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Oseltamivir efficacy, side effects, and safety in children with influenza

인플루엔자 바이러스 감염 소아 환아에서 Oseltamivir 약제 효용성과 단기간.장기간 부작용 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

  • Seo, Eun Sun (Department of Pediatics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center) ;
  • Park, Geun Hwa (Department of Pediatics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Sung Mi (Department of Pediatics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Sung Won (Department of Pediatics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center) ;
  • Jung, Woo Sik (Department of Pediatics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center) ;
  • Cho, Kyung Soon (Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Park, Yeon Gyeong (Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Lee, Chang Kyu (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anam Hospital of Korea University Medical Center) ;
  • Kang, Chun (Department of Influenza, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Lee, Joo Yeon (Department of Influenza, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Choi, Woo Young (Department of Influenza, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
  • 서은선 (부산 성모병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 박근화 (부산 성모병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 김성미 (부산 성모병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 김성원 (부산 성모병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 정우식 (부산 성모병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 조경순 (부산광역시 보건 환경 연구원) ;
  • 박연경 (부산광역시 보건 환경 연구원) ;
  • 이창규 (고려대학교 부속 안암병원 진단검사의학과) ;
  • 강춘 (질병관리본부 국립보건연구원 인플루엔자 바이러스팀) ;
  • 이주연 (질병관리본부 국립보건연구원 인플루엔자 바이러스팀) ;
  • 최우영 (질병관리본부 국립보건연구원 인플루엔자 바이러스팀)
  • Received : 2009.09.14
  • Accepted : 2009.12.07
  • Published : 2010.01.15

Abstract

Purpose : Although oseltamivir is widely used for treatment of influenza, few clinical studies of its efficacy and resistance have been performed in Korea. We evaluated the safety, side effects, and efficacy of oseltamivir treatment in Korean pediatric patients. Methods : We analyzed 321 children diagnosed with influenza at Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Korea, between January 2008 and June 2008 (first study period) and November 2008 and January 2009 (second study period). Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving oseltamivir treatment for 5 days and those receiving only symptomatic treatment. We investigated clinical symptoms, side effects, and resistance to oseltamivir. We also identified influenza strains and evaluated resistance to oseltamivir using an influenza virus culture. Results : One hundred eighty-six patients were assigned to the treatment group, and 135 were assigned to the control group. The treatment group showed shorter admission duration (4.4 days) compared with controls (5.0 days) (P =0.000) and had fewer lower respiratory tract complications compared with controls (P <0.05). No significant statistical difference in the virus antigenic type was observed between the groups. In the first study period, virus culture showed influenza B (41.7% vs. 49.6%), A/H3N2 (7.9% vs. 8.4%), and A/H1N1 (9.4% vs. 6.5%). In the second study period, only A/H1N1 (55.3% vs. 50.0%) was isolated, except for one case of A (H3N2) in the treatment group. No differences in short- and long-term side effects, including neuropsychologic side effects, were noted between groups. There was no resistance to oseltamivir before or after treatment in the first study period. Conclusion : Based on our results, we suggest that osetalmivir therapy in pediatric patients is effective.

목 적 : Oseltamivir는 neuramidase inhibitor으로 인플루엔자의 치료제로 국내에서 사용하고 있지만, 약제사용으로 인한 부작용이나 효용성 및 내성에 대한 국내 연구는 미흡하여 이에 대해서 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2008년 1월부터 2008년 6월까지와 2008년 11월부터 2009년 1월까지의 두차례의 인플루엔자 유행기간 동안, 부산 성모 병원에서 독감 유사 증상 있어, 신속 항원 진단법으로 독감 진단받고 입원한 321명의 환아를 대상으로 하여, 환아들을 oseltamivir 치료군과 비치료군으로 무작위하여 전향적인 연구를 시행하였다. 치료군에서는 oseltamivir를 5일간 투여하였고, 비치료군에서는 증상 조절제만 사용하였다. 양군 모두에서 임상증상과 부작용을 관찰하였고 입원 기간 등을 조사하였고, 퇴원 4-8개월 후 전화 상담을 통하여 신경정신학적인 이상 유무를 확인하였다. 바이러스 배양 검사 및 oseltamivir에 대한 내성검사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 두 기간 동안 본원 소아청소년과에 입원하였던 총 321명의 환아들을 분석하였고, oseltamivir 치료군은 186명, 비치료군은 135명이었다. Oseltamivir 치료군에서 비치료군에 비해 입원 당시 발병후 48시간이 경과한 환아들이 많았음에도 하기도 합병증이 현저히 적었고, 두 기간 동안 의미 있는 입원 기간 단축을 보였다(4.4일 vs. 5.0일) (P =0.000). 두 기간 동안 치료 군에서 경미한 소화기계 부작용을 보였으나 심각한 정신신경학적인 부작용을 보인 예는 없었다. 전반기 동안에는 양군 모두에서 influenza B (치료군 vs. 비치료군; 41.7% vs. 49.6%)가 가장 많이 동정 되었고, A/H3N2, A/H1N1 순으로 동정되었으며, 후반기 동안에는 치료군에서 A/H3N2가 배양된 한명의 환아를 제외하고는 양군 모두에서 A/H1N1이 동정되었다. 전반기동안 배양된 바이러스에 대한 oseltamivir 내성 검사상 치료 시작 전이나 치료 후 48-72시간 모두에서 oseltamivir에 대한 약제 내성은 발견되지 않았다. 결 론 : oseltamivir 치료군에서는 정신신경학적인 부작용을 포함한 다른 심각한 부작용 없이 입원 기간을 단축시키면서 하기도 합병증의 감소를 보이는 임상적인 효용성을 보여 소아 인플루엔자 치료에 있어 oseltamivir 치료의 효용성과 안전성을 보여주었다.

Keywords

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