Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure and pH on the Reduction of Garlic Off-flavor

초고압처리 시간과 pH 변화에 의한 마늘의 이취성분 저감화

  • Lim, Chae-Lan (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Hong, Eun-Jeung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Noh, Bong-Soo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Choi, Won-Seok (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungju National University)
  • 임채란 (서울여자대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 홍은정 (서울여자대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 노봉수 (서울여자대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 최원석 (충주대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2010.06.07
  • Accepted : 2010.08.03
  • Published : 2010.10.31
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Abstract

Effects of pH (1.8-10.2) and time (56 sec-15 min 4 sec) at high hydrostatic pressure (500 MPa) on the reduction of volatile compounds in garlic were studied. Volatile components of garlic were obtained from the headspace, analyzed, and identified by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry and an electronic nose. Nineteen sulfur compounds were identified as major compounds in garlic, and furan, aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones were also detected. Off-flavor compounds were more effectively reduced under strong acidic conditions. As the residence time at 500 MPa increased from 56 sec to 15 min 4 sec, the total amount of volatile compounds decreased significantly. The total amount of sulfur compounds decreased about 70% compared to those of raw garlic when the garlic was soaked in buffer (pH 6.0) and treated at 500 MPa for 15 min 4 sec. A principal component analysis showed that the off-flavors of garlic were reduced by the operating time of high hydrostatic pressure as well as pH treatment. The correlation coefficient of the results between GC and the electronic nose analysis was 0.9620. Therefore, pH and high hydrostatic pressure treatment could be used as an efficient method for reducing of garlic off-flavor.

마늘의 사용 확대와 고부가가치의 새로운 기능성 소재 및 제품을 개발하고자 마늘의 독특한 향을 제거하기 위하여 침지액의 pH와 초고압처리시간을 달리하여 실험하였으며, 마늘향의 변화를 GC와 전자코를 이용하여 측정하였다. 시료를 90분간 완충용액(pH 1.8-10.2)에 침지 시킨 뒤 500 MPa의 압력으로 56초-15분4초 초고압처리를 하였다. GC 분석 결과 19개의 함황화합물이 분리 동정되었고 알데하이드, 알콜, 퓨란, 탄화수소, 케톤류 역시 검출되었다. 전자코 분석으로 얻은 데이터로 주성분 분석을 실시한 결과 초고압처리한 시료 모두 대조구에 비하여 이취가 많이 감소하였고, 초고압처리시간이 증가할수록 마늘의 향이 급격히 감소하였다. 강산성 및 강알카리 조건에서도 마늘의 향은 감소하였다. pH는 마늘 향의 형성에 영향을 주었으며 특히 강산의 경우 마늘향의 저감화에 더 효과적이었다. 초고압처리시간이 증가함에 따라 총 sulfide 화합물의 양이 감소하였고 pH 6의 용액에 침지 후 15분 4초간 초고압처리한 시료의 경우 생마늘에 비하여 향이 약 70% 감소하였다. 전자코와 GC-MS 결과의 상관성 분석 결과 $R^2$ 값이 0.9620로 나타나 두 실험결과가 유사함을 입증해 주었다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 침지액의 pH와 초고압처리시간의 조절로 마늘 이취의 저감화가 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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