Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Occurrence of Apple Scar Skin viroid and Relative Quantity Analysis Using Real-time RT-PCR

Apple Scar Skin viroid 발생상황 및 Real-time RT-PCR을 이용한 상대정량 분석

  • Kim, Dae-Hyun (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Ran (Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Heo, Seong (Bungbu Regional Office, National Plant Quarantine Service, MIFAFF) ;
  • Kim, Se-Hee (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Min-A (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Shin, Il-Sheob (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Hee (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Cho, Kang-Hee (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Hwang, Jeong-Hwan (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 김대현 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 김현란 (국립원예특작과학원 기획조정과) ;
  • 허성 (국립식물검역원) ;
  • 김세희 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 김민아 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 신일섭 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 김정희 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 조강희 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 황정환 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과)
  • Received : 2010.11.03
  • Accepted : 2010.11.17
  • Published : 2010.12.01
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Abstract

Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) is one of the smallest viral pathogens infecting fruits, especially apple, and causes a significant damage to fruit trees. ASSVd usually induced the skin-dapple ring symptoms, but in 'Fuji' varieties, corked spot were occurred on the fruit skin in 2009. This new symptom will be of great helpful to diagnosis ASSVd in sight. ASSVd was surveyed in apple and pear from 2009 to 2010 in Korea, and ASSVd was identified in 20 out of 1,193 trees. The infection rate was 1.7%. To screen the infectivity of ASSVd among apple cultivars, real-time RT-PCR was applied followed by designing of ASSVd specific primers based on highly conserved regions of several ASSVd isolates including Korean isolate. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad 5) gene, which is mRNA of the mitochondrial gene, was used for internal control. In this study, ASSVd infected apples were classified into 12 groups depending on different symptoms and symptom severity (scaring, rusting or malformation). Taken together, this study suggested that real-time PCR analysis was more sensitive to detect the low copy of ASSVd on early viroid infected apple skins than regular RT-PCR method.

우리나라 사과 및 배 주산단지 12개 지역을 대상으로 ASSVd에 대한 진단 결과, 사과 및 배나무 전체 1,193주에서 20주가 바이로이드가 검출되어 1.7%의 이병율을 나타내었다. 품종별 감염상황을 살펴본 결과, 사과는 '홍로' 품종이 이병율이 3.6%로 타 품종에 비해 많이 감염되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 국내에서 확인된 후지 등 주요 품종에서의 ASSVd 병징은 주로 과피 얼룩반점 증상이었으나, 후지품종 과피에 발생한 코르크(corking) 반점증상이 ASSVd 감염과 연관된 것으로 새롭게 확인하였다. 본 증상은 앞으로 유관으로 바이로이드 감염여부를 판단하는 중요한 지표가 될 것으로 판단된다. ASSVd에 감염된 사과를 대상으로 real time RT-PCR을 이용하여 ASSVd을 진단하고 시료간 상대 정량값을 분석하였다. real time RTPCR은 기존 RT-PCR에 비하여 전기영동이 필요없이 신속하고 간편하게 해석할 수 있으며, 오염의 위험성이 적었다. 특히 시료 간에 상대적인 정량값을 알 수 있기 때문에 시료를 비교 분석하는데 유효하다.

Keywords

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