Sex ratio and intersexuality in coastal fishes near industrial complex of Korea

한국 산업단지 인근 연안 어류의 성비와 intersexuality

  • Lee, Jung-Sick (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Won (Department of Marine Life-Science, Gangwon Provincial College) ;
  • Park, Jung-Jun (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Ju, Sun-Mi (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Ji-Seon (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Geun (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Yun, Tae-Woong (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-Hee (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Yoon, Jun-Heon (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Eom, Ig-Chun (Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 이정식 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 김재원 (강원도립대학 해양생명과학과) ;
  • 박정준 (국립수산과학원 병리연구과) ;
  • 주선미 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 박지선 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 이동근 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 윤태웅 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 최경희 (국립환경과학원 위해성평가과) ;
  • 윤준헌 (국립환경과학원 위해성평가과) ;
  • 엄익춘 (국립환경과학원 위해성평가과)
  • Received : 2010.04.01
  • Accepted : 2010.08.20
  • Published : 2010.08.30

Abstract

Specimens were collected from the coastal region near industrial complex of Ulsan-Onsan, Sihwa-Ansan and Yeosu-Gwangyang in 2008 and 2009. The total number of individuals used in analysis was 1,289 of Acanthogobius flavimanus, Chelon haematocheilus, Hemibarbus labeo, Leiognathus nuchalis, Mugil cephalus and Synechogobius hasta. The sex ratio in the total individual was 1:0.73 (female:male). Specific sex ratio of fishes in the areas, namely the Ulsan-Onsan, Sihwa-Ansan and Yeosu-Gwangyang were 1:0.79, 1:0.81, and 1:0.25, respectively. Especially, female in Yeosu-Gwangyang was higher than male. The intersexuality in the total individual was 11.7%. Intersexuality of fishes in the areas were 4.98, 14.39 and 25.0% in the Ulsan-Onsan, Sihwa-Ansan and Yeosu-Gwangyang, respectively. It was indicated female higher than male in Ulsan-Onsan and male higher than female in Sihwa-Ansan and Yeosu-Gwangyang.

분석에 이용된 어류는 울산/온산, 시화/안산 및 여수/광양의 산업단지 인근 해역에서 2008년과 2009년에 채집하였다. 분석에는 문절망둑 (Acanthogobius flavimanus), 가숭어 (Chelon haematocheilus), 누치(Hemibarbus labeo), 주둥치 (Leiognathus nuchalis), 숭어 (Mugil cephalus), 풀망둑 (Synechogobius hasta)1,289개체가 사용되었다. 전체 개체의 성비 (암:수)는 1:0.73이었다. 각 지역별 성비는 울산/온산에서는 1:0.79, 시화/안산지역에서는 1:0.81, 여수/광양지역에서는 1:0.25로 암컷의 비율이 높았다. 전체 intersex 출현율은 11.7%였다. 각 지역별 intersex 출현율은 울산/온산에서는 4.98%, 시화/안산지역에서는 14.39%, 여수/광양지역에서는 25.0%로 나타났다. 성에 따른 intersex 출현율은 울산/온산에서는 암컷에서 높았으나 시화/안산과 여수/광양에서는 수컷에서 높았다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ackermann, G.E., Schwaiger, J., Negele, R.D. and Fent, K.: Effects of long-term nonylphenol exposure on gonadal development and biomarkers of estrogenicity in juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquat. Toxicol., 60:203-221, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00003-6
  2. Aerle, R.V., Nolan, M., Jobling, S., Christiansen, L.B., Sumpter, J.P. and Tyler, C.R.: Sexual disruption in a second species of wild cyprinid fish (the gudgeon, Gobio gobio) in United Kingdom freshwaters. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 20(12): 2841-2847, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620201225
  3. Borton, D., Carroll, S., Goldberg, S., Harrington, K., Seltzer, B. and Dikon, A.: Relationship between severity of illness and nosocomial infection: A trending model. Am. J. Infect. Control, 19(2):123, 1991.
  4. Bortone, S.A. and Davis, W.P.: Fish intersexuality as indicator of environmental stress: Monitoring fish reproductive systems can serve to alert humans to potential harm. BioScience, 44:165-172, 1994. https://doi.org/10.2307/1312253
  5. Devlin, R.H. and Nagahama, Y.: Sex determination and sex differentiation in fish: an overview of genetic, physiological, and environmental influences. Aquaculture, 208:191-364, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00057-1
  6. Drysdale, D.T. and Bortone, S.A.: Laboratory induction of inter-sexuality in the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, using paper mill effluent. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 43:611-617, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01701943
  7. Gimeno, S., Komen, H., Gerritsen, A.G.M. and Bowmer, T.: Feminization of young males of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, exposed to 4-tertpentylphenol during sexual differentiation. Aquat. Toxicol., 43:77-92, 1998a. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(98)00056-3
  8. Gimeno, S., Komen, H., Venderbosch, P.W.M. and Bowmer, T.: Disruption of sexual differentiation in genetic male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to an alkylphenol during different life stages. Environ. Sci. Technol., 31(10):2884-2890, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1021/es970215h
  9. Gimeno, S., Komen, H., Jobling, S., Sumpter, J. and Bowmer, T.: Demasculinisation of sexually mature male common carp, Cyprinus carpio, exposed to 4-tert-pentylphenol during spermatogenesis. Aquat. Toxicol., 43:93-109, 1998b. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(98)00060-5
  10. Gray, M.A. and Metcalfe, C.D.: Induction of testis-ova in Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes exposed to p-nonylphenol. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 16: 1082-1086, 1997.
  11. Gray, M.A., Niimi, A.J. and Metcalfe, C.D.: Factors affecting the development of testis-ova in medaka, Oryzias latipes, exposed to octylphenol. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18:1835-1842, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620180834
  12. Hansen, P.D., Dizer, H., Hock, B., Marx, A., Sherry, J., McMaster, M. and Blaise, C.: Vitellogenin - a biomaker for endocrine disruptors. TrAC, 17(7): 448-451, 1998.
  13. Harshbarger, J.C., Coffey, M.J. and Young, M.Y.: Intersexes in Mississippi River shovelnose sturgeon sampled below Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. Mar. Environ. Res., 50:247-250, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-1136(00)00055-6
  14. Holm, G., Norrgren, L. and Linden, O.: Reproductive and histopathological effects of long-term experimental exposure to bis(tributyltin)oxide (TBTO) on the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus. J. Fish Biol., 38:373-386, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb03127.x
  15. Huggett, R.J., Kimerle, R.A., Mehrle, P.M., Jr. and Bergman, H.L.: Biomarkers - biochemical, physiological, and histological markers of anthropogenic stress. Lewis Publishers, London, pp. 1-347, 1992.
  16. Iguchi, T.: Environmental endocrine disruptors. Jap. J. Clin. Med., 56(11):2953-2962, 1998.
  17. Jobling, S., Coey, S., Whitmore, J.G., Kime, D.E., Van Look, K.J.W., McAllister, B.G., Beresford, N., Henshaw, A.C., Brisghty, G., Tyler, C.R. and Sumpter, J.P.: Wild intersex roach, Rutilus rutilus have reduced fertility. Biol. Reprod., 67:515-524, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod67.2.515
  18. Jobling, S., Nolan, M., Tyler, C.R., Brighty, G. and Sumpter, J.P.: Widespread sexual disruption in wild fish. Environ. Sci. Technol., 32:2498-2506, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1021/es9710870
  19. Kim, J.W.: Effect of PCBs on the organ differentiation and development in the life stage of the bastard halibut, Paralichthys olivaceus. Ph. D. Thesis, Pukyung Nat'l Univ., 109, 2001.
  20. Lee, J.S. and Huh, S.H.: Reproductive biology of the slimy, Leiognathus nuchalis (Teleostei: Leiognathidae). Korean J. Ichthyol., 12(3):192-202, 2000.
  21. Longnecker, M.P., Rogan, W.J. and Lucier, G.: The human health effects of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and an overview of organochlorines in public health. Ann. Rev. Publ. Health, 18:211-244, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.18.1.211
  22. Matta, M.B., Cairncross, C. and Kocan, R.M.: Possible effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on sex determination in rainbow trout. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 17(1):26-29, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620170104
  23. Metrio, G.D., Corriero, A., Desantis, S., Zubani, D., Cirillo, F., Deflorio, M., Bridges, Eicker, C.R., J., de la Serna, J.M., Megalofonou, P., and Kime, D.E.: Evidence of a high percentage of intersex in the Mediterranean swordfish, Xiphias gladius L.. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 46:358-361, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00233-3
  24. Nilsson, R.: Endocrine modulators in the food chain and environment. Toxicol. Pathol., 28(3):420-31, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1177/019262330002800311
  25. Niimi, A.J.: Biological and toxicological effects of environmental contaminants in fish and their eggs. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 40:306-312, 1983. https://doi.org/10.1139/f83-045
  26. NRC (National Research Council).: Risk assessment in the federal government: managing the process. pp.1-192, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C, 1983.
  27. Quinn, B., Gagne, F., Costello, M., McKenzie, C., Wilson, J. and Mothersill, C.: The endocrine disrupting effect of municipal effluent on the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). Aquat. Toxicol., 66:297-292, 2004.
  28. Sadovy, Y. and Shapiro, D.Y.: Criteria for the diagnosis of hermaphroditism in fishes. Copeia, 1987(1): 136-156, 1987. https://doi.org/10.2307/1446046
  29. Safe, S.H., Welsch, F. and Janszen, D.B.: Endocrine disruptors and human health: Is there a problem ? An update. Environ. Health Perspect., 108(6):487-93, 2000.
  30. Sohoni, P., Tyler, C.R., Hurd, K., Caunter, J., Hetheridge, M., Williams, T., Woods, C., Evans, M., Toy, R., Gargas, M. and Sumpter, J.P.: Reproductive effects of long-term exposure to bisphenol A in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Environ. Sci. Technol., 35(14):2917-2925, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1021/es000198n
  31. Trevor, P.R.G., Susan, J., Carole, K., Steven, M., Geoff, B., Michael, J.W., John, P.S. and Charles, R.T.: Exposure of juvenile roach, Rutilus rutilus to treated sewage effluent induces dose-dependent and persistent disruption in gonadal duct development. Environ. Sci. Techol., 35:462-470, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1021/es001225c
  32. Tyler, C.R. and Routledge, E.J.: Natural and anthropogenic environmental oestrogens: the scientific basis for risk assessment, oestrogenic effects in fish in English rivers with evidence of their causation. Pure Appl. Chem., 70(9):1795-1804, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199870091795
  33. Vigano, L., Arillo, A., Bottero, S., Massari, A. and Mandich, A.: First observation of intersex cyprinids in the Po River (Italy). Sci. Total Environ., 269:189-194, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00821-4
  34. Weber, L.P., Hill, R.L.Jr and Janz, D.M.: Developmental estrogenic exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio): II. Histological evaluation of gametogenesis and organ toxicity. Aquat. Toxicol., 63:431-446, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00208-4