References
- AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.
- APGS. 2009. Grade Rule for Cattle Carcass in Korea. Available: http://www.ekape.or.kr/gradeinfo/statistics/.
- Deetz, L. E., Papas, A. M. and Benton, C. H. 1985. Performance of finishing steers fed rumen-protected methionine and/or lysine. J. Anim. Sci. 61 (Suppl. 1):486 (Abstr.).
- Doreau, M. and Chilliard, Y. 1997. Digestion and metabolism of dietary fat in farm animals. Br. J. Nutr. 78:15-35. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19970115
- Gilbert, C. D., Lunt, D. K., Miller, R. K. and Smith, S. B. 2003. Carcass, sensory, and adipose tissue traits of Brangus steers fed casein-formaldehyde-protected starch and/or canola lipid. J. Anim. Sci. 81:2457-2468. https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.81102457x
- Hussein, H. S. and Berger, L. L. 1995. Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of Holstein steers as affected by source of dietary protein and level of ruminally protected lysine and methionine. J. Anim. Sci. 73:3503-3509. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.73123503x
- Jeong, J., Lee, S. S., Park, N. H., Sung, N. I., Jang, Y. H., Choi, S. H., Song, M. K., Suh, H. K. and Lee, M. I. 2006. Effects of melengesterol acetate, selenium and vitamin E supplemental feeding on growth, carcass and longissimus dorsi muscle traits in Hanwoo cull cows. Kor. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 48:255-268. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2006.48.2.255
- Kook, K. and Kim, K. H. 2003. The effects of supplemental levels of bamboo vinegar on growth performance, serum profile and meat quality in fattening Hanwoo cow. Kor. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 45:57-68. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2003.45.1.057
- Kung, L. and Rode, L. M. 1996. Amino acid metabolism in ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 59:167-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00897-7
- Lehninger, A. L. 1977. Biochemistry. 2nd ed. Worth Publ., Inc., New York, NY.
- Machmüller, A., Ossowski, D. A. and Kreuzer, M. 2000. Comparative evaluation of the effects of coconut oil, oilseeds and crystalline fat on methane release, digestion and energy balance in lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 85:41-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00126-7
- Mayes, P. A. 1981. Metabolism of lipids: II. Role of the tissue. In: Harper’s Review of Biochemistry (18th Ed.) (Ed. D. W. Martin, P. A. Mayes and V. W. Rodwell). pp 222-244.
- Lange Med. Publ., Los Altos, CA. Merchen, N. R. and Titgemeyer, E. C. 1992. Manipulation of amino acid supply to the growing ruminant. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3238-3247. https://doi.org/10.2527/1992.70103238x
- Ngidi, M. E., Loerch, S. C., Fluharty, F. L. and Palmquist, D. L. 1990. Effects of calcium soaps of long-chain fatty acids on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and ruminal metabolism of steers. J. Anim. Sci. 68:2555-2565. https://doi.org/10.2527/1990.6882555x
- Park, B. K., Choi, N. J., Kim, H. C., Kim, T. I., Cho, Y. M., Oh, Y. K., Im, S. K., Kim, Y. J., Chang, J. S., Hwang, I. H., Jang, H. Y., Kim, J. B. and Kwon, E. G. 2010. Effects of amino acid-enriched ruminally protected fatty acids on plasma metabolites, growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 23:1013-1021. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90559
- Salinas, J., R. Ramírez, G., Domínguez, M. M., Reyes-Bernal, N., Trinidad-Lárraga, N. and Montano, M. F. 2006. Effect of calcium soaps of tallow on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Pelibuey lambs. Small Rumin. Res. 66:135- 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.058
- SAS. 1999. SAS/STAT Software for PC. Release 6.11, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, U.S.A
- Schauff, D. J. and Clark, J. H. 1989. Effects of prilled fatty acids and calcium salts of fatty acids on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibilities, milk production and milk composition. J. Dairy Sci. 72:917-927. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(89)79185-2
- Strasia, C. A., Martin, J. J., Gill, D. R. and Owens, F. N. 1986. Ruminal escape methionine and lysine for finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 63 (Suppl. 1):406 (Abstr.).
- Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. and Lewis, B. A. 1991. Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
- Veira, D. M., Seone, J. R. and Prolux, J. G. 1991. Utilization of grass silage by growing cattle: effect of a supplement containing ruminally protected amino acids. J. Anim. Sci. 69: 4703-4709. https://doi.org/10.2527/1991.69124703x
- Wright, M. D. and Loerch, S. C. 1988. Effects of rumen protected amino acids on ruminant nitrogen balance, plasma amino acid concentrations and performance. J. Anim. Sci. 66:2014-2027.
Cited by
- Effects of Different Additives on the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Holstein Steers vol.22, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.2.161
- Effects of Feeding Patterns of Concentrate on Growth Performance, Blood Parameters and Carcass Characteristics in Fattening Hanwoo Cows vol.55, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2013.55.1.33