Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (대한결핵및호흡기학회)
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Usefulness of the Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase with Lymphocyte/Neutrophil Ratio in the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleurisy for a Region of Intermediate Prevalence of Tuberculosis

중등도 결핵 유병률 지역에서 결핵성흉막염 진단에 있어 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소와 림프구/호중구 비의 유용성

  • Kim, Chang Hwan (Department of Internal Medicine and Sejong Medical Research Institute, Sejong General Hospital) ;
  • Mo, Eun Kyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sung Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hwang, Yong Il (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jang, Seung Hun (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Yong Bum (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Cheol Hong (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Gyu (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Myung Goo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hyun, In Gyu (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Ki-Suck (Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine)
  • 김창환 (세종병원 내과 및 세종의학연구소) ;
  • 모은경 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박성훈 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 황용일 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 장승훈 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박용범 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김철홍 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김동규 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이명구 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 현인규 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정기석 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Received : 2009.06.17
  • Accepted : 2009.06.22
  • Published : 2009.06.30
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Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to consider the significance of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity combined with lymphocyte/neutrophil (L/N) ratio in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy (TBpl) in a region of intermediate prevalence of tuberculosis (TB). Methods: We collected data from 388 patients with exudative pleural effusions. The final diagnoses were compared to the results from our diagnostic method using pleural fluid ADA and L/N ratio. Results: 108 patients had a final diagnosis of TBpl; 102 cases had high levels of ADA ($\geq$40 IU/L). When we considered ADA $\geq$40 IU/L as a diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity was 94.4%, specificity 87.5%, and posttest posttest probability 74.5%. However, when we considered ADA $\geq$40 IU/L combined with the L/N ratio $\geq$0.75 as a diagnostic criterion, the specificity and post-test probability were rose to 97.5% and 93%, respectively. The other causes of high ADA and L/N ratios were lymphoma and metastatic carcinoma, but mass-like lesions were found on the chest radiographs or CT scans. Conclusion: To evaluate the causes of exudative pleural effusions in a region of intermediate prevalence of tuberculosis, we recommend measuring the pleural fluid ADA and L/N ratio first. If the result is high and malignancies are not suspected, it may be diagnostic of TBpl.

연구배경: 결핵성 흉막염의 진단에 있어 여러 보조 지표들이 이용되고 있으나 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소만큼 시행이 용이하고 저렴하면서 높은 특이도를 보이는 검사법은 없는 실정이다. 하지만 위양성이 문제가 될 수 있으며, 질병의 유병률에 따라 진단율이 좌우될 수 있다. 본 연구는 중등도 결핵 유병률을 보이는 지역에서 결핵성 흉막염의 진단에 있어 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소와 림프구/호중구 비의 유용성을 확인해보고자 하였다. 방 법: 흉수천자에서 삼출성 흉수가 확인된 총 388명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 이들을 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소 활성도 및 림프구/호중구 비에 따라 구분한 후 최종 진단 결과와 비교 분석하는 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 결 과: 388명 중 108명의 환자가 결핵성 흉막염으로 진단되었다. 그 중 102명에서 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소 활성도가 40 IU/L 이상이었다. 결핵성 흉막염의 진단 기준을 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소 40 IU/L 이상으로 하였을 때 민감도는 94.4%, 특이도는 87.5%였으며, 사후확률은 74.5%였다. 하지만 흉수 림프구/호중구 비 0.75 이상을 결핵성 흉막염의 진단 기준으로 함께 고려하였을 때 특이도와 사후확률은 각각 97.5%, 93%로 현저히 증가하였으며, 양성우도비도 39.5로 높게 나타났다. 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소와 림프구/호중구 비가 높았던 다른 원인으로는 림프종, 전이암종이 있었으며, 이들의 경우 흉부단순촬영이나 CT에서 종괴형 병변을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결 론: 중등도 결핵 유병률을 보이는 지역에서 삼출성 흉수의 원인을 평가하는데 있어 흉수 아데노신 탈아미노효소와 림프구/호중구 비를 우선 측정하고, 그 결과가 높고 임상적, 방사선학적으로 종양이 의심되지 않는다면 결핵성 흉막염으로 진단할 수 있겠다.

Keywords

References

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