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Clinical Analysis of Infective Endocarditis

감염성 심내막염의 임상적 고찰

  • Kim, Hyuck (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Hak (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Chung, Won-Sang (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Shin, Kyung-Wook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Hoon (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
  • 김혁 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김영학 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정원상 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 신경욱 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김지훈 (한양대학교 의과대학 서울병원 흉부외과학교실)
  • Received : 2010.09.27
  • Accepted : 2010.11.22
  • Published : 2010.12.05

Abstract

Background: The indications and the optimal time of surgery of infective endocarditis are controversial. We report the surgical results of our hospital during the last 10 years with literature review. Material and Method: Between January 2000 and December 2009, we enrolled 23 infective endocarditis patients who underwent surgery, and analyzed retrospectively. In the preoperative blood culture, 8 cases (34.8%) were positive. The average preoperative antibiotics treatment period was $20.78{\pm}16.00$ days. There were 12 (52.2%) urgent operations. The average follow up period was $49.26{\pm}33.21$ months. Result: 20 mechanical valve replacements were performed, 9 in aortic position, 8 in mitral position and 3 in the both positions. The other procedures were one mitral valvuloplasty, one infected myxoma extirpation, and one infected pacemaker lead removal with debridement. The average period of postoperative intravenous antibiotic treatment was $24.39{\pm}15.98$ days. There were 5 complications, including 2 cases of postoperative bleeding, one postcardiotomy syndrome, one cerebral ischemia, and a low cardiac output syndrome. There were statistically significant postoperative improvement in NYHA class, left ventricle end diastolic/end systolic volume, and left atrium size (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: We could obtain the satisfactory results without any moftalities by using sufficient preoperative antibiotics in hemodynamically stable patients, and by prompt surgery in unstable patients.

배경: 감염성 심내막염의 수술 적응증 및 시기 등은 논란의 대상이다. 저자들은 본 교실에서 최근 10년간 연속적으로 수술받은 감염성 성내막염 환자들에 대한 수술 결과를 분석하여 적절한 수술 적응증 및 시기 등에 대해 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2009년 12월까지 본원에서 연속적으로 수술한 감염성 심내막염 환자 23예를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 진단은 modified Duke criteria에 준하였고 남녀 비율 2.8:1, 평균연령 $46.78{\pm}16.19$ (24~76)세, NYHA 기능 분류상 class I 1예(4.3%), class II 4예 (17.4%), class III 10예(43.5%), class IV 8예(34.8%)였다. 수술 전 혈액내 균 배양 검사에서 8예 (34.8%)가 원인균이 동정되었고 수술 전 평균 항생제 사용기간은 $20.78{\pm}16.00$ (1~56)일이었다. ACC/AHA 심장판막질환 지침중 감염성 심내막염의 수술 적응증에 근거하여 수술을 진행하였으며 12예(52.2%)에서 긴급 수술이 필요하였다. 23명의 환자 모두 외래 추적 관찰이 가능하였으며 평균 외래 추적 관찰 기간은 $49.26{\pm}33.21$ (11~128)개월이었다. 결과: 수술 소견상 우종은 20예에서 발견되었고 대동맥판막 치환술 9예, 승모판막 치환술 8예, 승모판막 성형술 1예, 대동맥판막 치환술과 승모판막 치환술을 함께 시행한 3예가 있었다. 승모판막 성형술 l예를 제외한 20예의 판막치환술 환자 중 19예에서 기계판막을 사용하였다. 감염된 점액종의 제거술이 1예, 감염된 심박동기 lead의 제거술 및 감염조직 절제술이 1예였다. 수술 후 평균 항생제 투여 기간은 $24.39{\pm}15.98$ (l2~85) 일이었다. 수술 후 합병증은 출혈로 재수술한 2예, 심낭막절개술 후 증후군으로 배액술이 필요했던 l예, 수술장에서 발생한 저심박출증 l예, 수술 후 일과성 뇌 허혈증이 있었던 l예 등이었다. 수술 전후로 비교한 NYHA 기능분류는 통계적으로 유의한 개선이 있었고(p<0.001) 평균 좌심실 구현률은 유의하지 않았으며(p=0.468) 좌심실 이완기말/수축기말 크기, 좌심방 크기는 유의한 개선이 있었다(p<0.05). 결론: 감염성 심내막염 환자에서 적절한 수술 적응증을 적용하여 조기수술을 필요로 하는 환자에서는 적시에 수술을 시행하였으며 혈류역학적으로 안정된 경우는 충분한 항생제 투여로 전신성 염증의 소설을 유도한 후 수술을 시행하여 전 예에서 수술 사망이나 감염의 재발없이 좋은 단중기 수술 성적을 얻을 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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