Ocean and Polar Research

Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (한국해양과학기술원)
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Morphological Features of Bedforms and their Changes due to Marine Sand Mining in Southern Gyeonggi Bay

경기만 남부에 발달된 해저지형의 형태적 특징 및 해사채취에 의한 변화

  • Kum, Byung-Cheol (Marine Environment & Pollution Prevention Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Shin, Dong-Hyeok (Marine Environment & Pollution Prevention Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Jung, Seom-Kyu (Naval Technology Research Group, KORDI) ;
  • Jang, Seok (Marine Environment & Pollution Prevention Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Jang, Nam-Do (Ocean Satellite Remote Sensing & Observation Technology Research Department, KORDI) ;
  • Oh, Jae-Kyung (Department of Ocean Sciences, College of Natural Sciences Inha University)
  • 금병철 (한국해양연구원 해양환경.방제연구부) ;
  • 신동혁 (한국해양연구원 해양환경.방제연구부) ;
  • 정섬규 (한국해양연구원 해양특성연구단) ;
  • 장석 (한국해양연구원 해양환경.방제연구부) ;
  • 장남도 (한국해양연구원 해양위성.관측기술연구부) ;
  • 오재경 (인하대학교 자연과학대학 해양과학과)
  • Received : 2010.07.21
  • Accepted : 2010.09.16
  • Published : 2010.12.30
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Abstract

This study conducted sedimentological and geophysical surveys for 3 years (2006-2008) in southern Gyeonggi Bay, Korea to elucidate temporal changes in subaqueous dune morphology on a sand ridge trending northeast to southwest that has been excavated by marine sand mining. The sand ridge (~20 m in height, ~2 km in width and 3~4 km in length) has a steep slope on the NW side and a gentle slope on the SE side, creating an asymmetric profile. Large (10~100 m in length) and very large (>100 m in length) dunes occurring on the SE side of the ridge show a northeastward asymmetrical shape, whereas dunes on the NW side destroyed by marine sand mining display a southwestward asymmetry. The comparison between Flemming (1988)'s correlation and the height-length correlation of this study indicates that tidal current and availability of sand sediment are major controlling factors to the development and maintenance of dunes. Depth and sedimentary characteristics (grain size) are not likely to be major controlling factors, but indirectly influence dune growth by hydrological and sedimentary processes. The length and the height of dunes decrease toward the southeastern trough away from the crest of the ridge. These features result from the decrease of tidal current and sediment availability. The length and the height of dunes on the southeast side decrease gradually over time. This is a result of the interaction between tidal current and the decrease in sediment availability due to sediment extraction by marine sand mining. Marine sand mining has destroyed the dunes directly, causing irregular shapes of shorter length and lower height. The coarse fraction of suspended sediments is transported and deposited very close to the sand pit. By contrast, relatively fine sediments are transported by the tidal current and deposited over a wide range by the settling-lag effect, resulting in a decrease of sediment grain size in the area where suspended sediments are deposited. In addition, marine sand mining, decreases the height of dunes. Therefore, morphological and sedimentological characteristics of dunes around the sand pits will be significantly changed by future sand mining activities.

Keywords

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