Computed Tomography-guided Localization with a Hook-wire Followed by Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery for Small Intrapulmonary and Ground Glass Opacity Lesions

폐실질 내에 위치한 소결질 및 간유리 병변에서 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook Wire를 이용한 위치 선정 후 시행한 흉강경 폐절제술의 유용성

  • Kang, Pil-Je (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Hee (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Seung-Il (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Kwan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Jae-Woo (Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Do, Kyoung-Hyun (Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • 강필제 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김용희 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 박승일 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김동관 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 송재우 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 영상의학과교실) ;
  • 도경현 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 영상의학과교실)
  • Published : 2009.10.05

Abstract

Background: Making the histologic diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules and ground glass opacity (GGO) lesions is difficult. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsies often fail to provide enough specimen for making the diagnosis. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) can be inefficient for treating non-palpable lesions. Preoperative localization of small intrapulmonary lesions provides a more obvious target to facilitate performing intraoperative. resection. We evaluated the efficacy of CT-guided localization with using a hook wire and this was followed by VATS for making the histologic diagnosis of small intrapulmonary nodules and GGO lesions. Material and Method: Eighteen patients (13 males) were included in this study from August 2005 to March 2008. 18 intrapulmonary lesions underwent preoperative localization by using a CT-guided a hook wire system prior to performing VATS resection for intrapulmonary lesions and GGO lesions. The clinical data such as the accuracy of localization, the rate of conversion-to-thoracotomy, the operation time, the postoperative complications and the histology of the pulmonary lesion were retrospectively collected. Result: Eighteen VATS resections were performed in 18 patients. Preoperative CT-guided localization with a hook-wire was successful in all the patients. Dislodgement of a hook wire was observed in one case. There was no conversion to thoracotomy, The median diameter of lesions was 8 mm (range: $3{\sim}15\;mm$). The median depth of the lesions from the pleural surfaces was 5.5 mm (range: $1{\sim}30\;mm$). The median interval between preoperative CT-guided with a hook-wire and VATS was 34.5 min (range: ($10{\sim}226$ min). The median operative time was 43.5.min (range: $26{\sim}83$ min). In two patients, clinically insignificant pneumothorax developed after CT-guided localization with a hook-wire and there were no other complications. Histological examinations confirmed 8 primary lung cancers, 3 cases of metastases, 3 cases of inflammation, 2 intrapulmonary lymph nodes and 2 other benign lesions. Conclusion: CT-guided localization with a hook-wire followed by VATS for treating small intrapulmonary nodules and GGO lesions provided a low conversion thoracotomy rate, a short operation time and few localization-related or postoperative complications. This procedure was efficient to confirm intrapulmonary lesions and GGO lesions.

배경: 패실질 내에 위치한 소결절 및 간유리 병변은 깊이나 크기에 따라서 조직학적 진단이 기존의 방법으로는 어려운 경우가 있다. 이에 연구자는 흉부 전산화 단층 촬영 소견에서 흉강경을 통한 육안 확인이 어려울 것으로 예상되거나 경피 세침 흡인생검술이 부적절하였던 폐실질 내에 위치한 소결절 및 간유리 병변에서 수슬 전에 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용한 위치 선정(CT-guided localization with hook wire)을 시행한 후 흉강경 폐절제술을 시행하였고, 그 결과를 보고 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 8월부터 2008년 3월까지 흉부 전산화 단층 촬영 소견에서 폐실질내에 위치한 소결절 및 간유리 병변을 보인 18명 환자(남자 13명, 나이 중앙값 56세)를 대상으로 수술 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용한 위치 선정을 시행한 후 흉강경 폐절제술을 시행하였다. Hook wire 위치의 정확도, 개흉술 전환 정도, 수술 시간, 수술 후 합병증, 폐병변의 조직학적 진단의 정확성 등을 분석하였다. 결과: 18명의 환자가 18개의 폐실질 내에 위치한 소결절 및 간유리 병변에 대해 흉강경 폐절제술을 받았다. 수술 전 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용한 위치 선정은 전례에서 성공적으로 시행되었으나, 흉강경 소견에서 wire가 이탈된 경우가 1예 있었다. 수술 전 CT에서 폐 병변 크기의 중앙값은 8 mm ($3{\sim}15\;mm$)였고, 내장 흉막에서 폐병변까지 깊이의 중앙값은 5.5 mm ($1{\sim}30\;mm$)였다. 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용한 위치 선정 후 마취 시작까지 걸린 대기 시간의 중앙값은 34.5분($10{\sim}226$분)이었다. 폐병변에 대한 흉강경 폐절제술의 수술 시간은 43.5분($26{\sim}83$분)이었다. 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용한 위치 선정과 관련된 합병증으로 2예에서 기흉이 발생하였으나, 임상적으로 유의한 증상은 없었다. 폐병변의 절제 단면은 모든 경우에서 이상 소견이 없었으며, 조직학적 진단은 원발성 폐암 8예, 전이성 폐암 3예, 비특이적 염증성 소견 3예, 폐내 림프절 2예, 기타 2예 등이었으며 조직학적 진단을 하지 못한 경우는 얼었다. 결론: 폐실질 내에 위치한 소결절 및 간유리 병변의 조직학적 진단을 위하여 시행한 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용한 위치 선정 후 시행한 흉강경 폐절제술은, 낮은 합병증 발생률, 짧은 수술 시간 및 정확한 조직학적 진단율을 보였다. 따라서 경피 세침 흡인생검술로 정확한 진단이 어렵거나 흉강경을 통한 육안 확인이 불가능한 폐실질 내의 소결절 및 간유리 병변을 조직학적으로 진단하기 위하여 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 유도하에 Hook wire를 이용하여 위치를 선정한 후 흉강경 폐절제술을 시행하는 것은 매우 효과적이라고 생각한다.

Keywords

References

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