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해안지대 기온에 미치는 바다효과의 공간분석

A Geospatial Evaluation of Potential Sea Effects on Observed Air Temperature

  • 투고 : 2010.11.22
  • 심사 : 2010.12.29
  • 발행 : 2010.12.30

초록

본 연구는 3면이 바다로 둘러싸인 우리나라에서 해안지대 기온 관측자료에 포함되어있지도 모르는 바다의 영향을 정량적으로 추정하기 위해 수행하였다. 1981-2009 기간 중 전국 66개 기상관서에서 관측한 일별 최고 및 최저기온자료를 수집하여 월별 평균을 계산하고 이들 가운데 27개 내륙지점 자료만을 이용하여 거리역산가중평균법에 의해 남한 전역의 가상기온 분포도를 제작하였다. 이 가상기온분포도 상에서 해안에 가까운 나머지 39개 지점의 국지기온을 지리지형정보 및 소기후모형에 의해 정밀하게 추정하였다. 실측 기온과 이 추정기온과의 편차를 '외견상의 바다효과'로 간주하고 39개 지점의 해안거리 대수를 독립변수로 하는 회귀모형을 월별로 작성하였다. 이 모형에 의하면 우리나라의 바다는 잠재적으로 여름철 일 최고기온에 $6^{\circ}C$ 냉각효과, 겨울철 일 최저기온에는 $7.5^{\circ}C$의 가온 효과가 있다. 해안은 물론 내륙의 기온자료에도 포함된 공통오차를 제거한 '실제의 바다효과'를 추정한 결과 서해안의 경우 여름철 냉각효과는 $1.5^{\circ}C$, 겨울철 가온효과는 $1.0^{\circ}C$인 반면, 남해안과 동해안은 각각 $3.0^{\circ}C$$3.5^{\circ}C$ 내외로 판명된다.

This study was carried out to quantify potential effects of the surrounding ocean on the observed air temperature at coastal weather stations in the Korean Peninsula. Daily maximum and minimum temperature data for 2001-2009 were collected from 66 Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) stations and the monthly averages were calculated for further analyses. Monthly data from 27 inland sites were used to generate a gridded temperature surface for the whole Peninsula based on an inverse distance weighting and the local temperature at the remaining 39 sites were estimated by recent techniques in geospatial climatology which are widely used in correction of small - scale climate controls like cold air drainage, urban heat island, topography as well as elevation. Deviations from the observed temperature were regarded as the 'apparent' sea effect and showed a quasi-logarithmic relationship with the distance of each site from the nearest coastline. Potential effects of the sea on daily temperature might exceed $6.0^{\circ}C$ cooling in summer and $6.5^{\circ}C$ warming in winter according to this relationship. We classified 25 sites within the 10 km distance from the nearest coastline into 'coastal sites' and the remaining 15 'fringe sites'. When the average deviations of the fringe sites ($0.5^{\circ}C$ for daily maximum and $1.0^{\circ}C$ for daily minimum temperature) were used as the 'noise' and subtracted from the 'apparent' sea effects of the coastal sites, maximum cooling effects of the sea were identified as $1.5^{\circ}C$ on the west coast and $3.0^{\circ}C$ on the east and the south coast in summer months. The warming effects of the sea in winter ranged from $1.0^{\circ}C$ on the west and $3.5^{\circ}C$ on the south and east coasts.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Feasibility of the Lapse Rate Prediction at an Hourly Time Interval vol.18, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2016.18.1.55
  2. Distribution of Midday Air Temperature and the Solar Irradiance Over Sloping Surfaces under Cloudless Condition vol.15, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2013.15.4.291
  3. Mapping Monthly Temperature Normals Across North Korea at a Landscape Scale vol.13, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2011.13.1.028