31(4), 813-832. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.124
  3. Abbas A.M. and Manohar, C.S. (2007), "Reliability-based vector nonstationary random critical earthquake excitations for parametrically excited systems", Struct. Safe., 29, 32-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2005.11.003
  4. Akiyama, H. (1985), Earthquake-resistant limit-state design for buildings, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.
  5. Amiri, G.G. and Dana, F.M. (2005), "Introduction to the most suitable parameter for selection of critical earthquakes", Comput. Struct., 83(8-9), 613-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.10.010
  6. Arias, A. (1970), A measure of earthquake intensity: seismic design of nuclear power plants, Cambridge, MA, MIT press, 438-468.
  7. Arora, J.S. (2004), Introduction to optimum design, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego.
  8. Chopra, A.K. (2007), Dynamics of structures, Prentice-Hall, 3rd edition, NJ.
  9. Conte, J.P. (1992), "Effects of earthquake frequency nonstationarity on inelastic structural response", Proc. of 10th World Conf. on Earthq. Eng., Rotterdam, A.A. Balkema.
  10. Conte, J.P. and Peng, B.F. (1997), "Fully nonstationary analytical earthquake ground-motion model", J. Eng. Mech., 123(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1997)123:1(15)
  11. Cosenza, C., Manfredi, G. and Ramasco, R. (1993), "The use of damage functionals in earthquake engineering: a comparison between different methods", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 22, 855-868. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290221003
  12. Der Kiureghian, A. (1996), "A coherency model for spatially varying ground motions", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 25, 99-111. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199601)25:1<99::AID-EQE540>3.0.CO;2-C
  13. Der Kiureghian, A. and Crempien, J. (1989), "An evolutionary model for earthquake ground motion", Struct. Safe., 6, 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4730(89)90024-6
  14. Drenick, RF. (1970), "Model-free design of aseismic structures", J. Eng. Mech., 96, 483-493.
  15. Elnashai, A.S. and Sarno, L.D. (2008), Fundamentals of earthquake engineering, Chapter 3: Earthquake input motion, John Wiley & Sons, England.
  16. Fajfar, P. (1992), "Equivalent ductility factors, taking into account low-cyclic fatigue", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 21, 837-848. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290211001
  17. Ghobara, A., Abou-Elfath, H. and Biddah, A. (1999), "Response-based damage assessment of structures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 28, 79-104. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199901)28:1<79::AID-EQE805>3.0.CO;2-J
  18. He, W.L. and Agrawal, A.K. (2008), "Analytical model of ground motion pulses for the design and assessment of seismic protective systems", J. Struct. Eng., 134(7), 1177-1188. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:7(1177)
  19. Hudson, J.A. (1969), "A quantitative evaluation of seismic signals at teleseismic distances-II: body waves and surface waves from an extended source", Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 18, 353-370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1969.tb03574.x
  20. Iyengar, R.N. (1970), "Matched inputs", Report 47, Series J, Center for Applied Stochastics, Purdue University, West Lafayete, Indiana.
  21. Lin, Y.K. and Yong, Y. (1987), "Evolutionary Kanai-Tajimi earthquake models", J. Eng. Mech., 113(8), 1119-1137. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1987)113:8(1119)
  22. Meyer, P., Ochsendorf, J., Germaine, J. and Kausel, E. (2007), "The impact of high-frequency/low-energy seismic waves on unreinforced masonry", Earthq. Spectra, 23, 77-94. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2431211
  23. Moustafa, A. (2009a), "Critical earthquake load inputs for multi-degree-of-freedom inelastic structures", J. Sound Vib., 325, 532-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2009.03.022
  24. Moustafa, A. (2009b), "Discussion of a new approach of selecting real input ground motions for seismic design: the most unfavorable real seismic design ground motions", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 38, 1143-1149. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.885
  25. Moustafa, A. and Takewaki, I. (2009), "Use of probabilistic and deterministic measures to identify unfavorable earthquake records", J. Zhej. Uni.: Science A, 10(5), 619-634.
  26. Nigam, N.C. and Narayanan, S. (1994), Applications of random vibrations, Chapter 7: Response of structures to earthquakes, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.
  27. Okada, K. and Shibata, T. (2008), Geomechanics, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
  28. Park, Y.J. and Ang, A.H.S. (1985), "Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete", J. Struct. Eng., 111(4), 722-739. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(722)
  29. Park, Y.J., Ang, A.H.S. and Wen, Y.K. (1987), "Damage-limiting aseismic design of buildings", Earthq. Spectra, 3(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585416
  30. Powell, G.H. and Allahabadi, R. (1988). "Seismic damage predictions by deterministic methods: concepts and procedures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 16, 719-734. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290160507
  31. Shinozuka, M. (1970), "Maximum structural response to seismic excitations", J. Eng. Mech., 96, 729-738.
  32. Takewaki, I. (2002), "Seismic critical excitation method for robust design: a review", J. Struct. Eng., 128(5), 665-672. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002)128:5(665)
  33. Takewaki, I. (2004a), "Bound of earthquake input energy", J. Struct. Eng., 130, 1289-1297. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:9(1289)
  34. Takewaki, I. (2004b), "Critical envelope functions for non-stationary random earthquake input", Comput. Struct., 82(20-21), 1671-1683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.04.004
  35. Takewaki, I. (2005), "Resonance and criticality measure of ground motions via probabilistic critical excitation method", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 21(8), 645-659.
  36. Takewaki, I. (2006), "Probabilistic critical excitation method for earthquake energy input rate", J. Eng. Mech., 132, 990-1000. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2006)132:9(990)
  37. Takewaki, I. (2007), Critical excitation methods in earthquake engineering, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1-22.
  38. Uang, C.M. and Bertero, V.V. (1990), "Evaluation of seismic energy in structures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 19, 77-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290190108
  39. Wang, Z.L., Konietzky, H. and Shen, R.F. (2010), "Analytical and numerical study of P-wave attenuation in rock shelter layer", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 30(1-2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2009.05.004
  40. Zahrah, T.F. and Hall, W.J. (1984), "Earthquake energy absorption in SDOF structures", J. Struct. Eng., 110, 1757-1772. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1984)110:8(1757)
  41. Zhai, C.H. and Xie, L.L. (2007), "A new approach of selecting real input ground motions for seismic design: the most unfavourable real seismic design ground motions", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 36, 1009-1027. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.669

피인용 문헌

  1. Towards Narrowing Unexpected Issues in Future Earthquakes: A Review vol.16, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.16.5.931
  2. Closed-Form Overturning Limit of Rigid Block under Critical Near-Fault Ground Motions vol.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2016.00009
  3. Critical Earthquake Response of Elastic–Plastic Structures Under Near-Fault Ground Motions (Part 2: Forward-Directivity Input) vol.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2015.00013
  4. Closed-Form Critical Earthquake Response of Elastic–Plastic Structures on Compliant Ground under Near-Fault Ground Motions vol.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2016.00001
  5. Beyond Uncertainties in Earthquake Structural Engineering vol.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2015.00001
  6. Combinatorial continuous non-stationary critical excitation in M.D.O.F structures using multi-peak envelope functions vol.7, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.6.895
  7. Critical Response of 2DOF Elastic–Plastic Building Structures under Double Impulse as Substitute of Near-Fault Ground Motion vol.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2016.00002
  8. Seismic performance investigation of RC piers with lap-spliced longitudinal bars as to aspect ratio vol.18, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0586-z
  9. Critical Earthquake Response of Elastic–Plastic Structures Under Near-Fault Ground Motions (Part 1: Fling-Step Input) vol.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2015.00012
  10. Robustness analysis of elastoplastic structure subjected to double impulse vol.383, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.07.023
  11. Critical Double Impulse Input and Bound of Earthquake Input Energy to Building Structure vol.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2015.00005
  12. Toward greater building earthquake resilience using concept of critical excitation: A review vol.9, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2013.02.001
  13. Building earthquake resilience in sustainable cities in terms of input energy vol.12, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2014.01.004
  14. Effects of frequency contents of aftershock ground motions on reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns vol.97, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.02.012
  15. A method to extract successive velocity pulses governing structural response from long-period ground motion vol.21, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-017-9669-x
  16. Closed-Form Dynamic Stability Criterion for Elastic–Plastic Structures under Near-Fault Ground Motions vol.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2016.00006
  17. Critical Input and Response of Elastic–Plastic Structures Under Long-Duration Earthquake Ground Motions vol.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2015.00015
  18. Earthquake response spectra estimation of bilinear hysteretic systems using random-vibration theory method vol.8, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.5.1055
  19. Closure to discussion of critical earthquake load inputs for multi-degree-of-freedom inelastic structures vol.330, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.09.002
  20. CRITICAL INPUT FOR INELASTIC STRUCTURES UNDER EVOLVING SEISMIC WAVES vol.76, pp.659, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3130/aijs.76.79
  21. Scaling of design earthquake ground motions for tall buildings based on drift and input energy demands vol.2, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2011.2.2.171
  22. Effect of ground motion characteristics on the pure friction isolation system vol.3, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2012.3.2.169
  23. Criteria for processing response-spectrum-compatible seismic accelerations simulated via spectral representation vol.3, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2012.3.3_4.341
  24. Seismic design of structures using a modified non-stationary critical excitation vol.4, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.4.4.383
  25. General Dynamic Collapse Criterion for Elastic-Plastic Structures Under Double Impulse as Substitute of Near-Fault Ground Motion vol.6, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2020.00084
  26. Generation of critical aftershocks using stochastic neural networks and wavelet packet transform vol.26, pp.5, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546319879536
  27. Influence of Pulse-Like Near-Fault Ground Motions on the Base-Isolated Buildings with LRB Devices vol.26, pp.4, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000603