Study on the Effect of Contact Angles of Elastic Rubber Impression Materials on the Surface of Working Cast

탄성 고무인상재의 접촉각이 작업모형 표면에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Joo-Won (Department of dental hygiene, Sorbol College)
  • Received : 2010.04.26
  • Accepted : 2010.06.18
  • Published : 2010.06.30

Abstract

This study was begun to search effect of contact angles of elastic rubber impression materials on the surface of working cast. Of elastic rubber impression materials with a Type III consistency, such as polysulfide, polyether and addition silicone, we selected one and then measured the contact angle after dripping a distilled water 3.3ml. Then, after pouring a dental anhydrite in three types of impression materials, we prepared a working cast and then examined its surface. Contact angle was measured using a full automatic contact angle measuring system (DM-700, KYOWA, Japan), and the surface of working cast was observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (JSM-6700F, JEOL Ltd., JAPAN). The following results were obtained: 1) $Mean{\pm}SD$ (SD: standard deviation) of the initial contact angles were $91.3{\pm}20.5^{\circ}$ in the addition silicone materials, $90.0{\pm}2.2^{\circ}$ in the polyethers and $101.5{\pm}2.3^{\circ}$ in the polysulfides. These results indicate that mean values were similar but standard deviations of the three materials showed a great discrepancy. 2) As the time elapsed, addition silicone materials were found to have a contact angle decreased abruptly as compared with the remaining two types. That is, the initial contact angle was $91.3^{\circ}$ and it was abruptly decreased to $29.4^{\circ}$ after 25 seconds. 3) In the polyethers, the initial contact angle was $101.5^{\circ}$ and it was decreased to $90.7^{\circ}$ after 25 seconds. In the polysulfides, however, the initial contact angle was $90.0^{\circ}$ and it was $84.2^{\circ}$ after 25 seconds. This showed almost no changes in the initial contact angles. Moreover, its magnitude was greater than that seen in additional silicones. 4) There were significant differences in the contact angles between the three types of elastic rubber impression materials as the time elapsed (p<0.001). On an observation on the surface of working cast, addition silicone materials were found to have the most dense surface. This was followed by polysulfides and polyethers in a descending order.

탄성 고무인상재의 종류인 폴리설파이드(polysulfide), 폴리이써(polyether), 부가중합형 실리콘(addition silicone)에서 점주도(consistency)가 Type III인 인상재를 각각 1종류 선택하여 증류수 $3.3{\mu}l$를 떠뜨려 접촉각을 측정하고, 세 종류의 인상체에 치과용 경석고를 부어 작업모형을 만들고 표면을 관찰하였다. 접촉각 측정은 전자동접촉 각 측정시스템(DM-700, KYOWA, Japan)을 이용하였고 작업모형의 표면관찰은 전계 방사형 주사 전자현미경(JSM-6700F, JEOL Ltd., JAPAN)을 이용하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 초기 접촉각의 평균과 표준편차는 부가중합형실리콘, 폴리이써, 폴리설파이드 제품이 각각 $91.3^{\circ}{\pm}20.5$, $90.0^{\circ}{\pm}2.2$, $101.5^{\circ}{\pm}2.3$로 평균값은 유사하게 나타났으나 부가중합형실리콘의 표준편차값에서 큰 차이를 보여줬다. 이는 술자의 술식에 따라 항상 일정한 특성을 보여주지 않는 다는 것이다. 2) 시간이 흐를수록 부가중합형실리콘 제품은 다른 두 종류에 비해 접촉각이 급속히 감소함을 관찰 할 수 있었고, 초기접촉각이 $91.3^{\circ}$이며 25초 후 $29.4^{\circ}$로 급격히 감소했다. 3) 폴리이써 제품은 초기접촉각이 $101.5^{\circ}$에서 25초 후의 접촉각 $90.7^{\circ}$이였고, 폴리설파이드 제품은 초기접촉각이 90.0에서 25초 후의 접촉각 84.2로 변화가 거의 일어나지 않았고 그 각도도 부가중합형실리콘에 비해 컸다. 4) 세 종류의 탄성고무인상재에서 시간이 흐름으로써 관찰된 접촉각은 유의성이 있었다(p<0.001). 5) 작업모형의 표면관찰에서 부가중합형실리콘이 가장 치밀했고, 그 다음 폴리설파이드, 폴리이써 순서였다. 따라서 탄성고무 인상재에 있어서 접착각이 작은 부가중합형 실리콘은 폴리이써나 폴리설파이드 제품에 비해 더 치밀한 작업모형을 얻을 수 있었고 세 종류의 인상재접착각에서 큰 유의성을 보였다. 그러나 부가중형 실리콘은 접촉각의 편차가 커 술자의 주의가 필요한 것으로 나타났고 폴리설파이드 제품과 폴리이써 제품은 20~25초 후 접촉각이 최초 접촉각과 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 소수성 제품으로 인상채득 시 주의가 요망되는 것으로 보여진다. 향후 Vitro 상태에서 인상재에 영향을 미치는 여러가지 요인들에 대한 계속적인 연구의 필요성을 느낀다.

Keywords

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