Evaluation of the Natural Antimicrobials against Yeasts in Functional Beverages to Control Quality loss

효모에 의한 기능성 음료 변질 제어를 위한 천연항균물질 항균력 평가

  • Yeon, Ji-Hye (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Ji-Young (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Hee-Seok (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Ha, Sang-Do (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Park, Chul-Soo (Kwang-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Woo, Moon-Jea (Kwang-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Hun (Kwang-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Soo (Kwang-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Lee, Chon (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
  • Published : 2009.09.30

Abstract

We investigated eight active natural antimicrobials for preservation of functional beverages that are usually degraded by yeasts rather than by bacteria due to a high sugar content and a low pH. Five strains of yeasts (S. cerevisiae, Z. bailii, P. membranaefaciens, C. albicans, and P Anomala) were tested with eight natural antimicrobial agents ($\varepsilon$-polylysine, yucca extract, vitamin $B_1$ derivative, scutellaria baicalensis extract, chitooligosaccharid, allyl isothiocyanate, sucrose-fatty acid ester, and oligosaccharide). The lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were 10 ppm for oligosaccharide and sucrose-fatty acid ester against S. cerevisiae and Z. bailii, 10 ppm for allyl isothiocynate against P. membranaefaciens and C. albican, and 10 ppm for allyl isothiocynate and oligosaccharide against P. anomala. No growth were observed for five kinds of yeasts in functional beverages containing sodium benzonate at concentration of 0.015% or higher. The resistance of S. cerevisiae, Z. bailii, and P. Anomala against natural antimicrobial agents was lower than those of P. membranaefaciens and C. albican. Allyl isothiocyanate, oligosaccharide, and sucrose-fatty acid ester showed the highest antimicrobial activities among the eight tested antimicrobials. These results can be applied to develop new natural antimicrobial agents to improve microbial quality of functional beverages.

본 연구는 당 함량이 높고 ($12{\pm}0.1%$) pH가 낮아($3.0{\pm}0.1$) 세균보다는 효모에 의한 변패가 문제시 되고 있은 가능성 음료의 저장성을 향상시키고자 주요 천연항균제 8종의 항균력을 평가하였다. 이에 따라 대표적인 효모균주 Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Pichia membranaefciens, Candida albicans, Pichia anomala 5종을 대상으로 $\varepsilon$-Polylysine, 유카추출물, vitamin $B_1$ derivative, scutellaria baicalensis extract, 키토올리고당, allyl Isothiocyanate, 자당지방산에스테르, 올리고당 등 8가지 주요 항균력을 test 하여 최소저해농도 (Minimal Inhibitory Concerntration, MIC)로 나타내었다. S. cerevisiae와 Z. bailii는 올리고당 용액 10 ppm, 자당지방산에스테르 10 ppm, P. membranaefaciens와 C. albicans는 allyl isothiocyanate 10 ppm, P. anomala는 Allyl isothiocyanate 10 ppm, 올리고당 용액 10 ppm 사용 시 가징 높은 항균력을 나타냈다. 0.015% 이상의 안식향산나트륨 참가 가능성 음료에서는 다섯 효모균 모두 증식이 관찰되지 않았다. 종합적으로 S. cerevisiae, Z. bailii, P. anomala의 저항성이 P. membranaefaciens, C. albicans 보다 낮았으며, 균주별 차이는 보였으나 allyl isothiocyanate, 올리고당, 자당지방산에스테르가 큰 항균력을 보였다. 본 연구결과는 기능성 음료의 합성 보존료를 대체할 수 있는 천연항균제의 개발 및 이용에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Sibel, R.: Natural antimicrobials for the minimal processing of foods. Bibel, R(Ed.). Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, UK (2003)
  2. Davidson, P.M. and Post, L.S.: Naturally occurring and miscellaneous food antimicrobials. In Antimicrobials in foods. Branen, A.L. Davidson, P.M., Eds, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, pp. 371 (1983)
  3. Lewis, R.J.: Their regulatory status their use by the food industry. In Food additives handbook. Dean, R.W. eds. Nostrand Reinhold, New york, pp. 3-27 (1989)
  4. 오덕환, 함승시, 박부길, 안철, 유진영: 식품부패 및 병원미생물에 대한 천연약용식품 추출물의 항균효과. 한국식품과학회지, 30, 957-963 (1998)
  5. 이영철, 오세욱, 홍희도: 식용 가능한 약용식물 추출물의 항균 특성. 한국식품과학회지, 34, 700-709 (2002)
  6. 정준호, 조성환: 천연항균제 처리에 의한 가공두부의 선도유지 효과. 한국식품저장유통 과학회지, 10, 41-46 (2003)
  7. 김용석, 신동화: 천연 휘발성 항균물질의 연구현황과 식품가공에의 이용. 한국식품과학회지, 35, 159-165 (2003)
  8. 안봉전: 식품 보존제로서 천연항균물질 소개. 식품과 영양, 4, 5-16 (1999)
  9. Esaki, H. and Ozozaki, H.: Antimicrobial action of pungent principles in radishroot, 茶食と 食糧, 35, 207 (1982)
  10. Tokuoka, K., Mori. R. and isshiki. K.: Inhibitory effect of volatile mustard extract on the growth of yeasts, Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkiaishi, 39,68 (1992) https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.39.68
  11. 정대균, 유리나: 김치 발효미생물에 대한 대나무잎 추출물의 항균력. 한국식품과학지, 27, 1035-1038 (1995)
  12. 關山泰司: カラシ抽出物 製劑の 抗菌效果と その 用, 日本食品工業, 55 (1993)
  13. Magnusson, J.: Broad and complex antifungal activity among environmental isolates of lactic acid bacteria, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 14, 129-135 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(02)01207-7
  14. 김종신, 이현준, 이영택, 장학길, 박종현: 에탄옥과 유기산에 의한 가공쌀 부패효모의 생육저해 효과. 한국식품위생안전성학회지, 22, 99-104 (2007)
  15. Kahar, P., Kengo, K., Iwata, T., Hiraki, J., Kojima, M. and Okebe, M. Production of $\varepsilon$-Polylysine in an airlift bioactor (ABR) J. Biosci. Bioeng. 93, 274-280 (2002)
  16. Shima, S. and Sakai, H. Polysine produced by streptomyces. Agric. Biol. Chem., 41, 1807-1809 (1997)
  17. Kito,M., Onji, Y, Yoshida, T. and Nagasawa, T. Occurrence of E-Poly-L-lysine-degrading enzyme in $\varepsilon$-Poly-L-lysinetolerant Sphingobacterium multivorum on OJ10: purification and characterization. FEMS Microbial. Lett. 207, 147-151 (2002)
  18. Tokuoka, K., Mori, R. and Isshiki, K. Inhibitory effect of volatile mustard extract on the growth of yeasts. Nippon Shouhin Kogyo Gakkaishi, 39,68 (1992) https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.39.68
  19. Wang, Y, McAllister, T.A., Yanke, L.J. and Cheeke, P.R. Effect of steroidal saponin from Yucca schidigera extract on ruminal microbes. J. Appl. Microbiol. 88,887-896 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01054.x