Variation of Seed Germination Among Cultivated and Weedy Types of Perilla Crop in Korea and Japan

한국, 일본에서 수집한 들깨와 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형들의 종자발아 변이

  • Jung, Ji-Na (Division of Bio-resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yu, Chang-Yeon (Division of Bio-resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Hwa (Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Ju-Kyong (Division of Bio-resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • 정지나 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학 생물자원공학부) ;
  • 유창연 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학 생물자원공학부) ;
  • 김종화 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 이주경 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학 생물자원공학부)
  • Published : 2009.09.30

Abstract

To understand the seed characteristics among cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan, we studied the variation of 69 accessions by examining weight of 100 seeds, hardness of seed, germination percent and germination energy. The survey of the weight of 100 seeds and hardness of seed, clarified as follows; cultivated type of var. frutescens showed a range of 0.177 to 0.402 g with weight of 100 seeds, and most accessions of cultivated type of var. frutescens have soft seeds, except for several accessions, which have hard seeds, whereas weedy type of var. frutescens showed a range of 0.045 to 0.172 g with weight of 100 seeds, and has only hard seeds. While cultivated type of var. crispa showed a range of 0.054 to 0.101 g with weight of 100 seeds, and has only hard seeds. The weedy type of var. crispa showed a range of 0.059 to 0.135 g with weight of 100 seeds, and has only hard seeds. According to the result of germination tests, although the most accessions of cultivated and weedy types of var. frutescens and cultivated and weedy types of var. crispa showed below 50% germination rate at the first germination test, but some accessions of cultivated type of var. frutescens showed above 50% germination. While, in the second or third germination tests, most accessions of cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types showed above 50% germination rates, except for several accessions. As a result, in this study, the average of germination percent and germination energy among accessions of cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types showed respectively the highest value at the third germination test, but showed the lowest value at the first germination test. In addition, the germination percent and germination energy showed much higher in the room temperature condition than in $28^{\circ}C$ constant-temperature condition. Although our results may be required much clearly survey in the further study, this current results will be help for our understanding the variation of seed characteristics among cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan.

본 연구는 우리나라와 일본에서 재배 및 이용하고 있는 들깨, 차조기 그리고 이들 잡초형 69 계통들에 대하여 종자 특성 및 종자발아 변이에 대한 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 재배형 들깨에서 측정된 100립중은 0.177 g에서부터 0.402 g까지의 범위였고, 종자경도는 대부분의 계통들이 잘 부스러지는 부드러운 특성을 지니고 있었으나, 일부 계통들은 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 반면에 잡초형 들깨에서 측정된 100립중은 0.045 g에서부터 0.172 g까지의 범위였고, 종자경도는 모든 계통들이 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 2. 재배형 차조기에서 측정된 100립중은 0.054 g에서부터 0.101 g까지의 범위였고, 잡초형 차조기에서 측정된 100립중은 0.059 g에서부터 0.135 g까지의 범위였으며, 그리고 이들의 종자경도는 모든 계통들이 잘 부스러지지 않는 딱딱한 특성을 지니고 있었다. 3. 실온 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건의 발아율 조사에서 수확 후 1개월째에서는 들깨의 잡초형 그리고 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 대부분이 50% 이하의 낮은 발아율을 나타내었으나, 재배형 들깨의 일부 계통들이 50% 이상의 발아율을 나타내었다. 그리고 2개월 및 3개월이 경과한 상태에서 들깨의 재배형 및 잡초형 그리고 차조기의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들은 50% 이상의 발아율을 나타내는 계통들이 많이 나타났다. 4. 들깨와 차조기 작물의 재배형 및 잡초형 계통들에서의 평균발아율 및 평균발아세는 수확 후 1개월째에서 가장 낮고 수확 후 3개월째에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 실온 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건에서의 발아율과 발아세는 $28^{\circ}C$ 항온조건 보다는 실온조건에서 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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