Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회지)

Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회)
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Emission Characteristics of HFC-23 (CHF3)/HCFC-22 (CHClF2) between Different Air Masses in Northeastern Asia

동북아시아 지역에서의 공기괴별 HFC-23/HCFC-22의 배출특성

  • Li, Shanlan (School of Earth Environment and Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Joo-Il (School of Earth Environment and Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Ryul (School of Earth Environment and Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Muhle, Jens (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego)
  • 리선란 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 김주일 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 김경렬 (서울대학교 지구환경과학부) ;
  • Received : 2010.02.16
  • Accepted : 2010.08.24
  • Published : 2010.10.31
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Abstract

HCFC-22 (chlorodifluoromethane, $CHClF_2$), one of the major components in various refrigeration, is emitted mostly from developing countries, as its consumption is not limited until 2013 by the Montreal Protocol. In addition, HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, $CHF_3$), a by-product in the manufacture of HCFC-22, is also a powerful greenhouse gas. Here, we discuss the regional emission characteristics of these compounds based on high-frequency in-situ measurements using the "Medusa" GC-MS system. HCFC-22 and HFC-23 baseline concentrations measured at Gosan (Jeju Island, Korea) from November 2007 to December 2008 increased by 1.8 ppt/yr and 0.6 ppt/yr, respectively. Pollution events of these compounds were observed, very frequently (e.g., ~2~3 times) at Gosan than baseline levels. All the measurement data were divided into four groups by simultaneously considering the ratio (HFC-23/HCFC-22) and concentration (HCFC-22) at Trinidad Head (TH, California, USA). The residence time of trajectories were then analyzed in each of the four groups. The results exhibited the existence of a strong correlation with air mass origin for each group: 1) Air masses originating from Siberia in the north and from the Pacific in the south had ratios of 0.08~0.12 and concentrations of 196.9~254.3 ppt which is highly comparable to background air at TH. 2) Air masses passing over the Southern China exhibited similar ratios but higher HCFC-22 concentrations. 3) Air masses passing over the Northern China had ratios of 0.12~0.21. 4) Air masses passing over Korea and/or Japan had ratios of 0.01~0.08. Our results suggest that the HFC-23/HCFC-22 ratio can be used as a good indicator for the assessment of the pollution with Chinese origin. We also confirmed differences in air masses traveling over Northern and Southern China, most likely due to differences in air mass travelling speed over these regions before arriving at Gosan. This signature may be treated as one of the critical components in identifying the emission sources from different parts of China.

Keywords

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